陕西根螨属一新种记述（蜱螨亚纲：粉螨科）

本文描述根螨属１新种：大蒜根螨Ｒｈｉｚｏｇｌｙｐｈｕｓ ａｌｌｉｉ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,模式标本保存在西南农业大学植物保护系。     

Selection intensities and consanguineity in the Yadava and Vadabalija of Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

The opportunity for intensity of selection is studied in two backward caste groups with different occupations, namely Yadava (pastoral) and Vadabalija (fishing) of Bheemunipatnam Taluk of Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh. The amount of selection intensity is found to be higher in Vadabalija (0.8583) than Yadava (0.5827). The contribution of mortality to the total index of selection is greater in Vadabalija (0.6095) than in Yadava (0.3326). When consanguineity is considered, the fertility components of selection intensity (0.1885) are lower in the consanguineous group of Yadava than in the nonconsanguineous group (0.2845), whereas in Vadabalija they are higher in the consanguineous group (0.5261) than in the nonconsanguineous group (0.2223).     

粤北南岭大宝山矿流域山水林田湖草修复阻力与优先级分析

遵循“防源、控流、治汇”理念,以粤北南岭大宝山矿区作为风险源,以所在流域为研究区,分析研究区主要阻力因素,采用最小累积阻力模型建立区域生态阻力面;利用Jenks自然断点法,分析生态修复优先级,提出分区治理重点和对策。研究结果表明：研究区综合阻力系数处于9-32之间,各评价指标的阻力面空间分布格局相似,其阻力值呈现出东南部大,西北部小的空间格局;长期的矿业开采污染了流域生态环境,且距离矿区越近的区域生态修复的优先性越高。将研究区分为4个优先级区,各区修复优先性依次为Ⅰ区 > Ⅱ区 > Ⅲ区 > Ⅳ区。Ⅰ区重点在于治水,提高pH、降低重金属有效态含量和增加地表植被覆盖度。Ⅱ区重点在于河流治理与治土,确保污染减排,增强拦泥库的废水调节。Ⅲ区、Ⅳ区核心在治土,逐步改善土壤条件。研究结果为修复项目在时空尺度上落地和科学治理提供科学依据。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In vitro</Emphasis> adventitious shoot organogenesis and plant regeneration from seedling explants of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Albizia odoratissima</Emphasis> L.f. (Benth.)

Epicotyl, petiole, and cotyledon explants derived from 14-d-old seedlings of Albizia odoratissima were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with different concentrations of either 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) solely or in combination with 0.5 μM naphthalene-3-acetic acid (NAA). The percentage of shoot regeneration and the number of shoots regenerated varied significantly depending on the type of explants used, the concentration of plant growth regulators, and the orientation of explants on the culture medium. The best response in terms of the percentage of shoot regeneration was obtained from epicotyls cultured horizontally on MS medium supplemented with 5 μM BAP, whereas the highest number of shoots per responding explant was recorded on medium containing 2.5 μM BAP and 0.5 μM NAA. Successful rooting was achieved by placing the microshoots onto MS medium containing 25 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for 24 h first, then transferring to the same medium without IBA. Of the various substrates tested, vermiculite was the best for plant acclimatization, as 75% of the plants survived and became established.     

神经生长因子制备工艺的改进及有关问题的讨论

为了达到规模化生产的目的 ,本文在神经生长因子制备工艺前增加了去脂处理 ,省略了CM (I)柱前的透析 ,并对影响生产收量的因素进行了探讨 ,使实验室结果得以有效放大 ,每 2 0 0 0对鼠颌下腺可提取蛋白 91mg ,总活性达 6 9× 10 7Bu。     

siRNA介导的NFBD1表达沉默对HeLa细胞增殖与凋亡的影响

NFBD1,也称MDC1,是1个参与细胞内DNA损伤后细胞应答反应的重要分子．为探讨NFBD1在细胞增殖和凋亡中的作用及其作为分子靶点用于肿瘤治疗的潜在价值,本研究采用siRNA技术抑制NFBD1的表达,并观察了其对人宫颈癌细胞HeLa细胞增殖和细胞凋亡的影响．半定量RT-PCR和蛋白质印迹分析结果表明,筛选到的短链NFBD1 siRNA能有效抑制内源NFBD1的表达,抑制程度约100％．细胞生长曲线分析结果表明,siRNA介导的NFBD1表达沉默导致HeLa细胞生长增殖的显著抑制．FACS分析结果表明,NFBD1表达抑制导致sub-G₁峰的出现,同时蛋白质印迹分析观察到了caspase 3和PARP（poly-ADP-ribose polymerase）的剪接激活,表明NFBD1表达抑制诱发了细胞凋亡．在该凋亡过程中,P-53及其下游靶分子Bax和Puma的表达水平均没有发生明显变化,但Noxa的表达在mRNA和蛋白质水平上均显著上调,强烈提示该凋亡过程很可能是1个不依赖P53的凋亡途径,且Noxa的转录激活在该凋亡过程中可能起着重要作用．这些结果表明,NFBD1参与细胞生长增殖和凋亡的调节,是一个潜在的肿瘤治疗新靶点．     

转基因高γ-亚麻酸大豆油抗肿瘤作用的研究

γ-亚麻酸(GLA)是人体和动物饮食中具有营养作用的重要的多烯不饱和脂肪酸,在大多数油料作物种子中不含有GLA,而含有其前体物亚油酸。△⁶-脂肪酸脱氢酶可将亚油酸转化为γ-亚麻酸,为了能够在传统的油料作物大豆中产生GLA,将从深黄被孢霉中克隆的△⁶-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因,与植物表达载体pBIl21连接,构建了重组质粒pBIM16,采用农杆菌介导的大豆子叶节转化系统,成功地将该基因导入到栽培大豆吉林47品种中,获得一批转基因植株。经PCR检测和Southern杂交分析,证明外源基因已导入并整合到大豆的基因组中。通过气相色谱(GC)对大豆种子进行脂肪酸成分分析,结果表明,产生了GLA,其含量最高可达36．585％。将高GLA的转基因大豆油口服给药,结果表明,其对小鼠S180肉瘤、肝癌H22和Ehrlich癌实体型的抑瘤率分别为32．63％、31．91％和34．34％。其肿瘤抑制率均>30％,与对照组比较有显著差异(p<0．01),表现初步的抗肿瘤作用。     

饲料中狐狸、水貂、貉子和狗源性的五重实时荧光PCR检测方法的建立

为了快速鉴别饲料中的狐狸、水貂、貉子和狗源性成分,根据线粒体16S r DNA种间保守序列,设计合成针对狐狸、水貂、貉子和狗的特异性引物和探针,通过对荧光PCR反应体系和反应条件的优化筛选,建立了多重实时荧光PCR方法,在同一PCR反应体系中可以同时完成4种动物源性成分检测。通过对15种其他物种的源性成分的检测,结果表明所设计的引物和探针具有很好的物种特异性,且灵敏度高,狐狸、水貂、貉子和狗的DNA检出限为0.01ng。对40份样品检测,其中5份检测出貉子、狐狸和水貂源性成分。结果表明,该方法可以有效地鉴别出饲料中狐狸、水貂、貉子和狗源性成分,同时适用于相关动物产品中。     

一步3’RACE快速构建鸡MnSOD全长cDNA克隆Rapid

本研究尝试将触减 PCR与3’ cDNA末端快速扩增（rapid amplification of cDNA ends,RACE）技术进行结合,仅用一条特异性引物和一条通用引物,成功地实现了从3’末端cDNA库对鸡含锰超氧化物歧化酶（manganese-containing superoxide dismutase,MnSOD）全长cDNA的一步3’RACE快速构建。与常规使用的末端PCR或亚克隆方法相比,该法具有快速、省时、经济和特异性好的优点。Abstract: RACE(rapid amplification of cDNA ends) is a popular technique to rapidly obtain the full-length cDNA. After obtaining the 3’cDNA and 5’cDNA fragments with a overlapped region by 3’RACE and 5’RACE, the full-length cDNA could be generated by end-to-end PCR or subcloning. In this study, 3’RACE combined with touch-down PCR was successfully used for the rapid construction of full-length MnSOD cDNA of chickens. Compared with the conventional end-to-end PCR or subcloning, this method, called one-step 3’RACE, is fast, economical and highly specific. It especially fits the rapid construction of full-length cDNA by RACE method.     

人HAS3启动子的结构与功能初步分析

透明质酸合酶3（hyaluronan synthase 3,HAS3）,是一个参与透明质酸合成的酶分子,在上皮形成和肿瘤转移等过程中起重要作用.为了进一步研究HAS3基因的转录调控机制,本研究克隆鉴定了HAS3基因的启动子.首先应用5′RACE（rapid amplification of cDNA ends,cDNA末端快速扩增）技术鉴定了HAS3基因的转录起始位点,发现了丰度和转录起始位点不同的两种新的HAS3基因剪接变异体.通过PCR定向克隆策略,构建了覆盖HAS3基因5′端侧翼区起始密码子ATG上游约4.3 kb区域的一系列HAS3基因启动子荧光素酶报告基因重组体.启动子活性分析表明,HAS3基因启动子定位于转录起始位点附近约450 bp的区域内.转录因子结合位点分析表明,HAS3基因启动子缺乏典型的TATA盒,但含有典型的GC盒以及C/EBP等其它潜在的转录因子结合位点. 结果提示,Sp1和C/EBP等转录因子可能参与HAS3基因的转录调控.