Loss of chloroplast-localized NAD kinase causes ROS stress in Arabidopsis thaliana

Journal of Plant Research - Chloroplast-localized NAD kinase (NADK2) is responsible for the production of NADP+, which is an electron acceptor in the linear electron flow of photosynthesis. The...     

细胞色素bc_1复合物的喇曼光谱研究

对提纯的细胞色素ｂｃ１复合物的氧化态和底物琥珀酸还原态两个样品进行了共振喇曼和富立叶喇曼光谱测定和比较。琥珀酸还原态与氧化态的共振谱比较明显有变化,而富立叶红外谱没有什么差别。说明呼吸链的电子传递体在氧化态与还原态交替变化进行电子传递时,蛋白总体构象不发生大的改变,而活性中心血红素辅基局部构象变化很大。     

Retinoblastoma,gross internal malformations,and deletion 13q14→q31

Summary A male patient with an interstitial deletion 13q14q31 is described. Our necropsy findings included a left retinoblastoma and several gross internal malformations. In this paper we reaffirm that band 13q14 is involved in cases of retinoblastoma and we propose, after studying accompanying cases of total or partial long arm trisomies 13, that the loss of specific 13q bands, from 13q14 to 13q31 is responsible for the congenital defects we are describing.     

Characterization of interleukin 2 stimulated 65-kilodalton phosphoprotein in human T cells

We have characterized the cellular proteins which are rapidly phosphorylated by interleukin 2 (IL 2) in a human IL 2 dependent cell line. When treated with IL 2, the phosphorylation of five proteins, 65, 50, 37, 24, and 21 kDa, was found in IL 2 dependent cell lines by two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis. After cell conversion from an IL 2 dependent state to an IL 2 independent state, one of the five phosphoproteins, the 65-kDa protein, became constitutively phosphorylated even without addition of IL 2. Also, in other IL 2 independent cell lines, such as KUT-2 and HUT-102, constitutive phosphorylation of the 65-kDa protein occurred without IL 2-stimulation. So our researchers were focused on biochemical characterization of the 65-kDa protein. It was found that the 65-kDa protein was one of the major cellular proteins by comparing the results of two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of [32P]Pi-labeled and [3H]leucine-labeled cellular proteins and peptide mapping analysis. Subcellular fractionation studies indicated that the 65-kDa protein is a cytosol protein. The 65-kDa protein was purified from cytosol of a human T cell line, and its amino acid composition and amino acid sequences of its three oligopeptides were determined. It was found that the 65-kDa protein is identical with 1-plastin.     

Superior neovascularization and muscle regeneration in ischemic skeletal muscles following VEGF gene transfer by rAAV1 pseudotyped vectors

Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (rAAV2) vector has been widely employed for gene therapy. Recent progress suggests that the new serotypes of AAV showed a better performance than did AAV2 in normal tissues. Here, we evaluate the potential role of human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene transfer using rAAV vector pseudotyped with serotype 1 capsid proteins (rAAV1) in the treatment of muscle ischemia. In ischemic skeletal muscles, the rAAV1-LacZ vector allowed higher level, broader distribution, and long-lasting gene expression compared with the rAAV2-LacZ vector. Muscle VEGF165 production following the rAAV1-VEGF165 vector injection was 5-10 times higher than that following the rAAV2-VEGF165 vector injection. VEGF165 production mediated by the rAAV1-VEGF165 vector stimulated a large set of neovascularization with relatively mature vascular structures and enhanced muscle regeneration in the ischemic skeletal muscles. Thus, the rAAV1-VEGF165 vector mediated gene transfer may be a therapeutic approach to peripheral vascular diseases.     

Molecular characterization of avian-like H1N1 swine influenza a viruses isolated in Eastern China, 2011

Currently, three predominant subtypes of influenza virus are prevalent in pig populations worldwide: H1N1, H3N2, and H1N2. European avian-like H1N1 viruses, which were initially detected in European pig populations in 1979, have been circulating in pigs in eastern China since 2007. In this study, six influenza A viruses were isolated from 60 swine lung samples collected from January to April 2011 in eastern China. Based on whole genome sequencing, molecular characteristics of two isolates were determined. Phylogenetic analysis showed the eight genes of the two isolates were closely related to those of the avian-like H1N1 viruses circulating in pig populations, especially similar to those found in China. Four potential glycosylation sites were observed at positions 13, 26, 198, 277 in the HA1 proteins of the two isolates. Due to the presence of a stop codon at codon 12, the isolates contained truncated PB1-F2 proteins. In this study, the isolates contained 591Q, 627E and 701N in the polymerase subunit PB2, which had been shown to be determinants of virulence and host adaptation. The isolates also had a D rather than E at position 92 of the NS1, a marker of mammalian adaptation. Both isolates contained the GPKV motif at the PDZ ligand domain of the 3′ end of the NS1, a characteristic marker of the European avian-like swine viruses since about 1999, which is distinct from those of avian, human and classical swine viruses. The M2 proteins of the isolates have the mutation (S31N), a characteristic marker of the European avian-like swine viruses since about 1987, which may confer resistance to amantadine and rimantadine antivirals. Our findings further emphasize the importance of surveillance on the genetic diversity of influenza A viruses in pigs, and raise more concerns about the occurrence of cross-species transmission events.     

笼养雌性果子狸同性数量对发情状态的影响及繁殖季节尿液雌激素浓度的变化

本研究试图揭示 (1)社会环境影响雌性果子狸 (Pagumalarvata)的交配日期 ,(2 )哺乳期母兽有雌二醇浓度升高的现象。通过检查是否排出交配栓并结合交配行为的发生与否确定开始交配的日期 ,使用放射免疫方法测定尿中雌二醇浓度。结果表明 (1)一雄两雌组中优势雌兽开始交配的日期显著早于劣势雌兽和单雌组雌兽 ,劣势雌兽和单雌组雌兽之间无差异 ;交配期优势雌兽尿液中雌二醇浓度明显高于劣势雌兽 ,而与单雌组中的雌兽无差异 ,但单雌组中雌兽尿液中雌二醇的浓度明显高于劣势雌兽雌二醇的浓度 ;(2 ) 5头母兽产后第二天雌二醇浓度开始上升 ,在第 5天时达到高峰 ,其中 4头母兽的雌二醇浓度共出现了两个峰值 ,其间隔为 16 75± 4 4 6 (4)天。上述结果说明 :(1)社会影响仅对优势雌性个体的繁殖有促进作用 ;(2 )哺乳期雌二醇水平的升高是季节性多次发情的基础。     

Temporal changes of soil physic‐chemical properties at different soil depths during larch afforestation by multivariate analysis of covariance

Soil physic-chemical properties differ at different depths; however, differences in afforestation-induced temporal changes at different soil depths are seldom reported. By examining 19 parameters, the temporal changes and their interactions with soil depth in a large chronosequence dataset (159 plots; 636 profiles; 2544 samples) of larch plantations were checked by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). No linear temporal changes were found in 9 parameters (N, K, N:P, available forms of N, P, K and ratios of N: available N, P: available P and K: available K), while marked linear changes were found in the rest 10 parameters. Four of them showed divergent temporal changes between surface and deep soils. At surface soils, changing rates were 262.1 g·kg⁻¹·year⁻¹ for SOM, 438.9 mg·g⁻¹·year⁻¹ for C:P, 5.3 mg·g⁻¹·year⁻¹ for C:K, and −3.23 mg·cm⁻³·year⁻¹ for bulk density, while contrary tendencies were found in deeper soils. These divergences resulted in much moderated or no changes in the overall 80-cm soil profile. The other six parameters showed significant temporal changes for overall 0–80-cm soil profile (P: −4.10 mg·kg⁻¹·year⁻¹; pH: −0.0061 unit·year⁻¹; C:N: 167.1 mg·g⁻¹·year⁻¹; K:P: 371.5 mg·g⁻¹ year⁻¹; N:K: −0.242 mg·g⁻¹·year⁻¹; EC: 0.169 μS·cm⁻¹·year⁻¹), but without significant differences at different soil depths (P > 0.05). Our findings highlight the importance of deep soils in studying physic-chemical changes of soil properties, and the temporal changes occurred in both surface and deep soils should be fully considered for forest management and soil nutrient balance.     

水稻条纹病毒RNA4基因间隔区的分子变异

应用反转录－聚合酶链式反应（RT－PCR）和单链构象多态性（single-strand conformation polymorphism,SSCP)技术快速检测我国水稻条纹病毒（RSV）RNA4基因间隔区（intergenic region,IR)的分子变异,结果表明,我国RSV RNA4 IR存在分子变异。供试的7个分离物共有4种泳动带型,其中YL、BS、JD、LY分离物完全一致,而YL、BS、YL及JD4个分离物序列完全一致;JN、PJ、SQ3个分离各不一样,序列之间的同源性均在92％－94％之间.IR序列内部具有两个重要的结构特征：（1）有两处反向重复序列,可形成两个明显的发夹结构,其中一个序列比较保守,形成的发夹结构稳定;但中一个发夹结构由于碱基变异导致其稳定性在各个分离物中差异较大;（2）具有插入序列,相对于日本M分离物,我国7个分离物都有一段长19bp的插入序列,这段插入序列比较保守,各分离物之间仅有1－2个碱基的差异。