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1.
Batai (Falcataria moluccana) is a valuable tree species for forest plantations in Malaysia and Indonesia. Since 1993, a gall rust disease has caused
severe damage to all growth stages, from seedlings in the nursery to mature trees in the field. To identify the fungus causing
gall rust disease on F. moluccana in Malaysia and Indonesia, study of the mode of infection and changes in the anatomy of infected cells were carried out in
the anatomy laboratory. The disease in Malaysia and Indonesia is caused by Uromycladium tepperianum. The fungus produces three longitudinally ridged teliospores on each head, with spores measuring 13–20 μm wide and 17–28 μm
long. The fungus is microcyclic, completing its entire life cycle on F. moluccana. This study confirmed that the teliospores themselves cannot infect the host. Under favorable conditions, about 10 h after
inoculation, teliospores germinate to produce basidiospores that form penetration pegs about 6 h later, and it is this peg
which penetrates the host cells directly through the epidermis. Pycnia, recognized as small brown pustules, break through
the epidermis about 7 days after inoculation. 相似文献
2.
Theoretical and Molecular Docking Study of Ketoconazole on Heptakis(2,3,6‐tri‐O‐methyl)‐β‐cyclodextrin as Chiral Selector 下载免费PDF全文
Siti Rosilah Arsad Hasmerya Maarof Wan Aini Wan Ibrahim Hassan Y. Aboul‐Enein 《Chirality》2016,28(3):209-214
A molecular docking study, using molecular mechanics calculations with AutoDock and semi‐empirical PM3 calculations, was used to predict the enantiodiscrimination of heptakis(2,3,6‐tri‐O‐methyl)‐β‐cyclodextrin (TMβCD) and ketoconazole (KTZ) enantiomers. A Density Functional Theory (DFT) single‐point calculation at the level of B3LYP/6‐311G (d,p) was performed for the PM3‐optimized complexes to obtain more accurate binding energy and the electronic structures of the complexes. The difference in energies of the inclusion complexes between the KTZ enantiomers and TMβCD is probably a measure of chiral discrimination, which results in the separation of the enantiomers as observed in the experimental studies. Chirality 28:209–214, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
3.
Nor?Aini?Abdul?Rahman Yoshihito?Shirai Kazuyuki?ShimizuEmail author Mohd?Ali?Hassan 《Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering》2002,7(5):281-288
RecombinantEscherichia coli strain harboring the λp
R-p
L promotor and heterologus poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) biosynthesis genes was used to investigate the effect of culture conditions
on the efficient PHB production. The expression ofphb genes was induced by a temperature upshift from 33°C to 38°C. The protein expression levels were measured by using two-dimensional
electrophoresis, and the enzyme activities were also measured to understand the effect of culture temperature, carbon sources,
and the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration on the metabolic regulations. AcetylCoA is an important branch point for PHB production.
The decrease in DO concentration lowers the citrate synthase activity, thus limit the flux toward the TCA cycle, and increase
the flux for PHB production. Since NADPH is required for PHB production, the PHB production does not continue leading the
overproduction of acetate and lactate. Based on these observations, a new operation was considered where DO concentration
was changed periodically, and it was verified its usefulness for the efficient PHB production by experiments. 相似文献
4.
Munetaka Ozeki Adeeb Salah Wulamujiang Aini Keiji Tamaki Hironori Haga Aya Miyagawa-Hayashino 《PloS one》2015,10(8)
The biological significance of STK17A, a serine/threonine kinase, in the liver is not known. We analyzed STK17A expression in HepG2 cells and human liver tissue. Accordingly, we investigated whether STK17A could help in identifying earlier changes during the evolution of chronic rejection (CR) after liver transplantation. RT-PCR and immunofluorescence were used to analyze STK17A expression in HepG2 cells. Antibody microarray was performed using human liver samples from CR and healthy donors. Immunohistochemistry was used to verify the clinical utility of STK17A on sequential biopsies for the subsequent development of CR. A novel short isoform of STK17A was found in HepG2 cells. STK17A was localized in the nuclei and bile canaliculi in HepG2 cells and human livers. Microarray of STK17A revealed its decrease in failed liver allografts by CR. During the evolution of CR, the staining pattern of bile canalicular STK17A gradually changed from diffuse linear to focal intermittent. The focal intermittent staining pattern was observed before the definite diagnosis of CR. In conclusion, the present study was the first to find localization of STK17A in normal bile canaliculi. Abnormal expression and localization of STK17A were associated with CR of liver allografts since the early stage of the rejection process. 相似文献
5.
Catalytic steam reforming of renewable feedstock to renewable energy or chemicals always goes with intense coking activities that produce carbonaceous products leading to low performance and eventual catalyst deactivation. Supported metal catalyst such as Ni/Al2O3 is known to catalysed gasification and decomposition of biomass feedstock largely for renewable fuel production with promising results. Catalyst deactivation from high carbon deposition, agglomeration and phase transformations resulting to rapid deactivation are some of the issues identified with the use of the catalyst. In this work, improvement on the coke resistance and catalytic properties of Ni/Al2O3 catalyst is sought via the use of a thermally stable and coke-resistant perovskite La0.75Sr0.25Cr0.5Mn0.5O3-δ (LSCM) as catalyst promoter/modifier and involving Zirconia-doped Ceria (Ce-Zr) as alternative support in steam reforming of pure and by-product glycerol. The stabilizing influence of the LSCM on the Ni catalyst has improved stability against agents of deactivation with a consequent significant improvement of catalytic activity of Ni/Al2O3 in H2 production and robust suppression of carbon deposition. Particularly, the synergy between the LSCM promoter and alternative Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 support enhanced the basic and redox properties known for Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 support in contrast to the week acid centres in γ-Al2O3 support which further improved nickel stability, catalyst–support interaction with a resultant high catalytic activity and robust coke suppression as a result of enhanced oxygen mobility. There is correlation between the product distribution, nature of coke deposited and reforming temperature as well as type of support and structural modification. Hence, integration of a robust perovskite material as a catalyst promoter and choice of support could be tailored in design and development of robust catalyst systems to improve the performance of supported metal catalysts, particularly the suppression of carbon deposition for hydrocarbon and biomass conversion to renewable fuel or chemicals. 相似文献
6.
Despite the great importance of Aureobasidium pullulans in biotechnology, the fungus had emerged as an opportunistic human pathogen, especially among immunocompromised patients.
Clinical detection of this rare human fungal pathogen presently relies on morphology diagnosis which may be misleading. Thus,
a sensitive and accurate quantitative molecular assay for A. pullulans remains lacking. In this study, we presented the microscopy observations of A. pullulans that reveals the phenotypic plasticity of the fungus. A. pullulans-specific primers and molecular beacon probes were designed based on the fungal 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene. Comparison
of two probes with varied quencher chemistry, namely BHQ-1 and Tamra, revealed high amplification efficiency of 104% and 108%,
respectively. The optimized quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays could detect and quantify up to 1 pg concentration of
A. pullulans DNA. Both assays displayed satisfactory performance parameters at fast thermal cycling mode. The molecular assay has great
potential as a molecular diagnosis tool for early detection of fungal infection caused by A. pullulans, which merits future study in clinical diagnosis. 相似文献
7.
Essa MM Vijayan RK Castellano-Gonzalez G Memon MA Braidy N Guillemin GJ 《Neurochemical research》2012,37(9):1829-1842
Nature has gifted mankind with a plethora of flora-bearing fruits, vegetables and nuts. The diverse array of bioactive nutrients present in these natural products plays a pivotal role in prevention and cure of various neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease and other neuronal dysfunctions. Accumulated evidence suggests that naturally occurring phyto-compounds, such as polyphenolic antioxidants found in fruits, vegetables, herbs and nuts, may potentially hinder neurodegeneration, and improve memory and cognitive function. Nuts such as walnut have also demonstrated neuroprotective effect against AD. The molecular mechanisms behind the curative effects rely mainly on the action of phytonutrients on distinct signalling pathways associated with protein folding and neuroinflammation. The neuroprotective effects of various naturally occurring compounds in AD is evaluating in this review. 相似文献
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Paul M. Schroder Mithun Khattar Ronghai Deng Aini Xie Wenhao Chen Stanislaw M. Stepkowski 《PloS one》2013,8(7)
T cells play a major role in allograft rejection, which occurs after T cell activation by the engagement of several functional molecules to form an immune synapse with alloantigen presenting cells. In this study, the immune synapse was targeted using mAbs directed to the TCR beta-chain (TCRβ) and lymphocyte function-associated antigen−1 (LFA1) to induce long-term allograft survival. Evaluation of antigen-specific T cell responses was performed by adoptively transferring CFSE labeled transgenic OT-II cells into wild-type mice and providing OVA peptide by intravenous injection. Graft survival studies were performed in mice by transplanting BALB/c ear skins onto the flanks of C57BL/6 recipients. The anti-TCRβ plus anti-LFA1 mAb combination (but not either mAb alone) abrogated antigen-specific T cell responses invitro and invivo. Transient combination therapy with these agents resulted in significantly prolonged skin allograft survival in mice (51±10 days; p<0.01) when compared to treatment with either anti-TCRβ mAb (24±5 days) or anti-LFA1 mAb (19±3 days) alone or no treatment (10±1 days). When lymphoid tissues from these mice were analyzed at different times post-transplant, only those receiving the combination of anti-TCRβ and anti-LFA1 mAbs demonstrated long-lasting reductions in total T cell numbers, cellular and humoral anti-donor responses, and expression of CD3 on the surface of T cells. These results demonstrate that transient anti-TCRβ and anti-LFA1 mAb combination therapy abrogates antigen-reactive T cell responses with long-lasting effects that significantly prolong allograft survival. 相似文献