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1.
Orazio Cantoni Giorgio Brandi Amedeo Albano Flaminio Cattabeni 《Free radical research》1995,22(3):275-283
Cystine markedly enhanced the cytotoxic response of Escherichia coli cells to concentrations of hydrogen peroxide resulting in mode one killing, but displayed little effect in mode two killed cells. The effect of cystine was concentration-dependent over a range of 5-50 μM and did not further increase at higher levels. Cystine had similar effects in other bacterial systems.
In order to sensitize the cells to the oxidative injury, the amino acid must be present during exposure to the oxidant since no enhancement of the cytotoxic response can be observed in cystine pre-loaded cells. In addition, no further enhancement of cytotoxicity could be detected when cystine was added before and left during challenge with the oxidant. The enhancing effect of cystine on oxidative injury of E. coli cells appears to be directly mediated by the amino acid and in fact cysteic acid, the most likely oxidation product, had no effect on the killing of bacterial cells elicited by hydrogen peroxide. Other disulfide compounds such as oxidized glutathione, cystamine and dithionitrobenzoic acid only slightly increased the susceptibility of bacteria to the oxidant. The effect of the disulfides was not concentration-dependent over a range of 200-800 μM and was statistically significant only for cystamine.
Taken together, these results indicate that cystine markedly increases the cytotoxic response of bacteria to hydrogen peroxide and suggest that the amino acid might impair the cellular defence machinery against hydrogen peroxide. This effect may involve a thiol-disulfide exchange reaction at the cell membrane level. 相似文献
In order to sensitize the cells to the oxidative injury, the amino acid must be present during exposure to the oxidant since no enhancement of the cytotoxic response can be observed in cystine pre-loaded cells. In addition, no further enhancement of cytotoxicity could be detected when cystine was added before and left during challenge with the oxidant. The enhancing effect of cystine on oxidative injury of E. coli cells appears to be directly mediated by the amino acid and in fact cysteic acid, the most likely oxidation product, had no effect on the killing of bacterial cells elicited by hydrogen peroxide. Other disulfide compounds such as oxidized glutathione, cystamine and dithionitrobenzoic acid only slightly increased the susceptibility of bacteria to the oxidant. The effect of the disulfides was not concentration-dependent over a range of 200-800 μM and was statistically significant only for cystamine.
Taken together, these results indicate that cystine markedly increases the cytotoxic response of bacteria to hydrogen peroxide and suggest that the amino acid might impair the cellular defence machinery against hydrogen peroxide. This effect may involve a thiol-disulfide exchange reaction at the cell membrane level. 相似文献
2.
Maria P. Abbracchio R. Mark Evans J. Daniel Heck Orazio Cantoni Max Costa 《Biological trace element research》1982,4(4):289-301
The effects of serum components and amino acids on the uptake and cytotoxicity of NiCl2 were examined in cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. CHO cells maintained in a minimal salts/glucose medium accumulated
10-fold more63Ni than did cells maintained in complete medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. Cell-surface binding of63Ni appeared to account for the majority of this increased accumulation of cell-associated nickel observed in the simple maintenance
medium since such increases were reduced 70% by trypsin treatment. The addition of the Ni2+-binding amino acids cysteine or histidine to the salts/glucose medium markedly decreased63Ni accumulations, an effect not observed following addition of any of several amino acids that do not bind Ni2+. Supplementation of the salts/glucose medium with fetal bovine serum decreased in a concentration dependent fashion both
the63Ni2+ uptake and cell detachment caused by Ni2+, while dialyzed (amino acid-free) serum was 3–5-fold less effective than undialyzed serum at reducing63Ni2+ uptake and similarly exhibited only a slight protective effect against nickel-induced cytotoxicity. Supplementation of dialyzed
serum with cysteine at levels approximating those in whole serum partially restored its inhibitory activity toward nickel
uptake by cells and restored completely its inhibition of nickel's cytotoxicity, indicating the predominant role of specific
amino acids over serum proteins in regulating the uptake and subsequent cytotoxicity of Ni2+. Addition of cysteine to the salts/glucose medium during a 2 h exposure of cells to either 100 μM HgCl2 or 1 mM NiCl2 masked the cytotoxic effects of these metal ions. These results demonstrate the importance of extracellular small molecular
weight metal ion chelators in altering the biological effects of metal ions at the level of metal uptake. 相似文献
3.
We have previously reported that hapten specific antibodies are produced in guinea pigs immunized with certain N-substituted phosphatidylethanolamine derivatives (either free or incorporated into liposomal membranes) in complete Freund's adjuvant. In this paper, we describe the synthesis of mono(p-azobenzenearsonic acid)tyrosylphosphatidylethanolamine (ABA-Tyr-PE). Immunication with this compound (either free or present in liposomes) not only results in the formation of anti-azobenzenearsonyl antibodies, but also confers cellular immunity as manifested by delayed hypersensitivity reactions elicited by challenge with either azobenzenearsonyl-bovine serum albumin or sensitized liposomes. Thus, ABA-Tyr-PE immunized guinea pigs differ from those immunized with azobenzenearsonyl-bovine serum albumin which produce anti-bodies but do not reveal a delayed reaction. Moreover, the ABA-Tyr-PE immunized animals differ from those immunized with mono(p-azobenzenearsonic acid)tyrosine; this substance has been shown by other investigators to confer cellular immunity without antibody formation in guinea pigs. However, the deacylated homolog of ABA-Tyr-PE (i.e., mono(p-azobenzenearsonic acid)tyrosylglycerophosphorylethanolamine) has the same immunological properties as mono(p-azobenzenearsonic acid)tyrosine. These observations justify the further exploitation of liposomal model membranes as novel immunogens that are able to elicit both cell and humoral mediated immune responses. 相似文献
4.
M. A. Vincenti D. de Ceglia M. Grande A. D’Orazio M. Scalora 《Plasmonics (Norwell, Mass.)》2013,8(3):1445-1456
We present a theoretical analysis of the effects of short range surface plasmon polariton excitation on subwavelength bridges in metal gratings. We show that localized resonances in thin metal bridges placed within the slit of a free-standing silver grating dramatically modify transmission spectra and boost absorption regardless of the periodicity of the grating. Additionally, the interference of multiple localized resonances makes it possible to tailor the absorption properties of ultrathin gratings, regardless of the apertures’ geometrical size. This tunable, narrow band, enhanced–absorption mechanism triggered by resonant, short-range surface plasmon polaritons may also enhance nonlinear optical processes like harmonic generation, in view of the large third-order susceptibility of metals. 相似文献
5.
Annamaria Sinisi Barbara Calcinai Carlo Cerrano Henny A. Dien Angela Zampella Claudio D’Amore Barbara Renga Stefano Fiorucci Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2013,21(17):5332-5338
Chemical investigation of an Indonesian specimen of Theonella swinhoei afforded the new dimeric macrolides isoswinholide B (5) and swinholide K (6), along with the known swinholides A (1), B (2) and D (3) and isoswinholide A (4). Isoswinholide B showed an unprecedented 21/19′ lactonization pattern, while swinholide K included an sp2 methylene attached at C-4 and an additional oxymethine group at C-5, whose configuration has been determined through application of J-based configuration analysis. The isolated swinholides (1–6), with the exception of isoswinholide B, showed a cytotoxic activity on HepG2 (hepatocarcinoma cell line) in the nanomolar range. 相似文献
6.
Palomba L Bianchi M Persichini T Magnani M Colasanti M Cantoni O 《Free radical biology & medicine》2004,36(3):319-329
Exposure of PC12 cells to A23187 or thapsigargin caused a concentration-dependent release of arachidonic acid (AA) mediated by cytosolic phospholipase A2 (PLA2). Under the same conditions, however, analysis of nitric oxide (NO) formation revealed that activation of NO synthase (NOS) is best described by a bell-shaped curve. Reduced detection of NO observed at increasing A23187 or thapsigargin concentrations was not due to formation of peroxynitrite or to activation of NO-consuming processes, but rather to AA-dependent inhibition of NOS activity. Furthermore, NO formation observed under optimal conditions for NOS activity was suppressed by AA as well as by the PLA2 activator melittin. Finally, the effects of AA were not the consequence of direct enzyme inhibition, because this lipid messenger failed to inhibit formation of NO by purified neuronal NOS, but were mediated by an AA-dependent signaling and not by downstream products of the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. In conclusion, the present study underscores a novel mechanism whereby endogenous, or exogenous, AA promotes inhibition of NOS activity. Because AA is generated in response to various agonists acting on membrane receptors and extensively released in inflammatory conditions, these findings have important physiopathological implications. 相似文献
7.
Francesco Cerritelli Gianfranco Pizzolorusso Cinzia Renzetti Vincenzo Cozzolino Marianna D’Orazio Mariacristina Lupacchini Benedetta Marinelli Alessandro Accorsi Chiara Lucci Jenny Lancellotti Silvia Ballabio Carola Castelli Daniela Molteni Roberto Besana Lucia Tubaldi Francesco Paolo Perri Paola Fusilli Carmine D’Incecco Gina Barlafante 《PloS one》2015,10(5)
BackgroundDespite some preliminary evidence, it is still largely unknown whether osteopathic manipulative treatment improves preterm clinical outcomes.ResultsA total of 695 newborns were randomly assigned to either the study group (n= 352) or the control group (n=343). A statistical significant difference was observed between the two groups for the primary outcome (13.8 and 17.5 days for the study and control group respectively, p<0.001, effect size: 0.31). Multivariate analysis showed a reduction of the length of stay of 3.9 days (95% CI -5.5 to -2.3, p<0.001). Furthermore, there were significant reductions with treatment as compared to usual care in cost (difference between study and control group: 1,586.01€; 95% CI 1,087.18 to 6,277.28; p<0.001) but not in daily weight gain. There were no complications associated to the intervention.ConclusionsOsteopathic treatment reduced significantly the number of days of hospitalization and is cost-effective on a large cohort of preterm infants. 相似文献
8.
Malaria, a pathology caused by protozoa belonging to the genus Plasmodium, is one of the major threats to global health, with about 300–500 million new clinical cases occurring every year and 1–3
million annual deaths. The recrudescence in the number of fatal cases registered in recent years can be attributed to the
diffusion of multi-drug resistant strains of Plasmodium, which make less effective the limited armamentarium of available drugs. Living organisms are a recognized source of potentially
bioactive molecules and, among them, marine natural products are emerging as one of the most interesting sources to be exploited
for the discovery of new antimalarial compounds. In this article we will report results obtained for a single class of marine
metabolites, namely endoperoxide-containing derivatives. Many of these molecules possess a simple six-membered 1,2-dioxygenated
ring bearing two or three alkyl/aryl groups of different complexity. They can be divided according to the group linked at
one of the two endoperoxide-oxygen bearing carbons: peroxyketal derivatives (methoxy group) or non-peroxyketal derivatives
(methyl/ethyl groups). Molecules belonging to these classes show in vitro antimalarial activity in the nanomolar range on
chloroquine-resistant strains. A number of investigations gave insights into the mechanism of action of these molecules, suggesting
structural changes to optimize their antimalarial activity. 相似文献
9.