小偃6号背景下黑麦遗传物质的荧光原位杂交分析

利用普通小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)“小偃6号”与黑麦(Secale cereale L.)品种“德国白粒”杂交,选育出“小偃6号”类型带有黑麦性状的种质材料。应用总基因组原位杂交(GISH)进行检测,在8份材料中探测到黑麦染色质的存在,其中附加系3个,代换系1个,易位系4个;进一步用荧光绿标记探针pSc119.2及荧光红标记探针pAs1的双色荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术,对其中部分品系的染色体组成进行分析鉴定,结果表明:易位系BC116-1是1RS/1BL小麦/黑麦易位系,BC152-1是涉及一条1B染色体的1RS/1BL易位系, 代换系BC97-2是2R(2D)二体代换系;附加系BC122-3附加了一条6R黑麦染色体,一条6B染色体的长臂缺失。同时,对连续的总基因组原位杂交和双色荧光原位杂交技术在小麦育种中的应用进行了讨论。     

小偃6号背景下黑麦遗传物质的荧光原位杂交分析

利用普通小麦(Triticum aesttvum L.)"小偃6号"与黑麦(Secale cereale L.)品种"德国白粒"杂交,选育出"小偃6号"类型带有黑麦性状的种质材料.应用总基因组原位杂交(GISH)进行检测,在8份材料中探测到黑麦染色质的存在,其中附加系3个,代换系1个,易位系4个;进一步用荧光绿标记探针pScll9.2及荧光红标记探针pAsl的双色荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术,对其中部分品系的染色体组成进行分析鉴定,结果表明:易位系BCll6-1是1RS/1BL小麦/黑麦易位系,BCl52-l是涉及一条lB染色体的1RS/1BL易位系,代换系BC97-2是2R(2D)二体代换系;附加系BCl22-3附加了一条6R黑麦染色体,一条6B染色体的长臂缺失.同时,对连续的总基因组原位杂交和双色荧光原位杂交技术在小麦育种中的应用进行了讨论.     

Molecular cytogenetic analysis of Aegilops cylindrica host.

The genomic constitution of Aegilops cylindrica Host (2n = 4x = 28, DcDcCcCc) was analyzed by C-banding, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using the DNA clones pSc119, pAs1, pTa71, and pTA794. The C-banding patterns of the Dc- and Cc-genome chromosomes of Ae. cylindrica are similar to those of D-and C-genome chromosomes of the diploid progenitor species Ae. tauschii Coss. and Ae. caudata L., respectively. These similarities permitted the genome allocation and identification of the homoeologous relationships of the Ae. cylindrica chromosomes. FISH analysis detected one major 18S-5.8S-25S rDNA locus in the short arm of chromosome 1Cc. Minor 18S-5.8S-25S rDNA loci were mapped in the short arms of 5Dc and 5Cc. 5S rDNA loci were identified in the short arm of chromosomes 1Cc, 5Dc, 5Cc, and 1Dc. GISH analysis detected intergenomic translocation in three of the five Ae. cylindrica accessions. The breakpoints in all translocations were non-centromeric with similar-sized segment exchanges.