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Annemarie MM Vlaar Angela EP Bouwmans Marinus JPG van Kroonenburgh Werner H Mess Selma C Tromp Piet GWM Wuisman Alfons GH Kessels Ania Winogrodzka Wim EJ Weber 《BMC neurology》2007,7(1):28
Background
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. As there is no definitive diagnostic test, its diagnosis is based on clinical criteria. Recently transcranial duplex scanning (TCD) of the substantia nigra in the brainstem has been proposed as an instrument to diagnose PD. We and others have found that TCD scanning of substantia nigra duplex is a relatively accurate diagnostic instrument in patients with parkinsonian symptoms. However, all studies on TCD so far have involved well-defined, later-stage PD patients, which will obviously lead to an overestimate of the diagnostic accuracy of TCD. 相似文献6.
Roque JB O'Leary CA Duffy DL Kyaw-Tanner M Latter M Mason K Vogelnest L Shipstone M 《The Journal of heredity》2011,102(Z1):S74-S80
Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated hypersensitivity against environmental allergens, commonly including Dermatophagoides farinae, is associated with atopic diseases in both humans and dogs. We have recently identified a family of clinically healthy West Highland white terriers (WHWTs) with high-serum D. farinae-IgE levels. In this study, we investigated the genetic mechanism controlling IgE responsiveness in dogs by performing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the Affymetrix V2 Dog SNP array in 31 high-IgE and 24 low-IgE responder WHWTs. A gene-dropping simulation method, using SIB-PAIR software, showed significant allelic association between serum D. farinae-specific IgE levels and a 2.3-Mb area on CFA35 (best empirical P = 1 × 10(-5)). A nearby candidate gene, CD83, encodes a protein which has important immunological functions in antigen presentation and regulation of humoral immune responses. We sequenced this gene in 2 high-IgE responders and 2 low-IgE responders and identified an intronic polymorphic repeat sequence with a predicted functional effect, but the association was insufficient to explain the GWAS association signal in this population (P = 1 × 10(-3)). Further studies are necessary to investigate the significance of these findings for IgE responsiveness and atopic disease in the dog. 相似文献
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Abstract. Woodland colonization on wetlands is considered to have a detrimental effect on their ecological value, even though detailed analysis of this process is lacking. This paper provides an evaluation of the ecological changes resulting from succession of poor fen (base‐poor mire) to willow wet woodland on Goss Moor NNR in Cornwall, UK. Different ages of willow carr were associated with eight understorey communities. During willow colonization, in the ground flora, there was a progressive decrease in poor fen species and an associated increase in woodland species, which appeared to be related to an increase in canopy cover and therefore shade. The most diverse community was found to be the most recent willow and was dominated by poor fen species. The oldest willow was the second most diverse and was associated with a reduction in poor fen species and an increase in woodland species. Architectural features were used successfully to assess the general condition and structure of willow. Tree height and DBH were identified as useful parameters to accurately assess willow age in the field. The implications of active intervention to remove willow in order to conserve the full range of communities within the hydrosere are discussed. 相似文献
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The effect of 3 doses of estradiol dipropionate (EDP) on tubal epithelium of immature ovariectomized rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) was studied under both light and electron microscopy. EDP at a dose of 5 microgram/kg/day for 6 consecutive days changed differentiation of the epithelial cells into clear and dark cell-types; ciliogenesis, formation of some ciliary buds and even a few cilia were also induced in some clear cells throughout the tubal epithelium. Development of ciliated cells with fully formed ciliary apparatus was accelerated at 10 microgram/kg dosage. The secretory granules (SG) appeared at this dose in some nonciliated cells of the infundibular and ampullary but not the isthmic segments of the tube; some of the infundibular secretory cells, so formed, exhibited even a tendency to secrete. Nearly complete maturation of the tubal epithelium occurred at 20 microgram/kg dose; further signs of secretory activity appeared in all tubal segments. The results indicated that--(i) Nearly complete transformation of tubal epithelium of the immature animal into one of the adult type could be achieved by EDP at a dose not less than 20 microgram/kg under the present conditions. (ii) The response of undifferentiated cells to EDP differed depending upon the location of the epithelial cell within the tube and nature of the cell-type to be formed. (iii) The mode of tubal secretion in this infra-human species was probably apocrine. 相似文献
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BŁAŻEJ BERKOWSKI CHRISTIAN KLUG 《Lethaia: An International Journal of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy》2012,45(1):24-33
Berkowski, B & Klug, C. 2011: Lucky rugose corals on crinoid stems: unusual examples of subepidermal epizoans from the Devonian of Morocco. Lethaia, Vol. 45, pp. 24–33. In the fossil record, evidence for true epizoans, i.e. living animals inhabiting other living host‐animals, is rather rare. A host reaction is usually needed to proof the syn vivo‐settling of the epizoan. Herein, we provide a first report of such an epizoan biocoenosis from various strata of the Early Devonian of Hamar Laghdad, the world‐renowned Moroccan mud‐mound locality. In this case, solitary rugose corals settled as larvae on crinoid stems, perhaps at a spot where the epidermis was missing for some reason (injury, disease). Both the crinoid and the coral began to grow around each other. By doing so, the affected crinoid columnals formed a swelling, where ultimately only an opening slightly larger than the coral orifice remained. We discuss both macroecological and small‐scale synecological aspects of this biocoenosis. The coral profited from its elevated home because it reached into more rapid currents providing the polyp with more food than at the densely populated seafloor, which was probably covered by a coral‐meadow around the mounds and hydrothermal vents. □Corals, crinoids, Early Devonian, epizoans, Morocco, Rugosa. 相似文献