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The use of total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) measurement has dramatically improved the ability to detect prostate cancer at earlier stages. However, as the number of men presenting with advanced disease (and high tPSA levels) has decreased, and given the fact that tPSA is highly reflective of benign prostatic hyperplasia, the need has emerged for novel biomarkers specifically associated with prostate cancer in order to improve predictive models. Several new biomarkers have shown promise, and studies continue to investigate the role of these markers in the detection, staging, and prognosis of prostate cancer. As new useful biomarkers continue to emerge, guidelines for their employment, as well as coordination of further research studies, are needed; a systematic, phased, nomogram-based model is a rational way to manage these efforts. 相似文献
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Hosein Dalili Firouzeh Nili Mahdi Sheikh Amir Kamal Hardani Mamak Shariat Fatemeh Nayeri 《PloS one》2015,10(3)
Objectives
To compare the Conventional, Specified, Expanded and Combined Apgar scoring systems in predicting birth asphyxia and the adverse early neurologic outcomes.Methods
This prospective cohort study was conducted on 464 admitted neonates. In the delivery room, after delivery the umbilical cord was double clamped and a blood samples was obtained from the umbilical artery for blood gas analysis, meanwhile on the 1- , 5- and 10- minutes Conventional, Specified, Expanded, and Combined Apgar scores were recorded. Then the neonates were followed and intracranial ultrasound imaging was performed, and the following information were recorded: the occurrence of birth asphyxia, hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), and neonatal seizure.Results
The Combined-Apgar score had the highest sensitivity (97%) and specificity (99%) in predicting birth asphyxia, followed by the Specified-Apgar score that was also highly sensitive (95%) and specific (97%). The Expanded-Apgar score was highly specific (95%) but not sensitive (67%) and the Conventional-Apgar score had the lowest sensitivity (81%) and low specificity (81%) in predicting birth asphyxia. When adjusted for gestational age, only the low 5-minute Combined-Apgar score was independently associated with the occurrence of HIE (B = 1.61, P = 0.02) and IVH (B = 2.8, P = 0.01).Conclusions
The newly proposed Combined-Apgar score is highly sensitive and specific in predicting birth asphyxia and also is a good predictor of the occurrence of HIE and IVH in asphyxiated neonates. 相似文献4.
Ahari SE Houshmand M Panahi MS Kasraie S Moin M Bahar MA 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》2007,27(6):695-700
As with chromosomal DNA, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can contain mutations that are highly pathogenic .In fact, many diseases
of the central nervous system are known to be caused by mutations in mtDNA. Dysfunction of the mitochondrial Respiratory Chain
(RC) has been shown in patients with neurological disease including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and
Multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is a demyelinating disease of central nervous system characterized by morphological hallmarks
of inflammation, demyelination and axonal loss. Considering this importance, we decided to investigate several highly mutative
parts of mtDNA for point mutations as MT-LTI (tRNALeucine1(UUA/G)), MT-NDI (NADH Dehydrogenase subunit 1), MT-COII (Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II), MT-TK (tRNALysine), MT-ATP8 (ATP synthase subunit F0 8) and MT-ATP6 (ATP synthase subunit F0 6) in 20 Iranian MS patients and 80 age-matched
control subjects by PCR and automated DNA sequencing to evaluate any probable point mutations. Our results revealed that 15
(75%) out of 20 MS patients had point mutations. Some of point mutations were newly found in this study. This study suggested
that point mutation occurred in mtDNA might be involved in pathogenesis of MS. 相似文献
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Kasraie S Houshmand M Banoei MM Ahari SE Panahi MS Shariati P Bahar M Moin M 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》2008,28(7):933-938
Huntington disease (HD) is a genetically dominant condition caused by expanded CAG repeats which code for glutamine in the
HD gene product, huntingtin. Huntingtin is expressed in almost all tissues, so abnormalities outside the brain can also be
expected. Involvement of nuclei and mitochondria in HD pathophysiology has been suggested. In fact mitochondrial dysfunction
is reported in brains of patients suffering from HD. The tRNA gene mutations are one of hot spots that can cause mitochondrial
disorders. In this study, possible mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage was evaluated by screening for mutations in the tRNAleu/lys and ATPase 6 genes of 20 patients with HD, using PCR and automated DNA sequencing. Mutations including an A8656G mutation
in one patient were observed, which may be causal to the disease. Understanding the role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis
of neurodegenerative diseases could potentially be important for the development of therapeutic strategies in HD. 相似文献
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Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) - Satureja khuzitanica, due to having phenolic compounds such as carvacrol in its essential oil and rosmarinic acid in its extract has strong... 相似文献
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Seyed Ziyae Aldin Samsam Shariat Fatemeh Borzouee Mohammad Reza Mofid Jaleh Varshosaz 《Biotechnology letters》2018,40(9-10):1343-1353
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to develop a facile and efficient method to enhance the stability and activity of lactoperoxidase (LPO) by using its immobilization on graphene oxide nanosheets (GO-NS).Methods
Following the LPO purification from bovine whey, it was immobilized onto functionalized GO-NS using glutaraldehyde as cross-linker. Kinetic properties and stability of free and immobilized LPO were investigated.Results
LPO was purified 59.13 fold with a specific activity of 5.78 U/mg protein. The successful immobilization of LPO on functionalized GO-NS was confirmed by using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The overall results showed that the stability of the immobilized LPO was considerably improved compared to free LPO. Apparent Km and Vmax of LPO also indicated that the immobilized enzyme had greater affinity to the substrate than the native enzyme.Conclusions
Graphene oxide nanosheets are effective means for immobilization of LPO.9.
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Rapid and accurate strain identification is paramount in the battle against microbial outbreaks, and several subtyping approaches have been developed. One such method uses clustered regular interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs), DNA repeat elements that are present in approximately half of all bacteria. Though their signature function is as an adaptive immune system against invading DNA such as bacteriophages and plasmids, CRISPRs also provide an excellent framework for pathogen tracking and evolutionary studies. Analysis of the spacer DNA sequences that reside between the repeats has been tremendously useful for bacterial subtyping during molecular epidemiological investigations. Subtyping, or strain identification, using CRISPRs has been employed in diverse Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Salmonella enterica, and the plant pathogen Erwinia amylovora. This review discusses the several ways in which CRISPR sequences are exploited for subtyping. This includes the well-established spoligotyping methodologies that have been used for 2 decades to type Mycobacterium species, as well as in-depth consideration of newer, higher-throughput CRISPR-based protocols. 相似文献