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排序方式: 共有315条查询结果,搜索用时 328 毫秒
1.
GD25 cells lacking the beta1 integrin subunit or expressing beta1A with certain cytoplasmic mutations have poor directed cell migration to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or epidermal growth factor (EGF), ligands of receptor tyrosine kinases, or to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a ligand of G-protein-coupled receptors (Sakai, T., Zhang, Q., F?ssler, R., and Mosher, D. F. (1998) J. Cell Biol. 141, 527-538 and Sakai, T., Peyruchaud, O., F?ssler, R., and Mosher, D. F. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 19378-19382). We demonstrate here that LPA synergizes with signals induced by beta1A integrins and ligated EGF or PDGF receptors to modulate migration. When LPA was mixed with EGF or PDGF, migration was greater than with EGF or PDGF alone. The enhancement was greater for beta1A-expressing cells than for beta1-null cells. Cells expressing beta1A with mutations of prolines or tyrosines in conserved cytoplasmic NPXY motifs had blunted migratory responses to mixtures of LPA and EGF or PDGF. The major effects on beta1A-expressing cells of LPA when combined with EGF or PDGF were to sensitize cells so that maximal responses were obtained with >10-fold lower concentrations of growth factor and increase the chemokinetic component of migration. Sensitization by LPA was lost when cells were preincubated with pertussis toxin or C3 exotransferase. There was no evidence for transactivation or sensitization of receptors for EGF or PDGF by LPA. EGF or PDGF and LPA caused activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase by pertussis toxin-insensitive and -sensitive pathways respectively, but activation was not additive. These findings indicate that signaling pathways initiated by the cytoplasmic domains of ligated beta1A integrins and tyrosine kinase receptors interact with signaling pathways initiated by LPA to facilitate directed cell migration. 相似文献
2.
Altered metabolism of thrombospondin by Chinese hamster ovary cells defective in glycosaminoglycan synthesis 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
J E Murphy-Ullrich L G Westrick J D Esko D F Mosher 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1988,263(13):6400-6406
We examined the ability of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell mutants defective in glycosaminoglycan synthesis to metabolize 125I-labeled thrombospondin (TSP). Wild type CHO cells bound and degraded 125I-TSP with kinetics similar to those reported for endothelial cells. Both binding and degradation were saturable (half-saturation at 20 micrograms/ml). When the concentration of labeled TSP was 1-5 micrograms/ml, mutant 745, defective in xylosyltransferase, and mutant 761, defective in galactosyltransferase I, bound and degraded 6- to 16-fold less TSP than wild type; mutant 803, which specifically lacks heparan sulfate chains, bound and degraded 5-fold less TSP than wild type; and mutant 677, which lacks heparan sulfate and has increased levels of chondroitin sulfate, bound and degraded 2-fold less TSP than wild type. Binding and degradation of TSP by the mutants were not saturable at TSP concentrations up to 100 micrograms/ml. Bound TSP was localized by immunofluorescence to punctate structures on wild type and, to a lesser extent, 677 cells. Heparitinase pretreatment of wild type cells caused a 2- to 3-fold decrease in binding and degradation, whereas chondroitinase pretreatment had no effect. Chondroitinase pretreatment of the 677 mutant (deficient heparan sulfate and excess chondroitin sulfate) caused a 2-fold decrease in binding and an 8-fold decrease in turnover, whereas heparitinase pretreatment had no effect. Treatment of wild type cells with both heparitinase and chondroitinase resulted in a 6- to 8-fold decrease in binding and turnover. These results indicate that cell surface proteoglycans mediate metabolism of TSP by CHO cells and that the primary effectors of TSP metabolism are heparan sulfate proteoglycans. 相似文献
3.
Thrombospondin is a substrate for blood coagulation factor XIIIa 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Thrombospondin (TSP) is released from alpha granules of activated platelets, binds to platelet surfaces, and copolymerizes with fibrin. In the present experiments, we investigated the action of factor XIIIa (plasma transglutaminase) on TSP. Factor XIIIa catalyzed incorporation of [14C]putrescine into soluble TSP and ligation of TSP to itself and to fibrin intermediates. Proteolytic digestion of [14C]putrescine-labeled TSP with trypsin or thrombin yielded a labeled disulfide-bonded core of 90 or 120-130 kilodalton (kDa) subunits, labeled fragments of less than 10 kDa, and an unlabeled 30-kDa heparin-binding fragment, indicating the presence of multiple factor XIIIa reactive glutaminyl residues located in several domains of the molecule. TSP became ligated in fibrin clots formed from amidinated fibrinogen, i.e., fibrin that could not contribute lysyl residues to factor IIIa catalyzed cross-links. The disulfide-bonded core of TSP formed upon thrombin digestion copolymerized with fibrin as efficiently as intact TSP. However, a lower proportion of the disulfide-bonded core became ligated. These results indicate that TSP, both in clots and in solution, contributes glutaminyl and lysyl residues to factor XIIIa catalyzed ligation. Cross-linking may be important in stabilizing interactions among TSP, fibrinogen, or fibrin and other molecules in hemostatic plugs. 相似文献
4.
Interaction of the 70,000-mol-wt amino-terminal fragment of fibronectin with the matrix-assembly receptor of fibroblasts 总被引:43,自引:24,他引:19
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Plasma fibronectin binds saturably and reversibly to substrate-attached fibroblasts and is subsequently incorporated into the extracellular matrix (McKeown-Longo, P.J., and D. F. Mosher, 1983, J. Cell Biol., 97:466-472). We examined whether fragments of fibronectin are processed in a similar way. The amino-terminal 70,000-mol-wt catheptic D fragment of fibronectin bound reversibly to cell surfaces with the same affinity as intact fibronectin but did not become incorporated into extracellular matrix. The 70,000-mol-wt fragment blocked binding of intact fibronectin to cell surfaces and incorporation of intact fibronectin into extracellular matrix. Binding of the 70,000-mol-wt fragment to cells was partially abolished by cleavage into 27,000-mol-wt heparin-binding and 40,000-mol-wt gelatin-binding fragments and more completely abolished by reduction and alkylation of disulfide bonds. Binding of the 70,000-mol-wt fragment to cells was not blocked by gelatin or heparin. When coated onto plastic, the 70,000-mol-wt fragment did not mediate attachment and spreading of suspended fibroblasts. Conversely, fibronectin fragments that had attachment and spreading activity did not block binding of exogenous fibronectin to substrate-attached cells. These results indicate that there is a cell binding site in the 70,000-mol-wt fragment that is distinct from the previously described cell attachment site and is required for assembly of exogenous fibronectin into extracellular matrix. 相似文献
5.
6.
Heparan sulfate-mediated binding of epithelial cell surface proteoglycan to thrombospondin 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
Purified NMuMG mouse mammary epithelial cell surface proteoglycan (PG), a membrane-intercalated core protein bearing both heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains, binds to a thrombospondin (TSP) affinity column and is eluted by a salt gradient. Double immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrates extensive co-localization of bound exogenous TSP and cells bearing exposed cell surface PG at their apical surface. The binding, as assayed by both methods, is heparitinase-sensitive, but not chondroitinase-sensitive. Alkali-released heparan sulfate chains bind to a TSP affinity column, similarly to native PG, whereas the chrondroitin sulfate chains do not. Core protein does not bind to TSP. These results indicate that NMuMG cells bind TSP via their surface PG and that the binding is mediated by the heparan sulfate chains. 相似文献
7.
Raven L. Bier Jennifer J. Mosher Louis A. Kaplan Jinjun Kan 《Environmental microbiology》2023,25(10):1860-1874
A mechanistic understanding of factors that structure spatiotemporal community composition is a major challenge in microbial ecology. Our study of microbial communities in the headwaters of three freshwater stream networks showed significant community changes at the small spatial scale of benthic habitats when compared to changes at mid- and large-spatial scales associated with stream order and catchment. Catchment (which included temperate and tropical catchments) had the strongest influence on community composition followed by habitat type (epipsammon or epilithon) and stream orders. Alpha diversity of benthic microbiomes resulted from interactions between catchment, habitat, and canopy. Epilithon contained relatively more Cyanobacteria and algae while Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria proportions were higher in epipsammic habitats. Turnover from replacement created ~60%–95% of beta diversity differences among habitats, stream orders, and catchments. Turnover within a habitat type generally decreased downstream indicating longitudinal linkages in stream networks while between habitat turnover also shaped benthic microbial community assembly. Our study suggests that factors influencing microbial community composition shift in dominance across spatial scales, with habitat dominating locally and catchment dominating globally. 相似文献
8.
Membrane particle changes attending the acrosome reaction in guinea pig spermatozoa 总被引:15,自引:11,他引:4
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To examine the freeze-fracture appearance of membrane alterations accompanying the preparation of sperm membranes for fusions-the first preparatory stage occurring before physiological release of the acrosomal content, the second afterward-we induced the acrosome reaction in capacitated guinea pig spermatozoa by adding calcium to the mixture. The most common features observed before fusion of the acrosomal and plasma membranes were the deletion of fibrillar intramembranous particles from the E-fracture faces of both membranes, and the clearance of globular particles from the P face of the plasma membrane-events taking place near the terminus of the equatorial segment. Large particles, >12nm, remained not far from the cleared E-face patches. The P face of the outer acrosomal membrane is virtually clear from the outset. In addition, when fusion was completed, occasional double lines of large particles transiently embossed the P face of the plasma membrane (postacrosomal) side of the fusion zone. Behind the line of fusion, another series of particle-cleared foci emerged. We interpreted these postfusion membrane clearances as a second adaptation for sperm-egg interaction. Induction of the acrosome reaction in media containing phosphatidylcholine liposomes resulted in their apparent attachment, incorporation, or exchange in both the originally and secondarily cleared regions. Our observations support the concepts that membranes become receptive to union at particle- deficient interfaces, and that the physiologically created barren areas in freeze-fracture replicas may herald incipient membrane fusion. 相似文献
9.
Modifications of anionic-lipid domains preceding membrane fusion in guinea pig sperm 总被引:19,自引:15,他引:4
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The relationship between anionic-lipid concentration and the functional properties of plasma-membrane domains was explored using the guinea-pig sperm membrane as a model, with polymyxin B (PXB) as a probe. Areas of plasmalemma specialized for fusion during the acrosome reaction had a higher affinity for the probe than adjacent nonfusigenic regions. In addition, capacitation--a process preceding acrosome:plasma-membrane fusion--markedly enlarged the area susceptible to PXB binding over the acrosomal cap. Protease treatment mimicked capacitation by increasing the acrosome-reaction incidence as well as PXB binding, at enzyme concentrations not affecting the surface coat nor altering filipin/sterol localization. Both proteolytic digestion and capacitation failed to augment PXB- or filipin-affinity in nonfusigenic zones, such as the post-acrosomal segment, including its particle-free maculae. Incubation of sperm in capacitating medium supplemented with 32P-labeled phosphate, followed by lipid extraction, thin-layer chromatography, and autoradiography, revealed a radioactive band comigrating with cardiolipin and phosphatidic acid. Vermiform protrusions elicited by PXB in the outer lamellae of cardiolipin- phosphatidylcholine liposomes resembled those seen in fusional regions of sperm membrane. We conclude that (a) differing concentrations of anionic lipids are found in adjacent domains of the sperm plasma membrane; (b) these domains mirror the functional regions of the membrane, with higher anionic-lipid concentrations localized over fusional zones; (c) the surface coat does not participate in the maintenance of such domains; (d) anionic-lipid synthesis may contribute to their formation; and (e) anionic-lipid concentrations increase as the membrane becomes fusionally competent, indicating that cellular modulation of lipid domains accompanies regulation of membrane function. 相似文献
10.
Gregory W. Kamykowski Deane F. Mosher Laszlo Lorand John D. Ferry 《Biophysical chemistry》1981,13(1):25-28
Shear moduli and creep compliances have been measured for four types of clots of human fibrin (about 7 ) clotted with and without human plasma fibronectin (usually 1.2 ). Fine clots (with little lateral aggregation of the fibrin protofibrils) were formed at pH 8.5, ionic strength 0.45 ; coarse clots (with substantial lateral aggregation) were formed at pH 7.5, ionic strength 0.15; in both cases with and without ligation by fibrinougase. In fine clots, the addition of fibronectin without ligation scarcely affected the shear modulus; with ligation, the modulus was decreased by a factor of 0.48. In coarse clots, the shear modulus was increased by addition of fibronectin. The increase was by a factor of 2.0 without ligation and by a factor of 2.4 with ligation. Creep and creep recovery in clots formed with and without fibronectin were similar except for the scale factor represented by the change in modulus. 相似文献