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1.
The sex-specific glycoprotein agglutination substance, responsiblefor sexual agglutination, solubilized from the surface of haploidcells of a or a mating type by the autoclave method had thefollowing effects on mating reaction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Sexual agglutination was inhibited by the agglutination substanceof the opposite mating type in living cells as well as in heat-killedcells. Formation of zygotes was completely inhibited, when botha and a cells were treated with the agglutination substanceof the opposite mating type. The a and a agglutination substanceswere inactivated by cells of the opposite mating type, withthe degree of inactivation being greater for the former. Theenzyme responsible for the inactivation of a agglutination substanceseems to be carboxypeptidase Y.
1 This paper is dedicated to the late Professor J. Ashida, KyotoUniversity.
2 Present address: Department of Plant Pathology, Universityof California, Davis, CA. 95616, U.S.A. (Received November 1, 1982; Accepted January 19, 1983) 相似文献
2.
Naohiko Yanagishima 《Planta》1969,87(1-2):110-118
Summary Hormone-like substances were isolated from culture media of haploid strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The one excreted by cells of mating type a made cells of the type expand; the other, excreted by type cells, made cells of the a type expand. Tentatively we call the former a hormone and the latter hormone. The cell-expanding action of the a hormone was inhibited by actinomycin D, chloramphenicol and cycloheximide. The a hormone was shown to be heat-stable and dialyzable. Both hormones could be extracted with methylene chloride. The abilities of cells to produce these hormones and to respond to them are under control by the mating-type genes. 相似文献
3.
The following results were obtained using a variant yeast strain, N55, which can respond to the cell-elongating action of auxin. Base analogs of nucleic acids (2-thiouracil, 8-azaguanine, and 5-fluorouracil) inhibited the auxin-induced elongation of yeast cells only when they were added to the preculture prior to auxin treatment. The inhibitory effect of 2-thiouracil and 5-fluorouracil was reversed by uracil and that of 8-azaguanine by guanine. Actino-mycin D inhibited the auxin-induced elongation when given to the culture containing auxin, but not when given to the preculture. The similarity in these respects between yeast and tissues of higher plants is discussed. 相似文献
4.
We describe short-term changes in foraging behavior by wild Yakushima macaques (Macaca fuscata yakui),which inhabit a warm-temperate broad—leaved forest on Yakushima Island (30°N, 131°E), Japan. Rapid changes of dietary composition,
activity budget, and range use by the monkeys occurred from May to June, apparently associated with changes in the availability
of the fruit of Myrica rubraBefore the fruit ripened, monkeys spent less time moving and more time feeding on many species of leaves, which accounted
for 40% of feeding time. However, when M. rubrabegan to ripen, they fed intensively on the fruit, which accounted for three-fourths of feeding time,though the activity budget remained unaffected As fiuit of M. rubradecreased,the monkeys fed more on the fruit of other species and on insects, and spent more time moving at higher speeds. There marked
shifts in foraging pattern occurred within only two months. In terms of moving cost and dietary quality,Yakushima macaques shifted their foraging pattern according to the availability of M. rubrafrom a “low-cost, low-yield” strategy to a “low-cost, high-yield” strategy, and then to a more costly strategy. The ability
to make such rapid shifts in foraging pattern may allow the macaques to effectively use the highly variable food supply within
their small range. 相似文献
5.
We describe short-term changes in foraging behavior by wild Yakushima macaques (Macaca fuscata yakui),which inhabit a warm-temperate broad—leaved forest on Yakushima Island (30°N, 131°E), Japan. Rapid changes of dietary composition, activity budget, and range use by the monkeys occurred from May to June, apparently associated with changes in the availability of the fruit of Myrica rubraBefore the fruit ripened, monkeys spent less time moving and more time feeding on many species of leaves, which accounted for 40% of feeding time. However, when M. rubrabegan to ripen, they fed intensively on the fruit, which accounted for three-fourths of feeding time,though the activity budget remained unaffected As fiuit of M. rubradecreased,the monkeys fed more on the fruit of other species and on insects, and spent more time moving at higher speeds. There marked shifts in foraging pattern occurred within only two months. In terms of moving cost and dietary quality,Yakushima macaques shifted their foraging pattern according to the availability of M. rubrafrom a “low-cost, low-yield” strategy to a “low-cost, high-yield” strategy, and then to a more costly strategy. The ability to make such rapid shifts in foraging pattern may allow the macaques to effectively use the highly variable food supply within their small range. 相似文献
6.
Effects of ethyl N-phenylcarbamate (EPC) on the mating reaction of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied, with special attention on the effect on the pheromone action. EPC inhibited zygote formation at a concentration which promoted induction of sexual agglutinability. EPC enhanced agglutinability induction by pheromone, but inhibited -pheromone-induced formation of large pearshaped cells in a mating type. The enhancement of agglutinability induction was accompanied with increased production of a agglutination substance and inhibition of pheromone inactivation. EPC arrested the cell cycle of a cells probably in the step controlled by CDC19, CDC35, cAMP etc., just before the step controlled by CDC28, pheromone etc.Abbreviations EPC
Ethyl N-phenylcarbamate
- PBS
0.01 M phosphate buffer solution, pH 5.5
- SPB
spindle pole body 相似文献
7.
When pheromone-pretreated cells of an inducible a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae carrying the inducible gene saa1 were incubated in a growth medium at 28°C, induction of sexual agglutinability began after a 10 min lag period. If the cells were incubated at 38°C during the lag period, no induction occurred even after incubation at 28°C. Contrary to this, if the cells were incubated at 28°C during the lag period, almost complete induction occurred, even after transfer to 38°C. Temperature shift experiments revealed that 5 min incubation at 28°C was necessary for the initiation of the temperature-sensitive period and further 5 min incubation for the completion of the period. The temperature-sensitive period was sensitive to phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride.Non-common abbreviations PBS
10-2 M phosphate buffer solution, pH 5.5
- PMSF
phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride 相似文献
8.
From cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae a factor has been extracted that destroys the agglutinability of a mating-type cells specifically. It was found in the cell extracts of diploid and tetraploid strains as well as haploid strains of a and mating types. It is heat-labile and the molecular weight is about 50000. It is adsorbed by neither a cells nor cells. Its biological activity is dependent on the incubation temperature and the pH, and is completely inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, a potent inhibitor of the serine proteases. All the results described in this paper indicate that this factor is a proteolytic enzyme. 相似文献
9.
Anzai N Miyazaki H Noshiro R Khamdang S Chairoungdua A Shin HJ Enomoto A Sakamoto S Hirata T Tomita K Kanai Y Endou H 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2004,279(44):45942-45950
The urate-anion exchanger URAT1 is a member of the organic anion transporter (OAT) family that regulates blood urate level in humans and is targeted by uricosuric and antiuricosuric agents. URAT1 is expressed only in the kidney, where it is thought to participate in tubular urate reabsorption. We found that the multivalent PDZ (PSD-95, Drosophila discs-large protein, Zonula occludens protein 1) domain-containing protein, PDZK1 interacts with URAT1 in a yeast two-hybrid screen. Such an interaction requires the PDZ motif of URAT1 in its extreme intracellular C-terminal region and the first, second, and fourth PDZ domains of PDZK1 as identified by yeast two-hybrid assay, in vitro binding assay and surface plasmon resonance analysis (K(D) = 1.97-514 nM). Coimmunoprecipitation studies revealed that the wild-type URAT1, but not its mutant lacking the PDZ-motif, directly interacts with PDZK1. Colocalization of URAT1 and PDZK1 was observed at the apical membrane of renal proximal tubular cells. The association of URAT1 with PDZK1 enhanced urate transport activities in HEK293 cells (1.4-fold), and the deletion of the URAT1 C-terminal PDZ motif abolished this effect. The augmentation of the transport activity was accompanied by a significant increase in the V(max) of urate transport via URAT1 and was associated with the increased surface expression level of URAT1 protein from HEK293 cells stably expressing URAT1 transfected with PDZK1. Taken together, the present study indicates the novel role of PDZK1 in regulating the functional activity of URAT1-mediated urate transport in the apical membrane of renal proximal tubules. 相似文献
10.
Takuma Watanobe Naotaka Ishiguro Naohiko Okumura Masuo Nakano Akira Matsui Hitomi Hongo Hiroshi Ushiro 《Journal of molecular evolution》2001,52(3):281-289
The Kabukai A site (5 to 8C A.D.) of the Okhotsk cultural area is on Rebun Island, a small island near the coast, north–northwest
of Hokkaido, Japan. Specimens of Sus scrofa, called the Sakhalin pig, were discovered in five cultural layers at the Kabukai A site. Ancient DNA was extracted from the
remains of 42 Sakhalin pig bones. Thirty-nine nucleotide sequences of the 574-bp mitochondrial DNA control region, estimated
to have originated from at least 21 individuals, were amplified and analyzed phylogenetically. Nine distinct haplotypes (A1,
A2, A3, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, and D2) from this site were classified into four haplotype groups (A, B, C, and D) by parsimonious
network analysis. Phylogenetic analysis of 9 ancient and 55 modern haplotypes indicated that the population of Sakhalin pigs
at the Kabukai A site belonged to two distinct clusters; haplotype groups A and B formed a cluster comprised only of themselves,
and haplotype groups C and D belonged to the cluster of one of the two genetic groups of Japanese wild boars uniquely distributed
in the western part of Japan, including one northeast Mongolian wild boar. Analysis of the haplotype distribution among three
archaeological sites and their historical transitions among the five layers reflecting the cultural periods at the Kabukai
A site suggests that the Sakhalin pig populations were introduced from Sakhalin island and the Amur River basin in the northeastern
Eurasian continent together with some cultural influences.
Received: 18 April 2000 / Accepted: 24 November 2000 相似文献