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Janaka?WeragodaEmail author Rohini?Seneviratne Manuj?C.?Weerasinghe SM?Wijeyaratne 《BMC research notes》2016,9(1):508
Background
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an important global health problem and contributes to notable proportion of morbidity and mortality. This particular manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis is largely under diagnosed and undertreated. For sustainable preventive strategies in a country, it is mandatory to identify country-specific risk factors. We intended to assess the risk factors of PAD among adults aged 40–74 years.Methods
This case control study was conducted in 2012–2013 in Sri Lanka. Seventy-nine cases and 158 controls in the age group of 40–74 years were selected for the study in order to have case to control ratio 1:2. The criterion for selecting cases and control was based on Ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI). Cases were selected from those who had ABPI 0.85 or less (ABPI ≤0.85) in either lower limb. Controls were selected from those ABPI score between 1.18 and 1.28 in both lower limbs. Only newly identified individuals with PAD were selected as cases. Controls were selected from the same geographical location and within the 5 year age group as cases.Results
The history of diabetes mellitus more than 10 years (OR 5.8, 95% CI 2.2–14.2), history of dyslipidemia for more than 10 years (OR 4.9, 95% CI 2.1–16.2), history of hypertension for more than 10 years (OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.8–12.7) and smoking (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.2–6.9), elevated HsCRP (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.2–12.0) and hyperhomocysteinemia (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.1–8.1) were revealed as country specific significant risk factor of PAD.Conclusions
Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking as well as elevated homocysteine and HsCRP found as risk factors of PAD. Longer the duration or higher level exposure to these risk factors has increased the risk of PAD. These findings emphasis the need for routine screening of PAD among patients with the identified risk factors.3.
AP Shoko SM Limbu HA Lamtane MA Kishe-Machumu B Sekadende EE Ulotu 《African Journal of Aquatic Science》2019,44(1):15-24
Aquaculture practices from sub-Saharan Africa are characterised by low production, owing to improper technology. Production can be increased through integrating fish farming with other existing on-farm activities, particularly livestock husbandry. We assessed the role of fish-poultry integration on all male Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus growth performance, yields and economic benefits among smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, Tanzania. The study also compared phytoplankton species composition, abundance and biomass between the fish-poultry integration and non-integrated system. After 180 days of the experiment, all male O. niloticus cultured under fish-poultry integration exhibited significantly higher growth rates than those in the non-integrated system (p < 0.05). Gross fish yield (GFY), net fish yield (NFY) and net annual yields (NAY) obtained from fish-poultry integration were significantly higher than those from non-integrated system (p < 0.05). Partial enterprise budget analysis revealed that fish-poultry integration was more profitable than the non-integrated system. Moreover, fish-poultry integrated system produced significantly higher phytoplankton abundance and biomass than those from the non-integrated system. Results demonstrate that rural smallholder farmers can achieve higher growth rate, farm net yields and income by integrating all male O. niloticus with other on-farm activities than practising a stand-alone fish culture system. 相似文献
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Lijuan Sun Sanjay Verma Navin Michael Siew Pang Chan Jianhua Yan Suresh Anand Sadananthan Stefan G. Camps Hui Jen Goh Priya Govindharajulu John Totman David Townsend Julian Pak‐Nam Goh Lei Sun Bernhard Otto Boehm Su Chi Lim Siew Kwan Sze Christiani Jeyakumar Henry Houchun Harry Hu S. Sendhil Velan Melvin Khee‐Shing Leow 《Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)》2019,27(9):1434-1442
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Suresh Anand Sadananthan Mya Thway Tint Navin Michael Izzuddin M. Aris See Ling Loy Kuan Jin Lee Lynette Pei‐Chi Shek Fabian Kok Peng Yap Kok Hian Tan Keith M. Godfrey Melvin Khee‐Shing Leow Yung Seng Lee Michael S. Kramer Peter D. Gluckman Yap Seng Chong Neerja Karnani Christiani Jeyakumar Henry Marielle Valerie Fortier S. Sendhil Velan 《Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)》2019,27(3):470-478
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Platt FM Jeyakumar M Andersson U Heare T Dwek RA Butters TD 《Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences》2003,358(1433):947-954
Substrate reduction therapy uses small molecules to slow the rate of glycolipid biosynthesis. One of these drugs, N-butyldeoxynojirimycin (NB-DNJ), shows efficacy in mouse models of Tay-Sachs, Sandhoff and Fabry diseases. This offers the prospect that NB-DNJ may be of therapeutic benefit, at least in the juvenile and adult onset variants of these disorders. The infantile onset variants will require an additional enzyme-augmenting modality if the pathology is to be significantly improved. A second drug, N-butyldeoxyglactonojirimycin, looks very promising for treating storage diseases with neurological involvement as high systemic dosing is achievable without any side-effects. 相似文献
7.
Sharma MR Jeyakumar LH Fleischer S Wagenknecht T 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2000,275(13):9485-9491
Using cryo-electron microscopy and single particle image processing techniques, we present the first three-dimensional reconstructions of isoform 3 of the ryanodine receptor/calcium release channel (RyR3). Reconstructions were carried out on images obtained from a purified, detergent-solubilized receptor for two different buffer conditions, which were expected to favor open and closed functional states of the channel. As for the heart (RyR2) and skeletal muscle (RyR1) receptor isoforms, RyR3 is a homotetrameric complex comprising two main components, a multidomain cytoplasmic assembly and a smaller ( approximately 20% of the total mass) transmembrane region. Although the isoforms show structural similarities, consistent with the approximately 70% overall sequence identity of the isoforms, detailed comparisons of RyR3 with RyR1 showed one region of highly significant difference between them. This difference indicated additional mass present in RyR1, and it likely corresponds to a region of the RyR1 sequence (residues 1303-1406, known as diversity region 2) that is absent from RyR3. The reconstructions of RyR3 determined under "open" and "closed" conditions were similar to each other in overall architecture. A difference map computed between the two reconstructions reveals subtle changes in conformation at several widely dispersed locations in the receptor, the most prominent of which is a approximately 4 degrees rotation of the transmembrane region with respect to the cytoplasmic assembly. 相似文献
8.
Gene function annotation remains a key challenge in modern biology. This is especially true for high-throughput techniques such as gene expression experiments. Vital information about genes is available electronically from biomedical literature in the form of full texts and abstracts. In addition, various publicly available databases (such as GenBank, Gene Ontology and Entrez) provide access to gene-related information at different levels of biological organization, granularity and data format. This information is being used to assess and interpret the results from high-throughput experiments. To improve keyword extraction for annotational clustering and other types of analyses, we have developed a novel text mining approach, which is based on keywords identified at the level of gene annotation sentences (in particular sentences characterizing biological function) instead of entire abstracts. Further, to improve the expressiveness and usefulness of gene annotation terms, we investigated the combination of sentence-level keywords with terms from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Gene Ontology (GO) resources. We find that sentence-level keywords combined with MeSH terms outperforms the typical 'baseline' set-up (term frequencies at the level of abstracts) by a significant margin, whereas the addition of GO terms improves matters only marginally. We validated our approach on the basis of a manually annotated corpus of 200 abstracts generated on the basis of 2 cancer categories and 10 genes per category. We applied the method in the context of three sets of differentially expressed genes obtained from pediatric brain tumor samples. This analysis suggests novel interpretations of discovered gene expression patterns. 相似文献
9.
Stem cells act through multiple mechanisms to benefit mice with neurodegenerative metabolic disease 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Lee JP Jeyakumar M Gonzalez R Takahashi H Lee PJ Baek RC Clark D Rose H Fu G Clarke J McKercher S Meerloo J Muller FJ Park KI Butters TD Dwek RA Schwartz P Tong G Wenger D Lipton SA Seyfried TN Platt FM Snyder EY 《Nature medicine》2007,13(4):439-447
Intracranial transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) delayed disease onset, preserved motor function, reduced pathology and prolonged survival in a mouse model of Sandhoff disease, a lethal gangliosidosis. Although donor-derived neurons were electrophysiologically active within chimeric regions, the small degree of neuronal replacement alone could not account for the improvement. NSCs also increased brain beta-hexosaminidase levels, reduced ganglioside storage and diminished activated microgliosis. Additionally, when oral glycosphingolipid biosynthesis inhibitors (beta-hexosaminidase substrate inhibitors) were combined with NSC transplantation, substantial synergy resulted. Efficacy extended to human NSCs, both to those isolated directly from the central nervous system (CNS) and to those derived secondarily from embryonic stem cells. Appreciating that NSCs exhibit a broad repertoire of potentially therapeutic actions, of which neuronal replacement is but one, may help in formulating rational multimodal strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. 相似文献
10.