Effect of carbostimulin on acid-base equilibrium of the blood of racing horses during exertion

The paper deals with possibility to regulate in a proper direction the acid-base state in race horse blood administering carbostimulin at rest and under physical exercises. The preparation is shown to favour an increase in alkaline blood reserves in race hours at rest and to prevent acidotic changes caused by physical exercises. The results obtained show a promising use of carbostimulin for the directed correction of the acid-base state of blood in race horses aimed at increasing the efficiency of the training process.     

Influence of Iron Oxide-Based Nanoparticles with Various Shell Modifications on the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Stimulated Human Blood Cells in vitro

Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology - Among the available nanoparticles, those based on iron oxide are of particular interest due to their biological safety, magnetic properties,...     

Effects of intervarietal genetic heterogeneity in oats by results of F1 diallele analysis

Genetic analysis of seven oat varieties for eight traits which are the yield components was performed when studying the varieties and the F1 hybrids from their diallel crosses. Involvement of epistatic genes in genetic control of all the traits excluding the panicle density was established. By analysing the diallel tables with excluded data from the varieties with epistatic genes, it was revealed that hyperdominance is inherent to genetic control of the majority of traits studied. The dominant gene action exceeds the additive gene action. The genes "u" increasing the phenotypic displaying of the trait are always dominant and their frequency in the variety set under consideration is higher than the frequency of the genes "v" for all traits studied.     

Genetic analysis of the short-stem populations of rye (Secale cereale L.) for the plant height trait

The process and results of genetic analysis of the short-stem rye populations (Secale cereale L.) for the trait "plant height" are described. The analysis has been performed with the joint scaling test using data of estimation of the parental and hybrid populations developed in the cyclic reciprocal crosses between four initial populations. Monogenic, digenic, and trigenic differences between parental rye populations for two genes of incomplete dominance and one multiallelic gene with additive allelic interaction were determined.     

The characteristics of nitrogen metabolism in the tissues of rabbits with ammonium toxicosis]

Disturbances of nitrogen metabolism under acute ammonium toxicosis have been studied in tissues of rabbit. A sharp increase of the ammonium content in the blood and tissues of the liver and kidneys is accompanied by an increase in the glutamine and glutamate level in all tissues. The level of urea nitrogen in the blood of rabbits increases. The activity of phosphate-independent and phosphate-activated glutaminase also increases in tissues of the liver and kidneys, while arginase activity decreases as compared with the control, which is connected with fall of the ATP level under hyperammonemia. A nomograph method of representation of the redox state has been used.     

Control of hypoxia using apneic oxygenation with extrapulmonary membrane elimination of CO2

The peculiarities and conditions of optimal gas exchange for arresting hypoxia during prolonged (3 hours) apnoea or bradypnoea were experimentally studied in 34 dogs, using the method of apnoea oxygenation and extrapulmonary membrane removal of CO2 on "Sever" membrane gas-exchanger. It was shown that successful arrest of severe ventilation disorders of respiration by this method depends on precise registration and skillful use of the factors influencing oxygenation and CO2 removal in membrane gas-exchanger connected with peripheral arteriovenous or venovenous shunts.     

Effects of a Severe Frost on Riparian Rainforest Restoration in the Australian Wet Tropics: Foliage Retention by Species and the Role of Forest Shelter

Restoration of ecological communities that can withstand future climate and land use changes requires information on species responses to various natural disturbances. Frost is an important disturbance that regulates plant species distributions, and although rare in tropical rainforest, it can occur in upland areas, especially where deforestation has occurred. We report the impacts of a severe frost that occurred in June and July 2007 on the Atherton Tablelands, Queensland, Australia and caused extensive damage to riparian restoration plots of upland rainforest species. We estimated proportion foliage retention to (1) compare impacts across 45 species; (2) examine the influence of plant height on frost effects; and (3) determine if plantings under shelterbelts of mature trees received less damage. Species exhibited different levels of foliage retention. Species that were particularly frost resistant included those from riparian habitats and a conifer. Some heavily impacted species are deciduous and may survive frost by shedding leaves; this warrants further investigation. Plant canopy height above ground level was only weakly correlated to foliage retention. Sheltered plants were much less damaged than unsheltered conspecifics, suggesting a useful way to mitigate frost impacts. These principles should help guide the development of resilient ecological communities in frost‐prone areas.     

Use of a membrane oxygenator with small volumes of perfusion for correction of functional changes in respiration disorders

Experiments on 11 dogs under hypoventilation hypoxia (a decrease in the respiratory minute volume by 40-50%) were made to study the efficacy of membrane oxygenation using a membrane Sever-OMP oxygenator of the blood under the conditions of minor perfusion (14-17% of the minute volume of circulation). The animals of the main series (7 dogs) with a veno-venous connection of the membrane oxygenator (MO) tolerated hypoxia quite well for 2 hours. The control animals died. The conclusion is made that membrane oxygenation with small volumes of perfusion (with the MO connected according to Seldinger) can be used in conjunction with artificial ventilation where the latter one is not effective enough.     

A nomogram method for calculating the NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H ratio in cell compartments

A new method to calculate the ratios of free NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH [NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H] in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of cells by means of nomographs is suggested. The method permits estimating the redox state of the tissue with allowance for the content of metabolites in the dehydrogenase systems. The method may be used widely in the biochemical and medical practice.     

Impairment of energy metabolism in rabbit tissues during ammonia toxicosis

The studies are conducted on the model of grave toxicosis in vivo in rabbits. It is shown that an increase in the ammonia content in blood and tissues enhances the content of lactate, glutamate, oxaloacetate in the liver and kidneys of animals, decreases the level of pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate and malate in the liver tissue. The NAD+/NADH ratio in the cytoplasm of the liver and kidney cells decreases, the ratio of NADP-pairs in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of these tissues noticeably increases. The energy metabolism is disturbed sharply, the content of adenosine phosphates lowers.