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1.
Yoshifumi Abe Atsuhiko Matsunaga Ryota Matsuzawa Toshiki Kutsuna Shuhei Yamamoto Kei Yoneki Manae Harada Ryoma Ishikawa Takaaki Watanabe Atsushi Yoshida 《PloS one》2016,11(3)
Walking ability is significantly lower in hemodialysis patients compared to healthy people. Decreased walking ability characterized by slow walking speed is associated with adverse clinical events, but determinants of decreased walking speed in hemodialysis patients are unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with slow walking speed in ambulatory hemodialysis patients. Subjects were 122 outpatients (64 men, 58 women; mean age, 68 years) undergoing hemodialysis. Clinical characteristics including comorbidities, motor function (strength, flexibility, and balance), and maximum walking speed (MWS) were measured and compared across sex-specific tertiles of MWS. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine whether clinical characteristics and motor function could discriminate between the lowest, middle, and highest tertiles of MWS. Significant and common factors that discriminated the lowest and highest tertiles of MWS from other categories were presence of cardiac disease (lowest: odds ratio [OR] = 3.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.26–8.83, P<0.05; highest: OR = 2.84, 95% CI = 1.18–6.84, P<0.05), leg strength (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.40–0.95, P<0.05; OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.39–0.82, P<0.01), and standing balance (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.63–0.92, P<0.01; OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.68–0.97, P<0.05). History of fracture (OR = 3.35, 95% CI = 1.08–10.38; P<0.05) was a significant factor only in the lowest tertile. Cardiac disease, history of fracture, decreased leg strength, and poor standing balance were independently associated with slow walking speed in ambulatory hemodialysis patients. These findings provide useful data for planning effective therapeutic regimens to prevent decreases in walking ability in ambulatory hemodialysis patients. 相似文献
2.
实夜蛾属二近缘种对寄主植物次生物质的反应:次生物质对幼虫生长和食物利用的影响 总被引:13,自引:3,他引:10
实夜蛾属(Heliothis)的棉铃虫(H. armigcra)和烟青虫(H. assulta)是近缘种,幼虫期取食多种相同的植物,其中含有不同的次生物质.本项工作是在人工饲料中分别加入0.5%的烟碱、番茄苷、棉子酚、丹宁酸等饲养早期六龄的幼虫,测定它们对生长和食物利用的影响.结果表明这些次生物质对两种幼虫有不同的作用:烟碱对棉铃虫没有明显影响,但对烟青虫的取食却有一定的刺激作用.丹宁酸、棉子酚、番茄苷可抑制两种幼虫的生长,而以番茄苷抑制烟青虫的生长最为显著.番茄苷主要通过抑制取食来影响幼虫的生长,而丹宁酸和棉子酚则具有降低消化率的作用.通过次生物质对这两种幼虫效应的比较可知,棉铃虫有较大的忍耐力. 相似文献
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从石灰菌(Lactarius hysginus Fr.)提取物的中性部分,分离得到六个化合物,经物理常数和光谱分析,鉴定为麦角甾醇(A)、硬脂酸甲脂(B)、N-苯基-2-萘胺(C)、24E-麦角甾7,22-二烯-6-酮一3β,5α-二醇(D)、庚酰胺(E)、24E-麦角甾-7.22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(F),其中化合物D作为天然产物尚未见文献报道。 相似文献
5.
模拟5000m中度缺氧时,大鼠右室功能显著加强,而左室功能加强不显著;左右心室肌原纤维Ca2+,Mg2+-ATP酶活性下降,肌球蛋白同功酶V2和V3百分含量增加,V1百分含量减少。8000m重度缺氧时,右室功能减弱,但无统计学意义,左室功能减弱有显著性;ATP酶活性和同功酶的变化超过5000m组。此外,右室ATP酶活性与PAP呈反比且有显著性,左室ATP酶活性与CASP虽也呈反比但无显著性;右室同功酶V3百分含量与PAP呈正比,左室同功酶V3百分含量与CASP不呈比例。上述结果表明,因短期突发严重缺氧引起的心肌供氧不足对左心室心肌的直接损伤作用大于右心室心肌。 相似文献
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7.
Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) have attracted strong interest in recent years as novel nanoparticle delivery platforms. Glycine is known to induce morphological changes in the outer layer of bacteria. We report here that glycine dramatically facilitates MV production in a flagella-deficient mutant of the non-pathogenic probiotic Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917. Supplementation of culture medium with 1.0% glycine induced cell deformation at the early exponential phase, eventually followed by quasi-lysis during the late exponential to stationary phase. Glycine supplementation also significantly increased the number of MVs with enlarged particle size and altered the protein profile with an increase in the inner membrane and cytoplasmic protein contents as compared to non-induced MVs. Of note, the endotoxin activity of glycine-induced MVs was approximately eightfold or sixfold lower than that of non-induced MVs when compared at equal protein or lipid concentrations respectively. Nevertheless, glycine-induced MVs efficiently induced both immune responses in a mouse macrophage-like cell line and adjuvanticity in an intranasal vaccine mouse model, comparable to those of non-induced MVs. We propose that the present method of inducing MV production with glycine can be used for emerging biotechnological applications of MVs that have immunomodulatory activities, while dramatically reducing the presence of endotoxins. 相似文献
8.
Shinichi Mochizuki Naho Kanegae Koichi Nishina Yumi Kamikawa Kazunori Koiwai Hiroyasu Masunaga Kazuo Sakurai 《生物化学与生物物理学报:生物膜》2013,1828(2):412-418
Gene therapy is expected to treat various incurable diseases including viral infections, autoimmune disorders, and cancers. Cationic lipids (CL) have been used as carriers of therapeutic DNAs for gene therapy because they can form a complex with DNA and such a complex can be incorporated into cells and transport the bound DNA to cytosol. The CL/DNA complexes are called lipoplexes and categorized as a non-viral vector. Lipoplexes are often prepared by adding a neutral phospholipid dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) to CL in order to enhance transfection. However, the role of DOPE is not fully understood. We synthesized a new CL having an ethylenediamine cationic head group, denoted by DA, and found that addition of DOPE to DA achieved a good efficiency, almost in the similar level of commonly used transfection reagent Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen). The composition of DA:DOPE = 1:1 showed the highest efficiency. This lipoplex showed structural transition when pH was changed from 7 to 4, corresponding pH lowering in late endosome, while DOPE itself showed structural transition at more basic pH around 8. The present data showed that the DOPE/DA composition determines the structural transition pH and choosing a suitable pH, i.e., a suitable composition, is essential to increase the transfection efficiency. 相似文献
9.
Megan E. Dumas Geng-Yuan Chen Nicole D. Kendrick George Xu Scott D. Larsen Somnath Jana Alex G. Waterson Joshua A. Bauer William Hancock Gary A. Sulikowski Ryoma Ohi 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2019,29(2):148-154
The mitotic spindle is a microtubule-based machine that segregates a replicated set of chromosomes during cell division. Many cancer drugs alter or disrupt the microtubules that form the mitotic spindle. Microtubule-dependent molecular motors that function during mitosis are logical alternative mitotic targets for drug development. Eg5 (Kinesin-5) and Kif15 (Kinesin-12), in particular, are an attractive pair of motor proteins, as they work in concert to drive centrosome separation and promote spindle bipolarity. Furthermore, we hypothesize that the clinical failure of Eg5 inhibitors may be (in part) due to compensation by Kif15. In order to test this idea, we screened a small library of kinase inhibitors and identified GW108X, an oxindole that inhibits Kif15 in vitro. We show that GW108X has a distinct mechanism of action compared with a commercially available Kif15 inhibitor, Kif15-IN-1 and may serve as a lead with which to further develop Kif15 inhibitors as clinically relevant agents. 相似文献
10.
化学方法合成是新药研发的一种重要途径。结合抗肿瘤药物的作用机制以及蒽醌类衍生物的构效关系,设计合成了一类新的蒽醌类衍生物1-硝基-2-酰基蒽醌-缬氨酸(简称C3),发现其具有很好的抗肿瘤活性。为了确定蒽醌类衍生物C3对结肠癌HCT116和HT29细胞的作用及其分子机制,首先通过MTT比色法检测C3对结肠癌HCT116和HT29细胞活性的影响。结果显示,C3对这两种结肠癌细胞具有明显的抑制作用,呈时间和剂量依赖性。60μg/mL的C3处理HCT116和HT29细胞48 h,细胞活性分别是50.67%和59.77%,达到了半抑制浓度;同时,其细胞形态和细胞核发生明显变化。进一步采用Western印迹和qRT-PCR技术,检测C3对DNA切除修复交叉互补1(excision repair cross-complementation group 1,ERCC1)转录水平和蛋白质水平表达及其稳定性的影响。结果表明,C3降低了ERCC1转录水平和蛋白质水平的表达,并且减弱了ERCC1转录水平和蛋白质水平的稳定性。最后,用U0126(MEK1/2抑制剂)和C3联合作用结肠癌HCT116和HT29细胞,通过Western印迹检测ERCC1蛋白质水平的表达。结果表明,C3通过降低p-ERK1/2的蛋白质水平的表达,从而抑制ERCC1的表达。上述结果证明,C3通过细胞外调节蛋白激酶(extracellular regulated protein kinases, ERK1/2)信号通路,降低了ERCC1转录水平和蛋白质水平的稳定性,使ERCC1转录水平和蛋白质水平表达发生下调,进而抑制结肠癌HCT116和HT29细胞的活性。 相似文献