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排序方式: 共有129条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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2.
Folic acid and chromosome breakage. III. Types and frequencies of spontaneous chromosome aberrations in proliferating lymphocytes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The types and frequencies of spontaneous chromosome aberrations were studied in human lymphocytes cultured for 96 h in minimal essential medium (MEM) or MEM without folic acid (MEM-FA). In both media, the most frequent aberrations were chromatid gaps, isochromatid gaps and chromatid breaks. Chromosome (isochromatid) breaks and dicentrics were seen less frequently. Neither of these less frequent aberrations was seen in 4000 cells from MEM, but both were seen in 4000 cells from MEM-FA. 相似文献
3.
Post-exercise metabolic rate in Atlantic cod and its dependence upon the method of exhaustion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study tests whether or not post-exercise oxygen consumption rates ( M o2 ) in fish are dependent upon how exhaustion is induced. A group of eight Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) were each exercised using (1) a critical swimming speed ( U crit ) protocol, (2) an exercise protocol designed to measure anaerobic capacity of fish ( U burst ), and (3) a protocol in which the fish were chased to exhaustion manually. M o2 was measured for a 2-h period following exhaustion induced by all three exercise regimes ( U crit , U burst and chase). Post-exercise M o2 following exhaustion from the U burst and chase protocols were significantly higher than post-exercise M o2 following the U crit protocol. Each fish during the U crit protocol exhibited maximal M o2 during exercise rather than during recovery, yet 75% of the fish during U brust recovery and 100% during chase recovery exhibited M o2 higher than that measured during U crit exercise. These results, as well as the large interindividual variations in M o2 among the eight fish, show that post-exhaustion M o2 is specific to the exercise regime employed, thus, investigators must exercise caution when combining results from different exercise protocols and/or individuals. 相似文献
4.
P E Thomas J Reidy L M Reik D E Ryan D R Koop W Levin 《Archives of biochemistry and biophysics》1984,235(1):239-253
Nine distinct monoclonal antibodies raised against purified rat liver cytochrome P-450c react with six different epitopes on the antigen, and one of these epitopes is shared by cytochrome P-450d. None of these monoclonal antibodies recognize seven other purified rat liver isozymes (cytochromes P-450a, b, and e-i) or other proteins in the cytochrome P-450 region of "Western blots" of liver microsomes. Each of the monoclonal antibodies was used to probe "Western blots" of liver microsomes from untreated, or 3-methylcholanthrene-, or isosafrole-treated animals to determine if laboratory animals other than rats possess isozymes immunochemically related to cytochromes P-450c and P-450d. Two protein-staining bands immunorelated to cytochromes P-450c and P-450d were observed in all animals treated with 3-methylcholanthrene (rabbit, hamster, guinea pig, and C57BL/6J mouse) except the DBA/2J mouse, where no polypeptide immunorelated to cytochrome P-450c was detected. The conservation of the number of rat cytochrome P-450c epitopes among these species varied from as few as two (guinea pig) to as many as five epitopes (C57BL/6J mouse and rabbit). The relative mobility in sodium dodecyl sulfate-gels of polypeptides immunorelated to cytochromes P-450c and P-450d was similar in all species examined except the guinea pig, where the polypeptide related to cytochrome P-450c had a smaller Mr than cytochrome P-450d. With the use of both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, we were able to establish that purified rabbit cytochromes P-450 LM4 and P-450 LM6 are immunorelated to rat cytochromes P-450d and P-450c, respectively. 相似文献
5.
A prospective study of 500 patients was performed to determine the reasons for requesting radiographs in an accident and emergency department. Most examinations were requested either to confirm a clinically suspected abnormality or because of difficulty in excluding a significant bone injury on clinical grounds alone. Several requests were also made to reassure the patient. Medicolegal reasons were relatively few, and those made purely because the doctor feared litigation probably accounted for only 5% of requests. Undue emphasis on the medicolegal aspects of accident and emergency radiography in the United Kingdom is unhelpful in that it directs attention away from the real reasons for x-ray referral. Although a reduction in the number of x-ray examinations is desirable on the grounds of expense and radiation exposure it is likely to be obtained only by improving experience and acumen in the clinical assessment of injuries. 相似文献
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Silva MJ Slakman AR Reidy JA Preau JL Herbert AR Samandar E Needham LL Calafat AM 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》2004,805(1):161-167
We improved our previous analytical method to measure phthalate metabolites in urine as biomarkers for phthalate exposure by automating the solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure and expanding the analytical capability to quantify four additional metabolites: phthalic acid, mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate, mono-isobutyl phthalate (miBP), and monomethyl isophthalate. The method, which involves automated SPE followed by isotope dilution-high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-electrospray ionization (ESI)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS), allows for the quantitative measurement of 15 phthalate metabolites in urine with detection limits in the low ng/ml range. SPE automation allowed for the unattended sequential extraction of up to 100 samples at a time, and resulted in an increased sample throughput, lower solvent use, and better reproducibility than the manual SPE. Furthermore, the modified method permitted for the first time, the separation and quantification of mono-n-butyl phthalate (mBP) and its structural isomer miBP. The method was validated on spiked pooled urine samples and on pooled urine samples from persons with no known exposure to phthalates. 相似文献
8.
Reidy MF Wright JR 《American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology》2003,285(4):L854-L861
The phagocytosis of apoptotic inflammatory cells by alveolar macrophages (AMs) is a key component of inflammation resolution within the air space. Surfactant protein A (SP-A) has been shown to stimulate the phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils (PMNs) by normal AMs. We hypothesized that SP-A promotes the resolution of alveolar inflammation by enhancing apoptotic PMN phagocytosis and anti-inflammatory cytokine release by inflammatory AMs. Using an LPS lung inflammation model, we determined that SP-A stimulates the phagocytosis of apoptotic PMNs threefold by normal AMs and AMs isolated after LPS injury. Furthermore, SP-A enhances transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) release from both AM populations. Inflammatory AMs release twofold more TGF-beta1 in culture than do normal AMs. SP-A and apoptotic PMNs together stimulate TGF-beta1 release equivalently from normal and inflammatory cultured AMs (330% of unstimulated release by normal AMs). In summary, SP-A enhances apoptotic PMN uptake, stimulates AM TGF-beta1 release, and modulates the amount of TGF-beta1 released when AMs phagocytose apoptotic PMNs. These findings support the hypothesis that SP-A promotes the resolution of alveolar inflammation. 相似文献
9.
Nelson JA Gotwalt PS Reidy SP Webber DM 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology》2002,133(2):289-302
Locomotor performance of animals is of considerable interest from management, physiological, ecological and evolutionary perspectives. Yet, despite the extensive commercial exploitation of fishes and interest in the health of various fish stocks, the relationships between performance capacity, natural selection, ecology and physiology are poorly known for fishes. One reason may be the technical challenges faced when trying to measure various locomotor capacities in aquatic species, but we will argue that the slow pace of developing new species-appropriate swim tests is also hindering progress. A technique developed for anadromous salmonids (the U(crit) procedure) has dominated the fish exercise physiology field and, while accounting for major advances in the field, has often been used arbitrarily. Here we propose criteria swimming tests should adhere to and report on several attempts to match swimming tests to the physiological ecology of the animal. Sprint performance measured with a laser diode/photocell timed 'drag strip' is a new method employing new technology and is reported on in some detail. A second new test involves accelerating water past the fish at a constant rate in a traditional swim tunnel/respirometer. These two performance tests were designed to better understand the biology of a bentho-pelagic marine fish, the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Finally, we report on a modified incremental velocity test that was developed to better understand the biology of the blacknose dace (Rhinichthys atratulus), a Nearctic, lotic cyprinid. 相似文献
10.
BACKGROUND: Morbidity management is a core component of the global programme for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis. In a double-blind clinical trial, the tolerability and efficacy of Daflon (500 mg) + DEC (25 mg) or DEC (25 mg) alone, twice daily for 90 days, was studied in 26 patients with bancroftian filarial lymphoedema. RESULTS: None of the patients in either drug group reported any adverse reaction throughout the treatment period (90 days). Haematological and biochemical parameters were within normal limits and there was no significant difference between the pre-treatment (day 0) and post-treatment (day 90) values. The group receiving Daflon showed significant reduction in oedema volume from day 90 (140.6 PlusMinus; 18.8 ml) to day 360 (71.8 PlusMinus; 20.7 ml) compared to the pre-treatment (day 0, 198.4 PlusMinus; 16.5 ml) value. This accounted for a 63.8% reduction in oedema volume by day 360 (considering the pre-treatment (day 0) as 100%). In the DEC group, the changes in oedema volume (between day 1 and day 360) were not significant when compared to the pre-treatment (day 0) value. The percentage reduction at day 360 was only 9%, which was not significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study has shown that Daflon (500 mg, twice a day for 90 days) is both safe and efficacious in reducing oedema volume in bancroftian filarial lymphoedema. Further clinical trials are essential for strengthening the evidence base on the role of this drug in the morbidity management of lymphatic filariasis. 相似文献