A chemosystematic study of some geraniaceae

The flavonoids of five Geranium, fourteen Erodium and four Monsonia species were studied. Quercetin was the most common aglycone with lesse     

A comparative study on the antioxidant effects of hesperidin and ellagic acid against skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury

Abstract

The antioxidant effects of ellagic acid (EA) and hesperidin (HES) against skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) were performed. Hindlimb ischemia has been induced by tourniquet occlusion for 2?h on left hindlimb. At the end of ischemia, the tourniquate has been removed and initiated reperfusion for 2?h. EA (100?mg/kg) has been applied orally before ischemia/reperfusion in the EA?+?I/R group. HES (100?mg/kg) has been given orally in the HES?+?I/R group. The left gastrocnemius muscle has been harvested and stored immediately at??80?°C until assessed for the levels of MDA and antioxidant enzymes activities. MDA level has statistically increased in I/R group (p?<?0.05) compared to other groups. The muscle tissue antioxidant enzymes activities were lower than the other groups in the I/R group (p?<?0.05). EA and HES treatments significantly reversed the damage level in I/R, also activity of tissue SOD increased in the EA?+?I/R and HES?+?I/R groups.     

Small mitochondrial DNA molecules of wild abortive cytoplasm in rice are not necessarily associated with CMS

Summary Mitochondrial DNA was isolated from leaf tissue of both the cytoplasmic male sterile line of Indica rice variety V41, which carries wild abortive (WA) cytoplasm, and from the corresponding maintainer line. In addition to the main mitochondrial DNA, four small plasmid-like DNA molecules were detected in both the male sterile and fertile lines. Restriction analysis of total mitochondrial DNA from the male sterile and fertile lines showed DNA fragments unique to each. Our findings suggest that the four small mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecules are conserved when WA cytoplasm is transferred into different nuclear backgrounds. However, there is no simple correlation between the presence/ absence of small mitochondrial DNA molecules and the expression of WA cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS).     

A phase II trial of murine monoclonal antibody 17-1A and interferon-γ: Clinical and immunological data

Summary A group of 15 patients with metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma received a combination of interferon (0.1 mg/m², days 1–15) and the murine monoclonal antibody 17-1A (400 mg, days 5, 7, 9 and 12). The treatment was tolerated with minimal toxicity. Of the 14 evaluable patients, 13 developed human antibody to murine 17-1A, with 11 patients demonstrating antibody to the variable region of 17-1A (anti-idiotype). Antibody to the variable region was inhibited by 17-1A but not by mouse immunoglobulin. Sera from patients with substantial anti-idiotype reactivity were capable of inhibiting the binding of murine 17-1A to antigen expressing LS174-T cells thus indicating the presence of antibody directed against the 17-1A combining site (mirror-image anti-idiotype). The median survival of the whole group was 56 weeks and there was no correlation between clinical response/survival and the development of anti-idiotype antibody.Supported by the Veterans Administration Medical Center and by Public Health Services grant CA 45 232 from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services     

Flavonoid variations in Avena species

Twenty-five Avena species were investigated for their flavonoids. The flavonoids identified were vitexin, isovitexin, vitexin 2″-rhamnoside, isovitexin 2″-arabinoside, isoswertisin 2″-rhamnoside, tricin 5-glucoside, tricin 7-glucoside and tricin 7-diglucoside. Chemosystematic relationships are discussed.     

Resistance of some common fungi to gamma irradiation

Ten species of fungi representing the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Caldosporium, Curvularia, Fusarium, and Penicillium were examined for their relative resistance to gamma irradiation from a 137Cs source. Inactivation doses for dematiaceous fungi in agar medium ranged from 0.6 to greater than 1.7 megarads, whereas those for moniliaceous fungi were less than 0.3 megarad. D10 values (the dose required to reduce the inoculum by 1 log) for Curvularia geniculata (greater than 0.29 megarad) exceeded those for control spores of Bacillus pumilus (0.15 megarad).     

Isolation and expression of linked zinc finger gene clusters on human chromosome 11q

Proteins that share conserved "zinc finger" motifs represent a class of DNA-binding proteins that have been shown to play a fundamental role in regulating gene expression and to be involved in a number of human hereditary and malignant disease states. We have isolated, characterized, and mapped zinc finger-encoding genes specific to human chromosome 11q to investigate their possible association in the molecular pathogenesis of several disease loci mapped to this chromosome. An arrayed chromosome 11q cosmid library was screened using a degenerate oligonucleotide corresponding to the H/C link consensus sequence of the Drosophila Kruppel zinc finger gene, resulting in the isolation of six putative zinc finger genes. Three of the genes (ZNF123, ZNF125, and ZNF126) were analyzed and shown to contain tandemly repeated zinc finger motifs of the C2-H2 class. All three novel genes were found to be expressed in normal adult human tissues, although the tissue-specific pattern of expression differs markedly. Isolated zinc finger genes were regionally mapped on chromosome 11 using fluorescence in situ suppression hybridization and demonstrated clustering of the genes at 11q13.3-11q13.4 and 11q23.1-11q23.2. Analysis of in situ hybridization to interphase nuclei demonstrated a maximum distance of 1 Mb separating distinct finger genes. This analysis defines two linked multigene families of zinc finger genes to chromosome bands associated with a high frequency of specific translocations associated with malignancies.     

Xylem and Phloem Import of Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+ and Sb(SO4)2- in Tomato Fruits: Differential Contributions from Stem and Leaf

Wolterbeek, H. Th. and De Bruin, M. 1986. Xylem and phloem importof Na⁺, K⁺ , Rb⁺, Cs⁺ and in tomato fruits: differential contributions from stem and leaf.—J.exp. Bot. 37: 928–939. The transport of Na⁺, K⁺, Rb⁺, Cs⁺ and into developing fruits of tomato (an inbred lineof Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Tiny Tim) was measured.Element solutions were introduced into the transpiration streamthrough the cut stem bases of plant parts consisting of a stempart with single green fruit, both with and without attachedfully expanded leaf. Measurements were carried out of the accumulationin the fruit of the gamma-ray emitting radiotracers ²⁴Na⁺, ⁴²K⁺,⁸⁶Rb⁺, ¹³⁴Cs⁺ and The transport into the fruit was expressed by a single parameter taking intoaccount volume flows varying with time and experiments. Xylemto phloem transfer in the stem as a source of fruit elementsupply was shown to be inversely related with the velocity offlow of the stem xylem. The results also indicated that thetransfer system in the stem was more rapidly equilibrated thanit was in the leaf. Stem loading of the phloem is suggested as a possible mechanismregulating the solute influx in fruits under varying flow velocitiesof the stem xylem, while fruit influx of phloem solutes, whichwere loaded in the leaf, may play a major role in influx regulationunder conditions of varying solute concentrations. Key words: Alkali ions, tomato fruits, stem and leaf phloem loading     

Changes in Abscisic Acid Content in Axis and Cotyledons of Developing Phaseolus vulgaris Embryos and their Physiological Consequences

Prevost, I. and Le Page–Degivry, M. Th. 1985. Changesin absicisic acid content in axis and cotyledons of developingPhaseolus vulgaris embryos and their physiological consequences.—J.exp. Bot. 36: 1900–1905.Changes in abscisic acid (ABA)content with time were measured in embryonic axes and in cotyledonsof Phaseolus vulgaris embryos using a radio–immunoassay.During embryogenesis, a similar pattern was observed in bothtissues: ABA increased to a maximum 29 d after an thesis, followedby a decrease as the seed matured. The level of ABA in the cotyledonswas always much higher than that in the axes. In in vitro cultures,the duration of the lag phase before germination of isolatedembryonic axes increased with ABA content. The presence of cotyledonsalways lengthened the lag phase; longer lag phases were associatedwith greater concentrations of ABA in the cotyledons. Moreoverthe presence of cotyledons stimulated the growth of seedlings. Key words: ABA distribution, embryo maturation, axis and embryo germinability