全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1283篇 |
免费 | 99篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 15篇 |
2021年 | 28篇 |
2020年 | 23篇 |
2019年 | 10篇 |
2018年 | 25篇 |
2017年 | 25篇 |
2016年 | 24篇 |
2015年 | 52篇 |
2014年 | 62篇 |
2013年 | 92篇 |
2012年 | 92篇 |
2011年 | 83篇 |
2010年 | 60篇 |
2009年 | 42篇 |
2008年 | 72篇 |
2007年 | 58篇 |
2006年 | 71篇 |
2005年 | 64篇 |
2004年 | 54篇 |
2003年 | 58篇 |
2002年 | 66篇 |
2001年 | 15篇 |
2000年 | 14篇 |
1999年 | 14篇 |
1998年 | 15篇 |
1997年 | 12篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 16篇 |
1993年 | 20篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
1967年 | 4篇 |
1965年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有1383条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Ola Broberg 《Hydrobiologia》1987,150(1):11-24
The acidified lakes Lake Gårdsjön and Lake Stora Hästevatten the reference lake have been monitored since 1979 and 1980 respectively. The lakes are situated in SW Sweden; in an area severly affected by acid deposition. Lake Gårdsjön was limed in spring 1982. This paper analyses changes in nutrient concentrations upon liming of Lake Gårdsjön. The liming of Lake Gårdsjön was followed by a slight increase in ammonium, nitrate, and dissolved organic nitrogen concentrations. A drastic decrease occurred in particulate nitrogen and particulate carbon, whereas dissolved organic carbon increased. Total phosphorus and particulate phosphorus concentrations were similar to pre-limed conditions. The long-term decrease in phosphorus concentration, exhibited by the reference lake, was not identified in Lake Gårdsjön after liming, but total phosphorus concentration was still less than half compared to Lake Gårdsjön in the early 1970's. Additional measures such as phosphorus fertilization, should in certain cases be considered in addition to liming if the goal is to restore lakes to their pre-acidic conditions. 相似文献
2.
Sulfur bacteria such as Beggiatoa or Thiomargarita have a particularly high capacity for storage because of their large size. In addition to sulfur and nitrate, these bacteria also store phosphorus in the form of polyphosphate. Thiomargarita namibiensis has been shown to release phosphate from internally stored polyphosphate in pulses creating steep peaks of phosphate in the sediment and thereby inducing the precipitation of phosphorus-rich minerals. Large sulfur bacteria populate sediments at the sites of recent phosphorite formation and are found as fossils in ancient phosphorite deposits. Therefore, it can be assumed that this physiology contributes to the removal of bioavailable phosphorus from the marine system and thus is important for the global phosphorus cycle. We investigated under defined laboratory conditions which parameters stimulate the decomposition of polyphosphate and the release of phosphate in a marine Beggiatoa strain. Initially, we tested phosphate release in response to anoxia and high concentrations of acetate, because acetate is described as the relevant stimulus for phosphate release in activated sludge. To our surprise, the Beggiatoa strain did not release phosphate in response to this treatment. Instead, we could clearly show that increasing sulfide concentrations and anoxia resulted in a decomposition of polyphosphate. This physiological reaction is a yet unknown mode of bacterial polyphosphate usage and provides a new explanation for high phosphate concentrations in sulfidic marine sediments. 相似文献
3.
4.
Jake V Bailey Verena Salman Gregory W Rouse Heide N Schulz-Vogt Lisa A Levin Victoria J Orphan 《The ISME journal》2011,5(12):1926-1935
We present evidence for a dimorphic life cycle in the vacuolate sulfide-oxidizing bacteria that appears to involve the attachment of a spherical Thiomargarita-like cell to the exteriors of invertebrate integuments and other benthic substrates at methane seeps. The attached cell elongates to produce a stalk-like form before budding off spherical daughter cells resembling free-living Thiomargarita that are abundant in surrounding sulfidic seep sediments. The relationship between the attached parent cell and free-living daughter cell is reminiscent of the dimorphic life modes of the prosthecate Alphaproteobacteria, but on a grand scale, with individual elongate cells reaching nearly a millimeter in length. Abundant growth of attached Thiomargarita-like bacteria on the integuments of gastropods and other seep fauna provides not only a novel ecological niche for these giant bacteria, but also for animals that may benefit from epibiont colonization. 相似文献
5.
Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L. cv. Poinsett 76) seeds were chilled at 2.5°C in a study of the chilling sensitivity and recovery of radicle tissue. The effect of chilling on radicle growth and the production of carbon dioxide and ethylene was measured. Chilling sensitivity of radicles increased as they grew from 1 to 7 mm in length. The length, not the age of the radicles, determined the level of chilling sensitivity. Apical tissue was most sensitive to chilling and slowest to recover from chilling, followed by subapical and basal tissue. Our data demonstrate that the chilling sensitivity of young seedling radicles differs along their length and that the rapid chilling-induced inhibition of elongation is probably due to an inability of meristematic cells to remain viable and active when chilled. 相似文献
6.
The semidian rhythm in flowering response of Pharbitis nil in relation to dark period time measurement and to a circadian rhythm 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
When seedlings of Pharbitis nil Choisy, cv. Violet, are exposed to a single inductive dark period at 27°C, brief interruptions with red light (R) can be promotive after 2–3 h of darkness but increasingly inhibitory to flowering up to the 8–9th h of darkness. This rhythmic response to R interruptions can be advanced in phase by > 1 h when the preceding light period is interrupted with far-red (FR) 2 h before darkness (FR -2 h) or with FR – 15 h, whereas FR –8 h or FR–22 h retard the rhythm. These shifts in the R interruption rhythm are paralleled by equal shifts in the length of the dark period required for flowering. Brief FR interruptions of darkness displayed a similar rhythm which was also advanced by FR –2 h and retarded by FR –8 h. We conclude therefore that the semidian rhythm in the light, which we have previously described, continues through at least the first 12 h of darkness, is manifested in the R interruption rhythm, and determines the critical night length. A circadian rhythm with a marked effect on flowering was also identified, but several lines of evidence suggest that the circadian and semidian rhythms have independent additive effects on flowering and do not appear to show phase interaction. 相似文献
7.
Fate of salmonellas and competing flora in meat sample enrichments in buffered peptone water and in Muller-Kauffmann's tetrathionate medium 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
H J Beckers J vd Heide U Fenigsen-Narucka R Peters 《The Journal of applied bacteriology》1987,62(2):97-104
Studies have been carried out in which growth patterns of a Salmonella sp. and competing micro-organisms, especially other Enterobacteriaceae, were followed during pre-enrichment in buffered peptone water (BPw) and subsequent selective enrichment in tetrathionate broth (TBB). Pre-enrichment cultures were inoculated with minced meat and three reference samples containing nalidixic acid-resistant salmonellas. Irrespective of their initial numbers in BPw, Enterobacteriaceae increased to 10(8)/ml or more. During incubation in TBB at 43 degrees C, numbers of lactose-positive Enterobacteriaceae decreased in most enrichments which resulted in a positive salmonella isolation, but remained constant in the majority of those that did not. Levels of lactose-negative Enterobacteriaceae did not decrease in most salmonella-positive tests, but did so in half of the salmonella-negative ones. In the salmonella-positive tests the numbers of salmonellas had increased to 10(3)-10(7)/ml in BPw and after transfer to TBB slowly reached 10(4)/ml or more. In all cases the numbers of salmonellas exceeded those of the competing flora on brilliant green agar (BGA). In the salmonella-negative tests the numbers of salmonellas had increased less in BPw and decreased in most of the TBB enrichments. In none of these negative tests did the numbers of salmonellas exceed those of the competing flora on BGA. Escherichia coli dominated in most of the salmonella-negative tests. The results suggest more influence of lactose-positive than lactose-negative Enterobacteriaceae on the detection of salmonellas. The effect of competing microorganisms seems to depend not only upon their initial numbers, but also upon the types that can interact with salmonellas during selective enrichment. 相似文献
8.
Lars Sundström Peter Rådström Göte Swedberg Ola Sköld 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1988,213(2-3):191-201
Summary A new gene for trimethoprim resistance, dhfrV, found in several plasmid isolates with different characteristics, was sequenced and found to correspond to a peptide of 157 amino acids showing 75% similarity with the previously characterized, drug resistant dihydrofolate reductase of type I. The sequenced surroundings of dhfrV in plasmid pLMO20, were found to be almost identical with genetic areas surrounding resistance genes in transposon Tn21 and in R plasmid R388. The trimethoprim resistance genes of pLMO20 and R388 and the spectinomycin resistance gene of Tn21 could be regarded as having been inserted, by recombination, into an evolutionary older structure containg the sulfonamide resistance gene, sulI. The latter gene was sequenced and found to correspond to a peptide of 279 amino acids and with a molecular weight of 30126 daltons. The inserted genes were found to be governed by a promoter situated in the highly conserved structure and also controlling expression of sulI. The insertion points of the different resistance genes were precisely defined, and at the 3 ends of the inserted genes inverted repeats allowing the formation of stem and loop structures were found. Similar structures were found at the 3 ends of the antibiotic resistance genes in Tn7, which could indicate similar recombination mechanisms to be effective in the evolutionary construction of all these different resistance elements. 相似文献
9.
Ola Palm W. Lionel Weerakoon M. Ananda P. de Silva Thomas Rosswall 《Plant and Soil》1988,108(2):201-209
Sesbania sesban was evaluated as green manure crop for lowland rice in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka. The legume was grown during a fallow period
before lowland rice (Oryza sativa) and ploughed under just before transplanting. Weight loss and nitrogen content in litterbags containing leaves, stems and
roots of the legume were monitored. Comparisons were made between rice yields from 20 m2 plots after green manuring in combination with different nitrogen fertilizer levels (0, 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 gm−2) and nitrogen fertilizer (9.6 gm−2) alone. Above-ground biomass ofS. sesban was 440 gm−2 (dry wt) when ploughed under after 84 days growth. N-content in leaves, stems and roots was 3.76%, 0.41% and 0.73%, respectively.
This gave a N-input fromS. sesban of 9.2 gm−2 (8.3 g from above-ground parts and 0.9 g from roots). The corresponding K and P inputs were 7.3 and 0.6 gm−2 respectively. The nitrogen rich leaves, which contained 88% of the nitrogen in the above-ground parts, decomposed and released
its nitrogen much more rapidly than the stems and roots. After only four days the leaves had released 5.3 g Nm−2 and after 14 days they had released 6.4 g Nm−2. The highest rice yield (505 gm−2) was obtained usingS. sesban and 4.8 gm−2 of N-fertilizer. The yields with only N-fertilizer or onlyS. sesban were 442 gm−2 and 396 gm−2, respectively. Due to the rapid decomposition of the nitrogen rich leaves,S. sesban did not behave as a slow release fertilizer. Thus, it is not necessary to apply nitrogen fertilizers as a basal dose. 相似文献
10.
Rates of CO2 production and O2 consumption from aged disks of carrot ( Daucus carota L.) root tissues were measured for 4 h after they were transferred from 21% to 0, 1, 2, 4 or 8% O2 in gas mixtures. A transient peak in the rate of CO2 production started 5 to 7 min after transfer to 2% or lower O2 mixtures and peaked at 50 min. After the peaks in CO2 production from the 0, 1 and 2% O2 treatments and after the stable production from the 4 and 8% O2 treatments, the rate of CO2 production from all low O2 treatments started to decline at 50 min, reaching stable rates by 160 to 240 min. Concentrations of lactate and ethanol that were significantly higher than the 21% O2 controls had started to accumulate in disks between 10 and 50 min after exposure to atmospheres containing 2% or less O2 . Production of CO2 started to increase 5 to 7 min after transfer to 0, 1 and 2% O2 , while the initial decline and then rise in pH and the accumulation of ethanol did not occur until 30 min after the change in atmosphere. Ethanol accumulation paralleled the increase in pH; first at 0.4 μmol g−1 h−1 from 30 to 60 min as the pH shifted from 5.97 to 6.11, and then at 0.08 μmol g−1 h−1 from 60 to 100 min as the pH stablized around 6.12. The peak at 50 min in CO2 production roughly coincided with the shift from the rapid to the slow change in pH and ethanol accumulation. 相似文献