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排序方式: 共有160条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Distinct effects of climate warming on populations of silver fir (Abies alba) across Europe
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An essence of fresh Venezuelan mango fruit obtained by well-established procedures possessed the characteristic aroma of the fruit. It was analysed by GC/MS using both EI and Cl. The fruit produced a relatively small quantity of aroma volatiles (ca 60 μg/kg fresh fruit), less than that obtained from many similar tropical fruits. Terpene hydrocarbons comprised ca 68% of the sample, eight monoterpenes contributing ca 54% and four sesquiterpenes contributing ca 14%. Important constituents included α-pinene, car-3-ene, limonene, γ-terpinene, α-humulene, β-selinene, acetophenone, benzaldehyde and a dimethylstyrene. Car-3-ene (26%) was the major constituent, and on odour evaluation of separated components at an odour port during GC, the peak due to this compound was described as having an aroma of mango leaves. This compound has not previously been detected among mango volatiles. The only other component providing mango aroma was a dimethylstyrene, and this too is a new mango volatile. 相似文献
4.
A.L. Kovacs E. Brosio F. Conti A. Di Nola G. Napolitano 《Chemistry and physics of lipids》1980,27(2):113-126
A partition energy method procedure was applied to select the energetically favoured conformations of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) as polar constituents of phospholipid molecules. The result indicated a large degree of freedom for the two torsion angles of the ester bond of the phosphate and a gauche, gauche star conformation for the ethane bond.A packing process of the molecule was carried out through a potential energy calculation by considering the conformers selected above, using previously published procedure and conventions. All the arrangements which possess the best packing energy values were characterised by an orientation of the PN dipolar segment parallel to the lattice plain. Rotation of the internal torsion angles and rotation in the eulerian space of the molecule produced differences in the charged groups that interact. An additional minimum was present in the energy packing process of those conformers which have the first torsion angle of the phosphate in a trans conformation. This minimum, which corresponds to an orientation of the molecule orthogonal to the lattice plane, requires a complete neutralisation of the point charges on the system.The results of the calculation underline the importance of changes in the behaviour of the polar group of the phospholipids in the packing process. 相似文献
5.
Sodium thiocyanate up to 0.5 M is compatible with a stable estradiol-t-receptor complex during sucrose gradient centrifugation; however, the maximum permissible concentration in 0.1 M during Sephadex G-100 and G-200 chromatography. When NaSCN 0.1 M is added to low-salt cytosol (approximately 7 mg of protein/ml); (1) age-dependent aggregation of receptor is inhibited; (2) peaks of estrogen-binding activity in sucrose gradients and on Sephadex chromatography are sharp; (3) instead of the usual larger molecular states ("8S") found in low salt, most of estrogen receptor is under the following form: 4.1S; Stokes radius, 36 A; mol wt 61 000; flfo, 1.25; homogeneous at electrofocusing, with isoelectric point at 6.0. When cytosol containing NaSCN 0.1 M is diluted down to 2-3 mg of protein/ml or, only for sucrose gradients, NaSCN concentration is increased to 0.4-0.5 M, the 61000 dalton species decreases, being substituted, without loss of bound estradiol-t, by the following estrogen-binding entity: 28S; Stokes radius, 28 A; mol wt 32 000; flfo, 1.44. In the presence of NaSCN, KCl up to 0.4 M does not affect in a significant manner the molecular properties of the above forms. When NaSCN is dialyzed out, most receptor reverts to a 8-9S state. When cytosol is preincubated with Ca2+ (4 mM) and KCl (0.4 M) before addition of NaSCN, the above picture is modified only in the following aspects: (1) Sephadex chromatography peaks are broader and slightly but reproducibly shifted toward higher elution volumes; (2) the electrofocusing pattern consists of a two-peak heterogeneous band shifted toward higher pH (isoelectric points 6.4 and 6.6); (3) upon dialysis of NaSCN there is little or no reversion to faster sedimenting states. These modifications appear to depend on limited proteolytic attack of receptor by Ca2+ -activated receptor transforming factor (RTF), not on binding of Ca2+ to receptor. Present data suggest that the 4.1S entity is a dimer resulting from side-by-side pairing of 2.8S subunits. Molecular dimension of larger receptor forms purified from cytosol are consistent with the hypothesis that under native conditions in vivo dimers are coupled end-by-end into tetrameric structures with two stronger (between subunits) and two weaker (between dimers) bonding regions, and that tetramers may further self-associate. While NaSCN reversibly releases native dimers and subunits by direct impairment of intersubunit bonds, Ca2+ activated RTF irreversibly and specifically releases slightly modified, about 60000 mol wt dimers, by preferential proteolytic attack of the weaker bonding regions and indirect destruction of involved bonds. In vivo, this effect of RTF may be instrumental in mobilization and nuclear penetration of receptor-estradiol complex. Heteroassociation of receptor with other proteins of cytosol is not excluded by the above hypothesis. 相似文献
6.
Rachael V. Gallagher Robert O. Makinson Patricia M. Hogbin Nola Hancock 《Austral ecology》2015,40(1):12-20
Assisted colonization is a form of conservation translocation which introduces species at risk from extinction to new habitats, beyond their current range, in anticipation of more suitable conditions. Identifying which species, communities and ecosystems may benefit most from assisted colonization in coming decades is a key goal for conservation. Climate change is expected to lead to the loss or movement of suitable habitat for a range of species and anticipating which can be effectively conserved through assisted colonization is critical. Here, we identify a series of scenarios that may predispose terrestrial species to the need for assisted colonization in order to reduce extinction risk resulting from anthropogenic climate change and assemble a list of traits commonly associated with at‐risk species. These traits may help to provide broad‐scale guidance on how to select species to target for assisted colonization as a conservation management response to climate change. We also identify six key themes associated with successful conservation translocations including recipient site selection and preparation, a clear understanding of species biology and ecology, and taking lessons from invasive species research. 相似文献
7.
P Fantazzini L Lendinara F Novello E Brosio A Di Nola 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》1984,803(4):250-253
We report the proton spin-lattice relaxation times (T1) of rat liver samples taken at different times after partial hepatectomy. The T1 values obtained are compared with those of liver samples from sham-operated rats and of liver samples from rats that had not undergone any surgical treatment. The results show that surgical stress significantly influences the T1 values of sham-operated rats both in their absolute value and in their dependence on the time after the operation, while it induces only a modest early increase of the water content. Possible effects of liver regeneration on 1H-T1 are almost completely concealed by the changes due to the surgical operation. These results emphasize the importance of the choice of a suitable control for T1 measurements in biological systems. 相似文献
8.
Armed deoxyhexose glycosyl donors are very reactive and sometimes too uncontrollably activated in glycosylation reactions; yields can be thereby reduced, especially when unreactive glycosyl acceptors are involved. In this paper, the behaviour of a range of deoxyhexose trihaloacetimidate (trichloro- and N-phenyl trifluoro-) donors is compared in some selected glycosylations towards biologically relevant targets. The selected N-phenyl trifluoroacetimidates often afforded best results in terms of both donor synthesis and glycosylation yield. 相似文献
9.
Docking of flexible ligands to flexible receptors in solution by molecular dynamics simulation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In this paper, a method of simulating the docking of small flexible ligands to flexible receptors in water is reported. The method is based on molecular dynamics simulations and is an extension of an algorithm previously reported by Di Nola et al. (Di Nola et al., Proteins 1994;19:174-182). The method allows a fast exploration of the receptor surface, using a high temperature of the center of mass translational motion, while the ligand internal motions, the solvent, and the receptor are simulated at room temperature. In addition, the method allows a fast center of mass motion of the ligand, even in solution. The dampening effect of the solvent can be overcome by applying different weights to the interactions between system subsets (solvent, receptor, and ligand). Specific ligand-receptor distances have been used to compare the results of the simulations with the crystal structure. The method is applied, as a test system, to the docking of the phosphocholine to the immunoglobulin McPC603. The results show the similarity of structure between the complex in solution and in the crystal. 相似文献
10.
The effect of protein conformational flexibility on the electronic properties of a chromophore
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In this paper we address the question of how a protein environment can modulate the absorption spectrum of a chromophore during a molecular dynamics simulation. The effect of the protein is modeled as an external field acting on the unperturbed eigenstates of the chromophore. Using a first-principles method recently developed in our group, we calculated the perturbed electronic energies for each frame and the corresponding wavelength absorption during the simulation. We apply this method to a nanosencond timescale molecular dynamics simulation of the light-harvesting peridinin-chlorophyll-protein complex from Amphidinium carterae, where chlorophyll was selected among the chromophores of the complex for the calculation. The combination of this quantum-classical calculation with the analysis of the large amplitude motions of the protein makes it possible to point out the relationship between the conformational flexibility of the environment and the excitation wavelength of the chromophore. Results support the idea of the existence of a correlation between protein conformational flexibility and chlorophyll electronic transitions induced by light. 相似文献