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Sébastien N. Ronkart Claude Deroanne Michel Paquot Christian Fougnies Jean-Christophe Lambrechts Christophe S. Blecker 《Food biophysics》2007,2(2-3):83-92
Modulated differential scanning calorimetry, wide angle x-ray scattering, and environmental scanning electron microscopy were
used to investigate the physical and morphological properties of chicory root inulin spray dried under different conditions.
When the feed temperature increased up to 80 °C, the average degree of polymerization of the solubilized fraction increased,
leading to a higher glass transition temperature (Tg). Above 80 °C, the samples were completely amorphous, and the Tg did
not change. The starting material was semicrystalline, and the melting region was composed of a dual endotherm; the first
peak subsided as the feed temperature increased up to a temperature of 70 °C, whereas above 80 °C, no melting peak was observed
as the samples were completely amorphous. To a lesser extent, the inlet air temperature of 230 °C allowed a higher amorphous
content of the samples than at 120–170 °C but induced a blow-out of the particles. 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to determine the first effect of lead on microbial activity in soil. The study was carried out in the soil samples from four different radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radicula, Brassicaceae) fields along the highway in a district (Kadirli, Osmaniye) of the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Turkey. After the calculation of Pb contents, the Pb amounts of the soil samples were brought up to 50 and 100 mg Pb kg?1 by treatment with Pb(NO 3 ) 2 , and the samples for the carbon and the nitrogen mineralization were incubated under controlled conditions (28°C, constant moist). The carbon mineralization was determined by a CO 2 respiration method for 30 days. The nitrogen mineralization was observed in vitro for 6 weeks. The untreated group was statistically different from the 50 and 100 mg Pb kg?1 treatments in the aspect of the C(CO 2 ) outlet during mineralization (P ≤ 0.05), but difference between the 50 and 100 mg Pb kg?1 treatments was not significant. NH 4 -N and NO 3 -N contents of each soil were shown differences between across treatments. Based on these results, it is possible to conclude that the addition of 50 and 100 mg Pb kg?1 provided a toxic effect threshold for the microbial activity into 30 days. 相似文献
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Twelve fungi namelyAlternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A niger, A ochraceus, Actinomucor repens, Capnodoium spp., Curvularia lunata, Fusarium
pallidoroseum, F solani, F verticillioides, Penicillium citrinum and Rhizopus stolonifer were recorded from samples ofAegle marmelos, Aesculus indica, Buchanania lanzan andPinus gerardiana. In case ofPrunus amygdalus only Rstolonifer was recorded. A significant variation in pattern of mycoflora incidence was observed in terms of source and season. Fungal
infestation in most of the substrates was found to be highest during monsoon. Aflatoxins were the most common mycotoxins elaborated
by different isolates ofA flavus obtained fromA marmelos, B lanzan andP gerardiana. The amount of aflatoxins produced by the toxigenic isolates ofA flavus was in the range of traces to 0.9–26.0 μg/ml inA marmelos, 0.8–17.5 μg/ml inP gerardiana and 0.65–13.2 μg/ml inB lanzan. The percentage toxigenicity was comparatively lower in the isolates of other mycotoxigenic fungi. Aflatoxins were detected
almost in all the samples analyzed for mycotoxin contamination. However, traces of zearalenone were detected inA marmelos. The concentration of aflatoxin B1 was in the range of 0.13–0.75 μg/g inA marmelos, 0.09–0.60 μg/g inP gerardiana and 0.01–0.20 ug/g inB lanzan. Mycotoxins were not detected inAesculus indica andPrunus amygdalus. 相似文献
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Polyana C Tizioto Jeremy F Taylor Jared E Decker Caio F Gromboni Mauricio A Mudadu Robert D Schnabel Luiz L Coutinho Gerson B Mour?o Priscila SN Oliveira Marcela M Souza James M Reecy Renata T Nassu Flavia A Bressani Patricia Tholon Tad S Sonstegard Mauricio M Alencar Rymer R Tullio Ana RA Nogueira Luciana CA Regitano 《遗传、选种与进化》2015,47(1)
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Fa N Ronkart S Schanck A Deleu M Gaigneaux A Goormaghtigh E Mingeot-Leclercq MP 《Chemistry and physics of lipids》2006,144(1):108-116
Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic known to bind to lipids and to affect endocytosis probably by interacting with lipid membranes [Tyteca, D., Schanck, A., Dufrene, Y.F., Deleu, M., Courtoy, P.J., Tulkens, P.M., Mingeot-Leclercq, M.P., 2003. The macrolide antibiotic azithromycin interacts with lipids and affects membrane organization and fluidity: studies on Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, liposomes and J774 macrophages. J. Membr. Biol. 192, 203-215]. In this work, we investigate the effect of azithromycin on lipid model membranes made of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) or 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC). Thermal transitions of both lipids in contact with azithromycin are studied by (31)P NMR and DSC on multilamellar vesicles. Concerning the DPPC, azithromycin induces a suppression of the pretransition whereas a phase separation between the DOPC and the antibiotic is observed. For both lipids, the enthalpy associated with the phase transition is strongly decreased with azithromycin. Such effects may be due to an increase of the available space between hydrophobic chains after insertion of azithromycin in lipids. The findings provide a molecular insight of the phase merging of DPPC gel in DOPC fluid matrix induced by azithromycin [Berquand, A., Mingeot-Leclercq, M.P., Dufrene, Y.F., 2004. Real-time imaging of drug-membrane interactions by atomic force microscopy. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1664, 198-205] and could help to a better understanding of azithromycin-cell interaction. 相似文献
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Sébastien N. Ronkart Michel Paquot Christophe S. Blecker Christian Fougnies Lynn Doran Jean Christophe Lambrechts Bernadette Norberg Claude Deroanne 《Food biophysics》2009,4(1):49-58
The impact of the crystallinity of spray-dried inulins on their stability and physical properties was investigated after a
conditioning of 1 week at different relative humidity levels (0% to 94%) at 20 °C. An environmental scanning electron microscopy
study showed that the amorphous powders hardened at a relative humidity storage between 59% and 75%; while their semi-crystalline
counterparts were partially agglomerated but friable in the same conditions. Caking was observed when the glass transition
temperature of the amorphous phase of the material dropped below the storage temperature of the powder. It resulted in a crystallization
of the structural units of varying lengths composing inulin, but also an increase of the crystallinity of the semi-crystalline
ones. This study showed the importance of the crystallinity of inulin on its stability and physical properties during storage
which is of crucial importance for the shelf-life of food and pharmaceutical products in the dry state.
Financial support was provided for this study by the Walloon Region of Belgium (DGTRE) and Cosucra Groupe Warcoing SA. 相似文献
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