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1.
Between 1971 and 1975, Fascioloides magna was found in 46 of 67 (69%) feral swine (Sus scrofa) in southern Texas. Flukes were recovered from swine in areas where F. magna commonly has been recovered from white-tailed deer and cattle. One to 12 flukes were recovered from each infected animal. Their presence was indicated by black hematin pigment on the liver and various other internal organs. Eggs were not detected in the gallbladder or feces of infected animals although mature flukes and eggs were recovered in the livers suggesting that, like cattle, feral swine can be infected but are aberrant hosts for the parasite and do not disseminate eggs. 相似文献
2.
E?DimitriadisEmail author L?Robb Y-X?Liu AC?Enders H?Martin C?Stoikos E?Wallace LA?Salamonsen 《Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E》2003,1(1):34
Embryo implantation, endometrial stromal cell decidualization and formation of a functional placenta are critical processes in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Interleukin (IL)-11 signalling is essential for adequate decidualization in the mouse uterus and IL-11 promotes decidualization in the human. IL-11 action is mediated via binding to the specific IL-11 receptor α (IL-11Rα). The present study examined immunoreactive IL-11 and IL-11Rα in cycling rhesus monkey endometrium, at implantation sites in cynomolgus and rhesus monkeys and in human first trimester decidua and defined distinct spatial and temporal patterns. In cycling rhesus monkey endometrium, IL-11 and IL-11Rα increased in both basalis and functionalis regions during the secretory compared with the proliferative phase, with changing cellular locations in luminal and glandular epithelium and stroma. The patterns were similar overall to those previously described in human endometrium. Differences were seen in immunostaining during implantation in cynomologus and rhesus monkey. In the cynomolgus, very little staining for IL-11 or IL-11Rα was seen in syncytio- and cyto-trophoblast cells in the villi between days 12 and 150 of pregnancy although there was moderate staining in cytotrophoblast in the shell between days 12 and 17 and in subpopulations of cytotrophoblast cells invading the arteries at day 17. By contrast in the rhesus monkey between days 24 and 35 of pregnancy and in human first trimester placenta, cyto- and syncytio-trophoblast in the villi but not cytotrophoblast in the shell were positively stained. The most intense staining for both IL-11 and IL-11Rα was present within the decidua in the maternal component of implantation sites in all three primates but moderate staining was also present in maternal vascular smooth muscle and glands perivascular cells and epithelial plaques. These results are consistent with a role for IL-11 both during decidualization and placentation in primates. 相似文献
3.
Melek Güler-Yüksel Naomi B Klarenbeek Yvonne PM Goekoop-Ruiterman Jeska K de Vries-Bouwstra Sjoerd M van der Kooij Andreas H Gerards H Karel Ronday Tom WJ Huizinga Ben AC Dijkmans Cornelia F Allaart Willem F Lems 《Arthritis research & therapy》2010,12(3):R96
Introduction
To investigate whether accelerated hand bone mineral density (BMD) loss is associated with progressive joint damage in hands and feet in the first year of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and whether it is an independent predictor of subsequent progressive total joint damage after 4 years.Methods
In 256 recent-onset RA patients, baseline and 1-year hand BMD was measured in metacarpals 2-4 by digital X-ray radiogrammetry. Joint damage in hands and feet were scored in random order according to the Sharp-van der Heijde method at baseline and yearly up to 4 years.Results
68% of the patients had accelerated hand BMD loss (>-0.003 g/cm2) in the first year of RA. Hand BMD loss was associated with progressive joint damage after 1 year both in hands and feet with odds ratios (OR) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) of 5.3 (1.3-20.9) and 3.1 (1.0-9.7). In univariate analysis, hand BMD loss in the first year was a predictor of subsequent progressive total joint damage after 4 years with an OR (95% CI) of 3.1 (1.3-7.6). Multivariate analysis showed that only progressive joint damage in the first year and anti-citrullinated protein antibody positivity were independent predictors of long-term progressive joint damage.Conclusions
In the first year of RA, accelerated hand BMD loss is associated with progressive joint damage in both hands and feet. Hand BMD loss in the first year of recent-onset RA predicts subsequent progressive total joint damage, however not independent of progressive joint damage in the first year. 相似文献4.
Paulo FP Pimenta Alessandra S Orfano Ana C Bahia Ana PM Duarte Claudia M Ríos-Velásquez Fabrício F Melo Felipe AC Pessoa Giselle A Oliveira Keillen MM Campos Luis Martínez Villegas Nilton Barnabé Rodrigues Rafael Nacif-Pimenta Rejane C Sim?es Wuelton M Monteiro Rogerio Amino Yara M Traub-Cseko José BP Lima Maria GV Barbosa Marcus VG Lacerda Wanderli P Tadei Nágila FC Secundino 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(1):23-47
In the Americas, areas with a high risk of malaria transmission are mainly located in
the Amazon Forest, which extends across nine countries. One keystone step to
understanding the Plasmodium life cycle in Anopheles species from the Amazon Region
is to obtain experimentally infected mosquito vectors. Several attempts to colonise
Ano- pheles species have been conducted, but with only short-lived success or no
success at all. In this review, we review the literature on malaria transmission from
the perspective of its Amazon vectors. Currently, it is possible to develop
experimental Plasmodium vivax infection of the colonised and field-captured vectors
in laboratories located close to Amazonian endemic areas. We are also reviewing
studies related to the immune response to P. vivax infection of Anopheles aquasalis,
a coastal mosquito species. Finally, we discuss the importance of the modulation of
Plasmodium infection by the vector microbiota and also consider the anopheline
genomes. The establishment of experimental mosquito infections with Plasmodium
falciparum, Plasmodium yoelii and Plasmodium berghei parasites that could provide
interesting models for studying malaria in the Amazonian scenario is important.
Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of the parasites
in New World vectors is crucial in order to better determine the interaction process
and vectorial competence. 相似文献
5.
Maria C Anholeti Rodrigo C Duprat Maria R Figueiredo Maria AC Kaplan Marcelo Guerra Santos Marcelo S Gonzalez Norman A Ratcliffe Denise Feder Selma R Paiva Cicero B Mello 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(5):629-635
Studies evaluated the effects of hexanic extracts from the fruits and flowers
ofClusia fluminensis and the main component of the flower
extract, a purified benzophenone (clusianone), against Aedes
aegypti. The treatment of larvae with the crude fruit or flower extracts
from C. fluminensis did not affect the survival ofAe.
aegypti (50 mg/L), however, the flower extracts significantly delayed
development of Ae. aegypti. In contrast, the clusianone (50 mg/L) isolate from the
flower extract, representing 54.85% of this sample composition, showed a highly
significant inhibition of survival, killing 93.3% of the larvae and completely
blocking development of Ae. aegypti. The results showed, for the first time, high
activity of clusianone against Ae. aegypti that both killed and inhibited mosquito
development. Therefore, clusianone has potential for development as a biopesticide
for controlling insect vectors of tropical diseases. Future work will elucidate the
mode of action of clusianone isolated from C. fluminensis. 相似文献
6.
A. C. Nunes J. Britton-Davidian J. Catalan M. G. Ramalhinho R. Capela M. L. Mathias G. Ganem 《Journal of Biogeography》2005,32(12):2123-2134
Aim This study aimed to investigate if and how environmental characteristics (physical factors of the natural environment and the human impact on the landscape) influence the position and structure of a contact zone between two chromosomal races of the house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus Rutty 1712) from the island of Madeira. Location The western part of Madeira, a volcanic island in the North Atlantic. Methods Mice were sampled along a south/north‐western transect following the main road, in human‐modified outdoor habitats. Karyotypes of mice were determined using the yeast‐stimulated bone marrow cell method. Trapping sites were characterized in terms of their physical (altitude, temperature, precipitation and soil type) and habitat (human landscape use and occupancy) features. Demographic parameters of mouse populations, based on trapping‐with‐removal techniques, were also analysed (relative abundance, sex‐ratio, juvenile ratio and female fertility ratio), as well as body size (weight and length). Results Four chromosomal zones were identified on the basis of the frequency of two diagnostic rearrangements (Rb(6.7) in race E. Calheta and Rb(7.15) in race A. Cruz). E. Calheta was present in the two southern‐most zones, followed by the contact zone characterized by the presence of two inter‐racial hybrids and the co‐occurrence of mice belonging to the two races. The northern‐most part of the transect was occupied by A. Cruz. Environmental features differed leading us to split the transect into two parts. The southern part is characterized by lower altitude and precipitation, milder temperature, better soil quality supporting vegetable crops and vineyards, and more abundant and evenly distributed human habitats. This southern part is occupied by E. Calheta mice. The north‐western part presents characteristics opposite to those described above with cereals as the main cultivated crop, and it includes the contact zone as well as the zone inhabited by A. Cruz mice. The demographic parameters evaluated in this study did not differ significantly between chromosomal zones. Main conclusions This ecological survey highlights differences in climatic and edaphic features that have moulded the agricultural activities of humans, contributing to a differentiation of their spatial development, and hence the structure of potential habitats for mice. Results are interpreted within the source–sink framework of population dynamics, following which E. Calheta may function as a source and the areas where A. Cruz and the contact zone are located may function as a sink. Our study suggests that the position and chromosomal composition of the contact zone is influenced by the human component underlying broader environmental features. Similar characteristics were most likely present during the historical settlement of Madeira. They may have favoured the independent divergence of the two races and influenced the dynamics of the contact zone. 相似文献
7.
Marques CC Nunes AC Pinheiro T Lopes PA Santos MC Viegas-Crespo AM Ramalhinho MG Mathias ML 《Biological trace element research》2006,109(1):75-90
Time-dependent effects of lead (Pb) toxicity were studied in Algerian mice (Mus spretus) treated with Pb acetate via drinking water (1 g Pb acetate/L) for different periods of exposure (15, 45, and 90 d). End points included the determination of hepatic Pb concentration and the assessment of some morphophysiological, biochemical and cytogenetical parameters. A control group receiving distilled water was also monitored for comparative purposes. Hepatic Pb accumulation increased with the time of exposure and was significantly higher in treated mice when compared to controls. In association with significant body mass loss in Pb-exposed mice, for 15 and 45 d, a significant increase in the relative spleen mass was observed after 45 d of intoxication. Pb-exposed mice also showed significant decreases in red blood cells, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin. On the contrary, changes in plasma transferases (aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase) and hepatic superoxide dismutase activities did not reach statistical significance. A significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic bone marrow erythrocytes was also found in the 90-d-exposed mice, compared to nontreated mice and the other exposed groups. Exposure to Pb acetate resulted also in a slight time-dependent decrease of the polychromatic-normochromatic ratio. These results support the concept that a long-term chronic exposure to Pb induced alterations upon some morphophysiological and genetic parameters in Algerian mice. 相似文献
8.
C. C. Marques A. C. Nunes T. Pinheiro P. A. Lopes M. C. Santos A. M. Viegas-Crespo M. G. Ramalhinho M. L. Mathias 《Biological trace element research》2006,109(1):75-89
Time-dependent effects of lead (Pb) toxicity were studied in Algerian mice (Mus spretus) treated with Pb acetate via drinking water (1 g Pb acetate/L) for different periods of exposure (15, 45, and 90 d). End
points included the determination of hepatic Pb concentration and the assessment of some morphophysiological, biochemical
and cytogenetical parameters. A control group receiving distilled water was also monitored for comparative purposes. Hepatic
Pb accumulation increased with the time of exposure and was significantly higher in treated mice when compared to controls.
In association with significant body mass loss in Pb-exposed mice, for 15 and 45 d, a significant increase in the relative
spleen mass was observed after 45 d of intoxication. Pb-exposed mice also showed significant decreases in red blood cells,
hematocrit, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin. On the contrary, changes in plasma transferases (aspartate aminotransferase and
alanine aminotransferase) and hepatic superoxide dismutase activities did not reach statistical significance. A significant
increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic bone marrow erythrocytes was also found in the 90-d-exposed mice,
compared to nontreated mice and the other exposed groups. Exposure to Pb acetate resulted also in a slight time-dependent
decrease of the polychromatic-normochromatic ratio. These results support the concept that a long-term chronic exposure to
Pb induced alterations upon some morphophysiological and genetic paramaters in Algerian mice. 相似文献
9.
van Gool CJ van Houwelingen AC Hornstra G 《The Journal of nutritional biochemistry》2000,11(11-12):543-547
Phenylketonuric patients are on a special diet that lacks certain essential fatty acids. This study evaluates the essential fatty acid status of a group of phenylketonuric patients in the Netherlands undergoing dietary treatment. To this end, the essential fatty acid status of nine phenylketonuria patients was studied. On the basis of age and gender, two control subjects were selected for each patient. The essential fatty acid composition of duplicate food portions and the essential fatty acid status of plasma and erythrocytes were analyzed. Phenylketonuria subjects had a different essential fatty acid profile from their peers, especially concerning the n-3 fatty acids. N-6 and n-3 fatty long-chain polyenes were hardly consumed by phenylketonuria subjects, in contrast to the control subjects. Linoleic acid, on the other hand, was consumed in significantly higher amounts by phenylketonuria subjects and made up about 40% of their daily fat consumption. The essential fatty acid consumption pattern of the phenylketonuria subjects is mirrored by the essential fatty acid concentrations in blood. The essential fatty acid status of the phenylketonuric diet should be improved in order to prevent deficiency in n-3 fatty acids. 相似文献
10.
Stefan TG Bruijnen Mignon AC van der Weijden Joannes P Klein Otto S Hoekstra Ronald Boellaard J Christiaan van Denderen Ben AC Dijkmans Alexandre E Voskuyl Irene E van der Horst-Bruinsma Conny J van der Laken 《Arthritis research & therapy》2012,14(2):R71