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1.
KV Thomas 《Biofouling》2013,29(1):73-86
Antifouling paint booster biocides are a group of organic compounds added to antifouling paints to improve their efficacy. They have become prevalent since the requirement for alternative antifouling paints formulations for small boats (< 25 m). This need followed a ban on the use of triorganotin biocides in antifouling paints for small boats, in the late 1980's. Worldwide, around eighteen compounds are currently used as antifouling biocides, viz. benzmethylamide, chlorothalonil, copper pyrithione, dichlofluanid, diuron, fluorofolpet, Irgarol 1051, Sea‐Nine 211, Mancozeb, Polyphase, pyridine‐triphenyl‐borane, TCMS (2,3,5,6‐tetrachloro‐4‐methylsulfonyl) pyridine, TCMTB [2‐(thiocyanomethylthio)benzothia‐zole], Thiram, tolyfluanid, zinc pyrithione (ZPT), ziram and Zineb. Any booster biocide released into the environment is subjected to a complex set of processes. These processes include transport mechanisms, transformation, degradation, cross media partitioning, and bioaccumulation. This paper reviews the fate and behaviour data currently available in the public domain concerning antifouling paint booster biocides. 相似文献
2.
Background
The function of proteins is a direct consequence of their three-dimensional structure. The structural classification of proteins describes the ways of folding patterns all proteins could adopt. Although, the protein folds were described in many ways the functional properties of individual folds were not studied.Results
We have analyzed two β-barrel folds generally adopted by small proteins to be looking similar but have different topology. On the basis of the topology they could be divided into two different folds named SH3-fold and OB-fold. There was no sequence homology between any of the proteins considered. The sequence diversity and loop variability was found to be important for various binding functions.Conclusions
The function of Oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding (OB) fold proteins was restricted to either DNA/RNA binding or sugar binding whereas the Src homology 3 (SH3) domain like proteins bind to a variety of ligands through loop modulations. A question was raised whether the evolution of these two folds was through DNA shuffling. 相似文献3.
Dworniczek E Piwowarczyk J Bania J Kowalska-Krochmal B Wałecka E Seniuk A Dolna I Gościniak G 《Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica》2012,59(2):263-269
Enterococci, a complex group of facultative pathogens have become increasingly isolated in various hospital settings. They are considerable frequently cultured from traumatic and surgical wounds. We investigated 57 strains of the species E. faecalis, E. faecium and E. casseliflavus isolated from infected wounds. Their ability to produce virulence factors and their sensitivity to antibiotics were evaluated using phenotypic and genotyping methods. In the phenotype studies, significant portion of the isolates produced biofilm (66.7%) and gelatinase (36.8%). Nearly 30% of the strains expressed hemolytic properties. Only a few produced DNAse (15.8%) and lipase (7.0%). The genes esp, gelE, cylA, cylB, cylM and agg were detected in most of the isolates (38.6-87.7%). All the isolated enterococci were susceptible to vancomycin and were characterized by their low resistance to antibiotics, except aminoglycosides (HLR). 相似文献
4.
Basavegowdanadoddi Marinaik Chandranaik Sonnahallipura Munivenkatappa Byregowda Mudalagiri Dasappagupta Venkatesha Kantharajapura Ramanna Ramesha Poojappa Nandini Poorvi Reddy Thushara Bindu KV Beechagondahalli Papanna Shivashankar Byadarahalli Puttaswamy Shankar Methuku Sobha Rani 《European Journal of Wildlife Research》2018,64(1):4
We report the molecular epidemiology of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus involved in an outbreak causing death in free-ranging wild birds at Mysore, Karnataka state of India. The virus was typed as HPAI A(H5N8) by conventional and TaqMan probe based real-time PCR assays. Six isolates of HPAI virus were recovered in 9-day-old embryonated chicken eggs. Haemagglutinin gene-based phylogeny of virus isolates showed >?99.9% nucleotide sequence identity with HPAI A(H5N8) isolates from migratory birds and domestic poultry from China and Korea indicating either these wild birds have routed their migration through Korea and/or eastern China or these dead birds must have directly or indirectly contacted with wild birds migrating from Eastern China and/or Korean regions. The study emphasises the role of migratory wild birds in spread of HPAI across the globe. 相似文献
5.
E. Dworniczek M. Frączek A. Seniuk J. Kassner B. Sobieszczańska J. Adamski U. Ciesielska 《Folia microbiologica》2009,54(6):559-562
The possible presence of biofilms was examined in mucosal specimens of 15 patients, undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery or a modified Caldwell-Luc approach for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Biofilms were found in 7 of the 15 patients, positive cultures being obtained in most samples, which supports the role of biofilms as an important factor in the pathogenesis of CRS. 相似文献
6.
It is supposed that determination of antibody-dependent cellular-mediated cytotoxicity and spontaneous cellular-mediated cytotoxicity in the peripheral blood is non-informative for early diagnosis of acute rejection crisis. Activity of K- and NK-cells in peripheral blood is observed to increase during a peak of the rejection crisis. While studying cellular infiltrate obtained from the transplanted kidney, activity of K- and NK-cells is shown to considerably increase in the rejected transplants, which can testify that they contribute much in the loss of the allotransplant function. 相似文献
7.
Bień M Pruchnik FP Seniuk A Lachowicz TM Jakimowicz P 《Journal of inorganic biochemistry》1999,73(1-2):49-55
Binuclear rhodium (II) complexes, [Rh2(OOCPh)2(phen)2(H2O)2] (OOCPh)2 (1), [Rh2(OOCPh)2(bpy)2(H2O)2] (OOCPh)2 (2), [Rh2(OOCBu(n))2 (bpy)2(H2O)2] (OOCBu(n)2 (3), and [Rh2(OOCPr(n)2 (phen)2(H2O)2] (OOCPr(n)2 (4) (Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline and bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), have been synthesized and characterized using NMR, IR and electronic spectra. Activity of these compounds against Gram-positive bacteria decreases in the order: 1?2?3 > 4. Complex 1 is active against many Staphylococcus strains resistant to commonly used antibiotics. The complexes 1-4 are much less active agents against Gram-negative bacteria. 相似文献
8.
Seniuk OF Revina AA Tarasenko PD Kovalev IF Seniuk KV Korzh SN 《Radiatsionnaia biologiia, radioecologiia / Rossi?skaia akademiia nauk》2000,40(2):197-203
The aim of the work was to examine immunotropic features of celluroplasmine++ (Cp) and estimate its capacity as radioprotector. The pulse radiolysis method was used to set the mechanism of elementary reactions, which were responsible for antioxidant activity, and to demonstrate a particular role of reversible oxycomplexis, Cp...O2. Within in vitro test-systems the effects of Cp were examined on the model of interaction between lymphocytes from Shelter staff which constantly contacts with ionizing irradiation, and autologous erythrocytes in rosset-forming phenomenon (223 Shelter employees in comparison with 253 donors of Kyiv blood transfucion station). Expression of this Index in the presence of antigens with known poly-specificity was determined (antigens were taken from cortical and pyramid sections of kidney, liver, lungs, myocard, pancreatic gland, grey matter and aorta). Simultaneously the presence of analogous autoantibodies was determined (ELISA). It has been shown that Cp can reprogram the level of expression of immunovaluable receptors towards to norm. It has been also defined that Cp presence in blood irradiated in vitro (1-15 rem) promotes the masking of active centers of autoantibodies of different tissue specificity. 相似文献
9.
Bruntje Lüdtke Isabelle Moser Diego Santiago-Alarcon Markus Fischer Elisabeth KV. Kalko H. Martin Schaefer Marcela Suarez-Rubio Marco Tschapka Swen C. Renner 《PloS one》2013,8(12)
Human-induced forest modification can alter parasite-host interactions and might change the persistence of host populations. We captured individuals of two widespread European passerines (Fringilla coelebs and Sylvia atricapilla) in southwestern Germany to disentangle the associations of forest types and parasitism by haemosporidian parasites on the body condition of birds. We compared parasite prevalence and parasite intensity, fluctuating asymmetries, leukocyte numbers, and the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (H/L-ratio) among individuals from beech, mixed-deciduous and spruce forest stands. Based on the biology of bird species, we expected to find fewer infected individuals in beech or mixed-deciduous than in spruce forest stands. We found the highest parasite prevalence and intensity in beech forests for F. coelebs. Although, we found the highest prevalence in spruce forests for S. atricapilla, the highest intensity was detected in beech forests, partially supporting our hypothesis. Other body condition or health status metrics, such as the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (H/L-ratio), revealed only slight differences between bird populations inhabiting the three different forest types, with the highest values in spruce for F. coelebs and in mixed-deciduous forests for S. atricapilla. A comparison of parasitized versus non-parasitized individuals suggests that parasite infection increased the immune response of a bird, which was detectable as high H/L-ratio. Higher infections with blood parasites for S. atricapilla in spruce forest indicate that this forest type might be a less suitable habitat than beech and mixed-deciduous forests, whereas beech forests seem to be a suboptimal habitat regarding parasitism for F. coelebs. 相似文献
10.