Purification and Production of Novel Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory Bioactive Peptides Derived from Fermented Goat Milk

International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - In the study, five different Lactobacillus cultures i.e. L. rhamnosus (NK2) (KR080695), L. casei (NK9) (KR732325), L. fermentum (M5)...     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In Silico</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">In vitro</Emphasis> Analysis of Novel Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitory Bioactive Peptides Derived from Fermented Camel Milk (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Camelus dromedarius</Emphasis>)

In this study, Lactobacillus bulgaricus NCDC (09) and Lactobacillus fermentum TDS030603 (LBF) were evaluated for their ACE-inhibitory activity and peptides production under optimized conditions from fermented camel milk (Camelus dromedarius). Lactic cultures were evaluated for their pepX activity, proteolytic activity and ACE-inhibitory activity. 09 culture exhibited higher PepX and ACE-inhibitory activity than LBF. 2% rate of inoculation and 12 h of incubation were optimized on the basis of pepX and proteolytic activity. Purified peptides from fermented camel milk were characterized by amino acids profiling through the search in BlastP, Protein information resource (PIR) databases. ACE-inhibitory activity of different peptides from fermented camel milk were also confirmed by the database of antihypertensive peptides (AHTPDB). Fermented camel milk produced by Lactobacillus cultures could be a novel source of ACE-inhibitory peptides.     

Impact of Proteolytic <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lactobacillus helveticus</Emphasis> MTCC5463 on Production of Bioactive Peptides Derived from Honey Based Fermented Milk

In this study, Lactobacillus helveticus MTCC5463 was evaluated for its proteolytic activity and production of bioactive peptides during fermentation of honey supplemented milk under specified growth conditions. Generally, lactic acid bacteria have a strong proteolytic system. However, L. helveticus MTCC5463 showed maximum proteolytic activity at 4 % level of honey supplementation compared to 6 % and control. Similarly, water soluble extract derived from fermented honey based milks exhibited different level of bioactive peptides productions during fermentation. L. helveticus MTCC5463 showed maximum peptides production at 4 % level of honey supplementation compared to control during HPLC analysis and LC–MS analysis.     

In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of Novel ACE-Inhibitory Bioactive Peptides Derived from Fermented Goat Milk

In the study, two Lactobacillus cultures i.e. L. casei (NK9) and L. fermentum (LF) were studied for their proteolytic activity, di and tripeptidase activity, ACE-inhibitory activity and peptides production under optimized growth condition from fermented goat milk (Capra aegagrus hircus). NK9 and LF were found to be a strong proteolytic culture with 2.0% rate of inoculation after 48 h. LF (10 kDa retentate) produced maximum peptides among all the retentates of the fermented goat milk. Goat milk fermented with NK9 (10 kDa permeates) exhibited peptide sequence i.e. AFPEHK which had ACE inhibitory activity, matched with goat milk protein databases of AHTPDB. However, L. casei (NK9) and L. fermentum (LF) could be explored for the production of ACE inhibitory peptides from fermented goat milk.     

Influence of Whey Protein Concentrate on the Production of Antibacterial Peptides Derived from Fermented Milk by Lactic Acid Bacteria

In the study, growth, proteolysis and antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria were evaluated in skim milk medium supplemented with different concentration of whey protein concentrate (WPC 70). Lactobacillus helveticus (V3) showed maximum pH reduction with 1% WPC. Lactobacillus rhamnosus (NS4) also produced maximum lactic acid production and viable cells counts at 1 and 1.5% WPC, respectively. However, V3 showed maximum proteolytic activity with 1.5% WPC. Streptococcus thermophilus (MD2) was found to exhibit maximum antimicrobial activity with 1.5% WPC. Peptides formed during fermentation were purified by RP-HPLC and identified using RP-LC/MS analysis. Antimicrobial peptide was identified as lactoferrin, which was found in fermented milk supplemented with 1.5% WPC by NS4.     

Development and validation of EST-derived SSR markers and diversity analysis in cluster bean (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cyamopsis tetragonoloba</Emphasis>)

Cluster bean/guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), has an important place in industry because of its seeds, which contain galactomannan (guar gum) rich endosperm. Guar gum, an important ingredient of many products, is purely an export oriented commodity. Development of molecular markers for this crop is essential to accelerate breeding for guar gum content in seeds. A total of 100 novel primers pairs were developed from 16,476 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) sequence of cluster bean. A total of 50 primers pairs with function annotation of gum synthesis were selected and validated on a panel of 32 genotypes. Among the 50 primers 39 primers were amplified with a total of 45 loci. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.00 to 0.42 with an average of 0.13. With low polymorphic simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and narrow genetic base, most of the genotypes scattered into three clusters regardless of their geographical origin. Present study showed the existence of very low genetic diversity in cluster bean. The results indicated that there is need to explore SSR markers from whole genome or alternative marker systems like SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) markers, for effective implication of markers in cluster bean breeding.     

Exploring the Potentiality of Lactobacillus Cultures on the Production of Milk-Derived Bioactive Peptides with Antidiabetic Activity

International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - In the study, ten different Lactobacillus cultures were considered for the study of ɑ-amylase, ɑ-glucosidase and pancreatic...