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1.
Halvor Rollag Thor Ueland Anders ?sberg Anders Hartmann Alan G. Jardine Atul Humar Mark D. Pescovitz Angelo A. Bignamini P?l Aukrust 《PloS one》2013,8(4)
Background
While several studies have examined the general inflammatory responses in relation to cytomegalovirus infection, the identification of the various inflammatory mediators as well as their relative importance is far from clear.Patients and Methods
Solid organ recipients enrolled in an international multicenter trial of cytomegalovirus disease treatment (the VICTOR study) were analyzed (n = 289) (ClinicalTrials.gov ). Plasma markers of inflammation and endothelial cell activation were assessed at baseline by enzyme immunoassays. NCT00431353Results
The major findings were: (i) Plasma levels of the CXC-chemokine interferon-inducible protein-10 (P<0.001) and C-reactive protein (P = 0.046) were independently associated with the presence of cytomegalovirus DNAemia above lower level of quantification. (ii) High levels of CC-chemokine ligand 21 (P = 0.027) and pentraxin 3 (P = 0.033) were independently associated with tissue invasive cytomegalovirus disease as opposed to cytomegalovirus syndrome.Conclusion
Our findings illustrate the complex interaction between cytomegalovirus and the immune system, involving a wide range of inflammatory mediators that could be associated to disease manifestations in cytomegalovirus related disease. 相似文献2.
Rye Jin KIM Seung Han OH Mi Young NOH Yong Hun JO Seongon KIM In Seok BANG Yong Seok LEE Iksoo KIM Yeon Soo HAN 《Entomological Research》2010,40(4):217-224
Calreticulin (CRT) plays pivotal roles in Ca2+ homeostasis, molecular chaperoning, infection, inflammation and innate immunity. In an attempt to study the involvement of CRT in innate immunity, the full-length cDNA of calreticulin (PxCRT) was cloned from the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. It consists of 1674 bp (excluding poly-A tail) with a longest open reading frame (ORF) of 1197 bp encoding 398 amino acids. In silico analysis of PxCRT ORF reveals that it has various repeat motifs and endoplasmic reticulum retention signal found in all the calreticulin proteins. As expected, high amino acid sequence identities were found from other CRTs identified from Bombyx mori (87%), Galleria mellonella (87%), Apis mellifera (74%), Anopheles gambiae (74%), Tribolium castaneum (73%), Culex quinquefasciatus (73%), Rhodnius prolixus (72%), Nasonia vitripennis (71%), Drosophila melanogaster (71%) and Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis (68%). During development, P. xylostella expressed PxCRT predominantly in the pupal stage. In addition, spatial expression pattern analysis indicates that PxCRT was highly expressed in the silk gland. PxCRT mRNA, furthermore, was strongly induced 3 to 6 h after laminarin treatment, suggesting that PxCRT appears to be involved in immune responses and also plays an important role in the silk gland. 相似文献
3.
Julia C Jones Carmelo Fruciano Falk Hildebrand Hasan Al Toufalilia Nicholas J Balfour Peer Bork Philipp Engel Francis LW Ratnieks William OH Hughes 《Ecology and evolution》2018,8(1):441-451
There is growing recognition that the gut microbial community regulates a wide variety of important functions in its animal hosts, including host health. However, the complex interactions between gut microbes and environment are still unclear. Honey bees are ecologically and economically important pollinators that host a core gut microbial community that is thought to be constant across populations. Here, we examined whether the composition of the gut microbial community of honey bees is affected by the environmental landscape the bees are exposed to. We placed honey bee colonies reared under identical conditions in two main landscape types for 6 weeks: either oilseed rape farmland or agricultural farmland distant to fields of flowering oilseed rape. The gut bacterial communities of adult bees from the colonies were then characterized and compared based on amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. While previous studies have delineated a characteristic core set of bacteria inhabiting the honey bee gut, our results suggest that the broad environment that bees are exposed to has some influence on the relative abundance of some members of that microbial community. This includes known dominant taxa thought to have functions in nutrition and health. Our results provide evidence for an influence of landscape exposure on honey bee microbial community and highlight the potential effect of exposure to different environmental parameters, such as forage type and neonicotinoid pesticides, on key honey bee gut bacteria. This work emphasizes the complexity of the relationship between the host, its gut bacteria, and the environment and identifies target microbial taxa for functional analyses. 相似文献
4.
DspA/E is a pathogenicity factor of Erwinia amylovora that is translocated into the plant cell cytoplasm through an Hrp type III secretion system. Transient expression of dspA/E in Nicotiana benthamiana or yeast induced cell death, as it does in N. tabacum and apple as described previously. DspA/E-induced cell death in N. benthamiana was not inhibited by coexpression of AvrPtoB of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato , which inhibits programmed cell death (PCD) induced by several other elicitors in plants. Silencing of NbSGT1 , the expression of which is required for PCD mediated by several resistance proteins of plants, prevented DspA/E-induced cell death in N. benthamiana. However, silencing of NbRAR1 , or two MAP kinase kinase genes, which are required for PCD associated with many resistance genes in plants, did not prevent cell death induced by DspA/E. Silencing of NbSGT1 also compromised non-host resistance against E. amylovora . E. amylovora grew rapidly within the first 24 h after infiltration in N. benthamiana , and DspA/E was required for this early rapid growth. However, bacterial cell numbers decreased after 24 h in TRV-vector-transformed plants, whereas a dspA/E mutant strain grew to high populations in NbSGT1 -silenced plants. Our results indicate that DspA/E enhances virulence of E. amylovora in N. benthamiana, but the bacteria are then recognized by the plant, resulting in PCD and death of bacterial cells or restriction of bacterial cell growth. 相似文献
5.
THE elongation of a plant cell involves the yielding of the cell wall under the action of tensile stresses in the wall1. The rate of elongation, R, can be expressed simply as R=mW, where m is the extensibility of thé cell wall material and W is the wall pressure. Changes in either m or W have been used to explain the effect of biochemical factors on the growth rate of plant cells2,3. Cell growth is also affected by the physical environment and this becomes particularly important in the case of plant roots where soil water potential and the mechanical resistance of the soil to deformation can become rate controlling. Working with 3-5 day old radicles of Pisum sativum, growing in soil cores, we have obtained values of wall pressure in terms of these two properties and we find that the rate of root elongation can be described by a simple extensibility equation. 相似文献
6.
MARC PHILIPPE HONG‐EN JIANG KYUNGSIK KIM CHANGHWAN OH DMITRY GROMYKO MELISE HARLAND IN‐SUNG PAIK FREDERIC THÉVENARD 《Lethaia: An International Journal of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy》2009,42(4):393-406
Although the faunal elements of Far East Asian Mesozoic terrestrial biota have attracted much attention in recent years, their palaeoecology remains poorly known. In particular, features of the palaeoclimate are highly controversial. To address this point we used the Mesozoic fossil wood Xenoxylon , a genus recognized as an indicator of wet temperate biotopes and which is common in the area during the Carnian–Maastrichtian interval. We re-appraised bibliographic data and gathered new data for Xenoxylon in the Mesozoic of Far East Asia. This demonstrated that previous taxonomic approaches to the genus have been so far idiosyncratic. We examined the anatomical diversity of morphogenus Xenoxylon in Far East Asia and compared it to that of samples from Europe. This indicates that in an area centred on north-eastern China, Xenoxylon reached a level of anatomical diversity unmatched elsewhere in the world. We hypothesize that this diversity witnesses the persistence of palaeoecological conditions particularly suitable for Xenoxylon and that a wet temperate climate prevailed over most of the area throughout the Carnian–Maastrichtian interval. It is in this setting that the famous Jehol Biota probably evolved. 相似文献
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8.
JOSHI Santosh JAYALAL Udeni OH Soon-Ok LI Xin-Rong JIA Rong-Liang HUR Jae-Seoun 《菌物学报》2014,33(1):167-173
报道了宁夏沙坡头沙漠地区地衣3个中国新记录种:Fulgensia desertorum,Rinodina bischoffii和Seirophora orientalis,描述了3种地衣的表型特征,生态学特征及分布情况。 相似文献
9.
对云南茶叶农场中的附生地衣进行调查发现: 附生在茶树上的地衣有25 属, 51 种; 其中, 45 种是首次报道附生在茶树上, 包括2 个中国新记录种: 癞屑衣( Lepraria lobificans) 和阿曼原胚衣( Protoblastenia amagiensis) , 以及20 个云南新分布种。壳状地衣的共生菌丝侵入茶叶树干外皮层组织, 在生长过程中产生地衣酸, 一定程度的加速了农场中茶树的老化; 靠近茶树发芽点生长的壳状地衣和叶状地衣, 造成芽体发育不良, 对茶叶的产量和品质有一定影响。 相似文献
10.
Yong Hun JO Mi Young NOH Se Won KANG Dong Hyun KIM Seung Han OH Yong Seok LEE In Seok BANG Sook Jae SEO Iksoo KIM Yeon Soo HAN 《Entomological Research》2009,39(2):123-128
14-3-3 proteins are known to play a pivotal role in cell survival, apoptosis and signal transduction. The 14-3-3ζ isoform has been cloned and characterized from many eukaryotic organisms, including the fruit fly and silkworm. However, no study on mosquito 14-3-3 has been reported to date. In an attempt to investigate the function of 14-3-3 in midgut epithelial cells undergoing apoptosis, a cDNA library was generated from the malaria vector, Anopheles sinensis , which was treated with apoptosis-inducing Actinomycin-D. We were able to identify and obtain A. sinensis 14-3-3ζ cDNA ( Ansi14-3-3ζ ) from expressed sequence tags (EST) analysis after conducting massive sequencing of the A. sinensis cDNA library. Ansi14-3-3ζ has very high homology to 14-3-3 homologs of various insects, such as Anopheles gambiae (100%), Aedes aegypti (100%), Drosophila melanogaster (96%), Bombyx mori (93%), Apis mellifera (93%) and Mus musculus (81%), indicating that mosquito 14-3-3ζ is a highly conserved gene in diverse organisms. Analysis of temporal expression patterns showed that Ansi14-3-3ζ mRNA is highly expressed in egg, early pupae and adult stages and is also expressed, although at low levels, in fourth instar larvae and late pupae. In response to two immune elicitors (lipopolysaccharide and laminarin), no striking induction of 14-3-3ζ mRNA was observed in A. sinensis . Further studies of the precise biological function, inducibility and subcellular distribution of 14-3-3ζ are required in Plasmodium invasion-induced apoptotic midgut cells in A. sinensis in the context of the Time Bomb model. 相似文献