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1.
Samia S. Al-Ababneh Nabila S. Karam Rida A. Shibli 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2002,38(6):602-607
Summary The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation-dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation-vitrification on shoot
tips excised from in vitro cultures. Results indicated that a maximum of 83% survival and 47% regrowth of encapsulated-dehydrated and cryopreserved
shoot tips was obtained with 0.5M sucrose in the preculture medium and further dehydration for 6 h to attain 18% moisture content. Dehydration of encapsulated
shoot tips with silica gel for 2h resulted in 93% survival but only 37% regrowth of cryopreserved shoot tips. After preculturing
with 0.5M sucrose, 80% of the vitrified cryopreserved shoots survived when 2M sucrose plus 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a cryoprotectant for 20 min at 25°C. Survival and regrowth of vitrified
cryopreserved shoot tips were 67% and 43%, respectively, when 0.4M sucrose plus 2M glycerol was used as a loading solution followed by application of 100% plant vitrification solution (PVS2) for 20 min. Increased
duration of exposure to the loading solution up to 60 min increased survival (83%) and regrowth (47%) of cryopreserved shoot
tips. With encapsulation-vitrification, dehydration with 100% PVS2 for 2 or 3 h at 0°C resulted in 50 or 57% survival and
30 or 40% regrowth, respectively, of cryopreserved shoot tips. 相似文献
2.
Pigment producing in vitro cells of Vaccinium pahalae (ohelo) were tested for their ability to survive cryopreservation and
retain pigment-production capacity after encapsulation-dehydration. Preculture of cells for 6 to 8 days in a medium containing
1.0 M sucrose was essential before dehydration. Reduction of bead water content before quenching in liquid nitrogen was highly
correlated (r = 0.94) with increased survival rate in cells after cryopreservation. Dehydration of beads for 4 h was satisfactory
for survival of cells. After quenching in liquid nitrogen, colored cells became pale, but pigment content was recovered once
cells resumed growth. After three subcultures, cells regained their maximum capacity for pigment accumulation. The percentage
of colored-to-total cell volume was not influenced by cryopreservation. Encapsulation-dehydration and cryopreservation did
not diminish the capacity of cells to produce anthocyanins and other flavonoids.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
3.
Soha E. Mostafa Nabila S. Karam Rida A. Shibli Feras Q. Alali 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,103(1):111-121
A protocol for micropropagation of Arbutus andrachne from seeds was developed. Results indicated that none of the seeds cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, with or without
plant growth regulators (PGRs), germinated. Seeds soaked in 250 mg l−1 gibberellic acid (GA3) at 4°C for 3 days, then cultured on water-agar medium containing 2.0 mg l−1 GA3 exhibited 80–100% germination and developed into usable seedlings. Shoot proliferation was tested on MS or B5 medium containing
different concentrations of cytokinin. No shoot proliferation was observed on PGR-free medium. Proliferation was more successful
on MS than on B5 medium. On both media, the most successful proliferation was obtained using zeatin as a cytokinin type. Rooting
was tested on MS medium containing different concentrations of auxin. Rooting failed on PGR-free medium and on medium containing
indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 0.25 or 0.5 mg l−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), or 0.25, 0.5 or 2.0 mg l−1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Rooting (40%) was most successful with 1.0 mg l−1 NAA. Rooted plantlets exhibited 80% survival in all mixtures of peatmoss and perlite, and acclimatized plants were successfully
grown in the greenhouse. Quantitative analysis of arbutin performed on in vivo and in vitro leaves using high-performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed that in vivo leaves contained higher arbutin content (0.3–0.81% w/w) than in vitro leaves
(0.09% w/w). The highest yield of arbutin in vivo was detected in leaves collected in August, and the lowest yield in leaves
collected in December. 相似文献
4.
Somatic embryogenesis in the endemic black iris 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Apple shoot cultures accumulate phenolic acids, flavonols, catechins, and procyanidins. Increasing the sucrose content and reducing the macronutrient content of culture media both resulted in an enhanced content of phenolic substances. The qualitative composition of the substances was affected as well. Morphology of the shoots, preculture and time of sampling in the subculture interval influenced the reaction pattern. 相似文献
5.
Our objective was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cells and study the physiological changes occurring in cells during cryopreservation treatment. Cell cultures of Pioneer cvs. 5262 (fall-dormant, winter-hardy) and 5929 (non-dormant, non-hardy) plants initiated regrowth after cryopreservation by encapsulation-dehydration (ED). Pre-treatment of the encapsulated cells for 4 days in B5 medium containing 0.75 M sucrose and dehydration for 4 h in a laminar flow hood were necessary to achieve maximum cell viability after ED and cryopreservation in liquid N2 (EDN). Viability (measured as triphenyl tetrazolium chloride reduction) of the cv. 5262 cells after cryopreservation was two- to three-fold greater than that of the cv. 5929 cells. Cold acclimation of the cells (10 days at 2°C) improved viability after cryopreservation. The addition of 7.6 µM ABA to the B5 medium enhanced viability in ED but did not improve cell cryopreservability. Cold-acclimated cells had higher protein concentrations, but neither ABA nor cold acclimation influenced protein composition of cold-acclimated cells determined using SDS-PAGE. Encapsulated cells pre-treated for 4 days in B5 medium containing 0.75 M sucrose showed an increased concentration of cell protein and an altered protein composition. Suspension cultures were re-initiated from both ED and EDN treatments by transferring beads sequentially to B5 media containing 0.75, 0.5, 0.25 M sucrose and then to fresh B5 medium. The ED cells resumed rapid growth after two subcultures, whereas EDN cells needed four or five subcultures to resume rapid growth. 相似文献
6.
Sarab A. Sharaf Rida A. Shibli Mahmoud A. Kasrawi Savinaz H. Baghdadi 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2012,108(3):437-444
Artemisia herba-alba, called Shih is a medicinal herbal plant found in the wilds. The biodiversity of this plant is heavily subjected to loss because
of heavy grazing, land cultivation and collection by people to be used in folk medicine. In the current study, two cryopreservation
dependent techniques to conserve the shoot-tips of in vitro grown Shih were evaluated: encapsulation- dehydration and encapsulation-
vitrification. Shoot-tips of Shih were encapsulated into sodium-alginate beads. In encapsulation- dehydration, the effect
of sucrose concentration (0.5, 0.75 or 1.0 M) and dehydration period (0, 2, 4 or 6 h) under sterile air-flow on survival and
regrowth of encapsulated shoot tips were studied. Maximum survival (100%) and regrowth (27%) rates were obtained when encapsulated
unfrozen Artemisia herba-alba shoot tips were pretreated with 0.5 M sucrose for 3 days without further air dehydration. After cryopreservation the highest
survival (40%) and regrowth (6%) rates were achieved when Artemisia herba-alba shoot tips were pretreated with 1.0 M sucrose for 3 days without further air dehydration. Viability of Artemisia herba-alba shoot tips decreased with increased dehydration period. In encapsulation-vitrification, the effect of dehydration of encapsulated
Artemisia herba-alba shoot tips with 100% PVS2 for various dehydration durations (10, 20, 30, 60 or 90 min) prior to freezing was studied. After
cryopreservation the dehydration of encapsulated and vitrified shoot tips with 100% PVS2 for 30 min resulted in 68% survival
and 12% regrowth rates. Further conservation techniques must be evaluated to increase both survival and regrowth percentages. 相似文献
7.
Manar M. Rabba’a Rida A. Shibli Mohamad A. Shatnawi 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2012,110(3):371-382
Teucrium polium L. with the common name of Felty Germander is one of the plants flora that is widely used in folk medicine in many Middle East countries, it is an endangered plant species and must be highly considered for preservation. Cryopreservation of T. polium by vitrification and encapsulation-dehydration was successfully achieved in this study. Shoot-tips were excised aseptically from in vitro grown plants and incubated for 3?days on solid hormone free-Murashige and Skoog (HF-MS) media supplemented with 0.3?M sucrose under complete darkness at 24?±?1?°C. In vitrification, shoot-tips were loaded in 0.4?M sucrose and 2?M glycerol for 20?min followed by desiccation with different combinations and concentrations of plant vittrification solution 2 (PVS2), before immersion in Liquid Nitrogen (LN). Whereas for the encapsulation-dehydration; shoot-tips were encapsulated in calcium alginate and dehydrated under laminar air flow cabinet for 0, 3, 6, or 9?h. A total of 60?% of the cryopreserved vitrified shoot-tips survived when desiccated in concentrated PVS2 solution for 20?min, whereas, 28?% of the cryopreserved vitrified shoot-tips were regrown after 20?min of desiccation by two step increase in PVS2 concentration. Complete survival were obtained for the non-cryopreserved encapsulated shoot-tips treated for 3?days in 0.5?M sucrose with MS media without or with 3?h of dehydration, whereas, only 20?% of the cryopreserved encapsulated shoot-tips were regrown. The procedures developed in this study are easy to handle and produced a high levels of shoot formation. 相似文献
8.
Rubina Basheer G. Ganga R. Krishna Chandran G. M. Nair Meena B. Nair S. M. A. Shibli 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2013,97(12):5615-5625
Microorganisms tend to colonize on solid metal/alloy surface in natural environment leading to loss of utility. Microbiologically influenced corrosion or biocorrosion usually increases the corrosion rate of steel articles due to the presence of bacteria that accelerates the anodic and/or cathodic corrosion reaction rate without any significant change in the corrosion mechanism. An attempt was made in the present study to protect hot-dip galvanized steel from such attack of biocorrosion by means of chemically modifying the zinc coating. W–TiO2 composite was synthesized and incorporated into the zinc bath during the hot-dipping process. The surface morphology and elemental composition of the hot-dip galvanized coupons were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The antifouling characteristics of the coatings were analyzed in three different solutions including distilled water, seawater, and seawater containing biofilm scrapings under immersed conditions. Apart from electrochemical studies, the biocidal effect of the composite was evaluated by analyzing the extent of bacterial growth due to the presence and absence of the composite based on the analysis of total extracellular polymeric substance and total biomass using microtiter plate assay. The biofilm-forming bacteria formed on the surface of the coatings was cultured on Zobell Marine Agar plates and studied. The composite was found to be effective in controlling the growth of bacteria and formation of biofilm thereafter. 相似文献
9.
Pure nickel electrodes can be used as biosensors especially for sensing and estimating acetylcholine neurotransmitter. In the present work, a good electrochemical sensor was developed by electroplating nano nickel oxide reinforced nickel on graphite substrate. The morphology of the working electrode surface was studied by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The electrochemical and biological performance of the modified electrode was characterized by polarization studies in different media. The present modified electrode showed good sensing performance with a response time as low as 8s during sensing and estimation of acetylcholine. The sensitivity of the modified electrode was 34.88 microA/(microM cm(2)). 相似文献
10.
Rida A. Shibli Mosbah Kushad Gad G. Yousef Mary Ann Lila 《Plant Growth Regulation》2007,51(2):159-169
Physiological and biochemical responses of open-pollinated ‘Roma’ and dwarf F1 hybrid ‘Patio’ tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars to in vitro induced salinity were examined in light of the possible contribution of ethylene to these symptoms.
Salinity was induced by incorporating 0 (control), 50, 100, 150, or 200 mM NaCl into shoot culture media. Elevated salinity
treatments significantly enhanced ethylene accumulation in the headspace and were accompanied by increased leaf epinasty in
both cultivars. Growth, leaf cell sap osmolarity, leaf tissue viability and shoot soluble protein content were generally depressed
with elevated salinity treatments, whereas electrolyte leakage, membrane injury, raffinose, and total sugars were concomitantly
increased. Macronutrients N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S decreased with elevated salinity in both cultivars and were accompanied by
a significant increase in Na content and a sharp decrease in K/Na ratio. Tissue micronutrients, Fe, B, Zn, Mn, and Cu were
generally decreased with elevated salinity especially at 100 mM or more. Incorporating ethylene inhibitors CoCl2 or NiCl2 at 5.0 or 10.0 mg/l into media supplemented with 100 mM NaCl significantly reduced ethylene accumulation in the headspace
and prevented epinasty, but did not eliminate the negative impacts on growth and other physiological parameters caused by
salinity treatment in either cultivar. Our results indicate that the increase in ethylene under salinity stress is not the
primary factor contributing to salinity’s deleterious effect on tomato plant growth and physiology. 相似文献