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1.
G Parlato R Pizzano D Picone J Guesnet O Fasano A Parmeggiani 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1983,258(2):995-1000
In this work we show that intact aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA) and its 3' half-molecule, but not its 3' C-C-A-aa fragment, require selective ionic conditions for stimulating the mRNA-independent GTPase of elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) in the presence of ribosomes.l Stimulation by aa-tRNA and its 3' half-molecule is only observed at 20 and 30 mM Mg2+ and not at 10 mM, where they exert inhibitory activity; by contrast, C-C-A-aa enhances the GTPase activity at all three of these Mg2+ concentrations. Ammonium ion is needed for stimulation by C-C-A-aa, whereas it inhibits the stimulation by aa-tRNA and its 3' half-molecule. The concentration of aminoacylated fragments needed for half-maximum stimulation follows this order: A-Val much greater than C-A-Val greater than C-C-A-Val much greater than 3' Val-tRNA1Val half-molecule greater than Val-tRNA1Val. The extent of maximum stimulation of the EF-Tu GTPase in the presence of ribosomes varies moderately depending on the aa-tRNA species; a clear dependence on the nature of the aminoacyl side chain is observed in the effects of their respective C-C-A-aa fragments tested (C-C-A-Arg, C-C-A-Val, C-C-A-Phe, C-C-A-Met, C-C-A-Lys). In the absence of ribosomes and at low [Mg2+], the one-round GTP hydrolysis by EF-Tu is enhanced by C-C-A-aa fragments, whereas it is inhibited by the corresponding aa-tRNAs. Our results suggest that besides the 3' aminoacylated extremity another region(s) of the aa-tRNA molecule controls the GTPase of EF-Tu. The "unspecific" stimulation by C-C-A-aa and the "specific," aa-tRNA-like effect of the 3' aa-tRNA half-molecule point to the importance of the T chi C loop and stem, as well as of the adjacent regions for the regulation of this function. 相似文献
2.
3.
Elena Albertazzi Rosanna Cardillo Stefano Servi Gioia Zucchi 《Biotechnology letters》1994,16(5):491-496
Summary 2-Phenylethanol and 2-phenylethylacetate important aroma components are obtained in substantial amounts whenHansenula anomala CBS 110 andKloeckera saturnus CBS 5761 are grown with L-phenylalanine as sole nitrogen source. Up to 2 g/L of mixtures of alcohol and ester are obtained. While in the first microorganism the alcohol predominates, in the second the acetate is formed almost exclusively. Experiments with 1-13C-d-Glucose show complete incorporation of the label into the methyl group of the acetate. 相似文献
4.
Elisabetta Zennaro Ilaria Ciabatti Francesca Cutruzzola Rosanna D'Alessandro Maria Chiara Silvestrini 《FEMS microbiology letters》1993,109(2-3):243-250
Abstract The expression of nitrite reductase has been tested in a wild-type strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pao1) as a function of nitrate concentration under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. Very low levels of basal expression are shown under non-denitrifying conditions (i.e. absence of nitrate, in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions); anaerobiosis is not required for high levels of enzyme production in the presence of nitrate. A Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain, mutated in the nitrite reductase gene, has been obtained by gene replacement. This mutant, the first of this species described up to now, is unable to grow under anaerobic conditions in the presence of nitrate. The anaerobic growth can be restored by complementation with the wild-type gene. 相似文献
5.
Riassunto La scheda morfopalinologica diSequoia sempervirens (Lamb.) Endl. continua lo studio sulle Pinohyta ornamentali più frequenti in Torino. È esaminato polline fresco ed acetolizzato proveniente da due stazioni e la provenienza non determina variazioni significative dei parametri morfometrici.
Summary The morphopalynological card ofSequoia sempervirens (Lamb.) Endl. is a new contribution to the comprehensive study on pollen of ornamental Pinophyta in Turin. Fresh and acetolysed grains from two stations are examined, and for all parameters no significative differences were observed in relation to the collection site.
Parole chiave: Sequoia sempervirens(Lamb.) Endl., Flora Palinologica Italina, Sezione Aeropalinologica. 相似文献
6.
Roberta Bertelli Fabrizio Ginevri Rosanna Gusmano Gian Marco Ghiggeri 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal》1991,27(10):799-804
Summary It has been suggested that the generation of toxic radicals plays an important role in toxicity by Adriamycin (ADR) on cancer
cell lines and in vivo. We have examined the role of free radicals in determining toxicity and resistance to ADR of rat glomerular
epithelial cells in culture; this method provides a good model for analyzing the mechanisms responsible for ADR experimental
nephrosis in rats. Three points were established: a) the intra- or extracellular site of ADR toxicity; b) the role of the
superoxide anion and of the hydroxyl radical in determining intra- and-extracellular cytotoxicity; and c) the implication
of oxido-reduction cycling as a potential route for ADR semiquinone transformation. Free ADR was found to induce the same
inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA as ADR bound to an agarose macroporous bed which prevents the intracellular incorporation
of the drug. Specific scavenging of free radical activity by the enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase, the hydroxyl radical
inhibitors dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylthiourea (DMTU) and by chelation of intracellular free iron with deferoxamine produced
only a partial restoration of [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA, which was maximal for DMTU (30% of normal incorporation). DMTU treatment was unsuccessful
in preventing the extracellular cytostatic effect of ADR. Finally, glomerular epithelial cell killing (51Cr-release method) by 5-iminodaunorubicin, an ADR analogue with a modified quinone function that prohibits oxido-reduction
cycling, was higher than unmodified ADR. These results indicate that ADR may exert its cytotoxic effects on glomerular epithelial
cells by interaction at the cell surface, whereas the intracellular compartment, principally DNA, does not seem to be the
target of ADR effects. They also suggest that the free radicals are in part responsible for ADR intracellular cytotoxicity,
but other mechanisms should also be hypothesized. Finally, the participation of the ADR semiquinone radical in oxido-reduction
cycling seems not important for the induction of the cellular damage. 相似文献
7.
Effect of Kainic Acid, Glutamate, and Aspartate on CO2 Production by Goldfish Tectal Slices 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Paolo Migani Alessandro Poli Antonio Contestabile Rosanna Bissoli Giuliana Cristini Ottavio Barnabei 《Journal of neurochemistry》1982,39(4):970-975
For a study of the excitatory effect of kainate, glutamate, and aspartate in the goldfish optic tectum, these substances were tested on the production of CO2 from radioactive glucose in tectal slices incubated in Krebs-Ringer medium for fish. Kainate increased the rate of CO2 production for up to 30 min in a dose-related manner, the effect being maximum at 0.1 mM concentration and decreasing at higher doses. The effect was blocked by ouabain (1 mM) as well as by the substitution of choline for Na+ in the incubation medium. Glutamate and aspartate exerted a less pronounced excitatory effect on CO2 production at higher concentration than kainate. This effect was also abolished by ouabain. Glutamate, added to the medium at a concentration at least 100-fold higher than kainate, partially reversed the increase in CO2 production induced by kainic acid. No similar effect was noticed for aspartate. The supposed glutamate antagonists glutamic acid diethylester (1 mM) and proline (5 mM) did not affect the excitatory action of kainic acid or exert an antagonistic effect towards glutamate. At higher concentration (10 mM) glutamic acid diethylester increased CO2 production, an effect that was, however, ouabain insensitive. Methyltetrahydrofolic acid (1 mM), a substance reported to compete for the kainate receptor, did not inhibit the effect of kainic acid or increase CO2 production. 相似文献
8.
Stream detritus and Tipula (Diptera) feces were wet-sieved to a 63–250 µm particle size range and mixed in three proportions with ashed sand of the same size to yield food substrates of varying quality. Growth of fourth-instar Stictochironomus annulicrus (Townes) (Diptera: Chironomidae) larvae was used to indicate whether the more nutritious particles were selected from these mixtures. Respective mean relative growth rates on the substrates, in order of decreasing percentage organic matter (i.e. food quality), were: 0.0229, 0.0104 and 0.0004 mg·mg–1d–1. Replicates of the relatively high quality substrate consistently elicited the highest growth rates; animals grew at intermediate rates on medium quality, and slowest on low quality substrates. Thus, this collector does not appear to have selected for food quality under the described experimental conditions. 相似文献
9.
Tiziana Genovese Emanuela Mazzon Emanuela Esposito Rosanna Di Paola Kanneganti Murthy Lewis Neville 《Free radical research》2013,47(7):631-645
The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of a metalloporphyrinic peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst, ww-85, in the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury (SCI) in mice. Spinal cord trauma was induced by the application of vascular clips to the dura via a four-level T5–T8 laminectomy. SCI in mice resulted in severe trauma characterized by oedema, neutrophil infiltration, production of inflammatory mediators, tissue damage and apoptosis. ww-85 treatment (30–300 µg/kg, i.p. 1 h after the SCI) significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner: (1) the degree of spinal cord inflammation and tissue injury, (2) neutrophil infiltration (myeloperoxidase activity), (3) nitrotyrosine formation and PARP activation, (4) pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, (5) NF-κB activation and (6) apoptosis. Moreover, ww-85 significantly ameliorated the recovery of limb function (evaluated by motor recovery score) in a dose-dependent manner. The results demonstrate that ww-85 treatment reduces the development of inflammation and tissue injury associated with spinal cord trauma. 相似文献
10.
Daniela Impellizzeri Emanuela Esposito Rosanna Di Paola Akbar Ahmad Michela Campolo Angelo Peli Valeria Maria Morittu Domenico Britti Salvatore Cuzzocrea 《Arthritis research & therapy》2013,15(6):R192
IntroductionN-palmitoylethanolamine (PEA) is an endogenous fatty acid amide belonging to the family of the N-acylethanolamines (NAEs). Recently, several studies demonstrated that PEA is an important analgesic, antiinflammatory, and neuroprotective mediator. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of co-ultramicronized PEA + luteolin formulation on the modulation of the inflammatory response in mice subjected to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA).MethodsCIA was induced by an intradermally injection of 100 μl of the emulsion (containing 100 μg of bovine type II collagen (CII)) and complete Freund adjuvant (CFA) at the base of the tail. On day 21, a second injection of CII in CFA was administered. Mice subjected to CIA were administered PEA (10 mg/kg 10% ethanol, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) or co-ultramicronized PEA + luteolin (1 mg/kg, i.p.) every 24 hours, starting from day 25 to 35.ResultsMice developed erosive hind-paw arthritis when immunized with CII in CFA. Macroscopic clinical evidence of CIA first appeared as periarticular erythema and edema in the hindpaws. The incidence of CIA was 100% by day 28 in the CII-challenged mice, and the severity of CIA progressed over a 35-day period with a resorption of bone. The histopathology of CIA included erosion of the cartilage at the joint. Treatment with PEA or PEA + luteolin ameliorated the clinical signs at days 26 to 35 and improved histologic status in the joint and paw. The degree of oxidative and nitrosative damage was significantly reduced in PEA + luteolin-treated mice, as indicated by nitrotyrosine and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Plasma levels of the proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were significantly reduced by PEA + luteolin treatment.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that PEA co-ultramicronized with luteolin exerts an antiinflammatory effect during chronic inflammation and ameliorates CIA. 相似文献