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1.
The assembly of a large physical map of genomes requires simultaneous analysis of many cosmid clones for overlapping regions. The search for overlapping regions may be achieved by various means. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) provides an alternative to gel electrophoresis since microgram amounts of each DNA fragment may be collected into individual test tubes for further analysis. HPLC has been used to identify overlapping cosmid clones from a pool of cosmid DNA containing the terminal portion of the long arm of the human X chromosome (Xq24-qter). Among 400 cosmids analyzed, 3 were shown to overlap. 相似文献
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Michelle de C. S. Azevedo Patricia S. Rosa Cleverson T. Soares Luciana R. V. Fachin Ida Maria F. D. Baptista William J. Woods Gustavo P. Garlet Ana Paula F. Trombone Andrea de F. F. Belone 《PloS one》2015,10(12)
Jorge Lobo’s disease (JLD) is a chronic infection that affects the skin and subcutaneous tissues. Its etiologic agent is the fungus Lacazia loboi. Lesions are classified as localized, multifocal, or disseminated, depending on their location. Early diagnosis and the surgical removal of lesions are the best therapeutic options currently available for JLD. The few studies that evaluate the immunological response of JLD patients show a predominance of Th2 response, as well as a high frequency of TGF-β and IL-10 positive cells in the lesions; however, the overall immunological status of the lesions in terms of their T cell phenotype has yet to be determined. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the pattern of Th1, Th2, Th17 and regulatory T cell (Treg) markers mRNA in JLD patients by means of real-time PCR. Biopsies of JLD lesions (N = 102) were classified according to their clinical and histopathological features and then analyzed using real-time PCR in order to determine the expression levels of TGF-β1, FoxP3, CTLA4, IKZF2, IL-10, T-bet, IFN-γ, GATA3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-33, RORC, IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22 and to compare these levels to those of healthy control skin (N = 12). The results showed an increased expression of FoxP3, CTLA4, TGF-β1, IL-10, T-bet, IL-17F, and IL-17A in lesions, while GATA3 and IL-4 levels were found to be lower in diseased skin than in the control group. When the clinical forms were compared, TGF-β1 was found to be highly expressed in patients with a single localized lesion while IL-5 and IL-17A levels were higher in patients with multiple/disseminated lesions. These results demonstrate the occurrence of mixed T helper responses and suggest the dominance of regulatory T cell activity, which could inhibit Th-dependent protective responses to intracellular fungi such as L. loboi. Therefore, Tregs may play a key role in JLD pathogenesis. 相似文献
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A method for determination of the redox level of plastoquinoneA in spinach chloroplasts is described. Plastoquinone A andits reduced form plastoquinol A were extracted from chloroplastson a sample-preparation cartridge (SEP-PAK C18 Cartridge, WatersAssoc. Inc.) with a mixture of ethanol and diethyl ether ( 1: 1, vv). Extracts were separated by reversed-phase high-performanceliquid chromatography and examined with an electrochemical detectorequipped with dual electrodes. Plastoquinone A was determinedby its reductive current on one electrode, and plastoquinolA by its oxidative current on the other electrode. This method was applied to the determination of the redox potentialof plastoquinone A in chloroplasts. The midpoint potential atpH 7.8 of plastoquinone A was +20 mV with an n number of 2. (Received March 30, 1987; Accepted August 3, 1987) 相似文献
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Heike Schmidt Rüdiger Bode Ida A. Samsonova Dieter Birnbaum 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》1989,31(5-6):463-466
Summary Mutants of Candida maltosa were isolated that lacked saccharopine reductase (lys9) and saccharopine dehydrogenase (lys1) and were able to accumulate -aminoadipate--semialdehyde (AASA) in the cell and excrete it into the culture medium. The effects of incubation time, lysine concentration, and carbon and nitrogen sources on AASA production were examined. In the presence of 15 g glucose/1, 1.25 g NH4H2PO4/l and 50 mg l-lysine/l in a minimal salt medium C. maltosa G285 (lys1) produced about 80–90 mg AASA/l during 48 h of growth. A simple and rapid procedure to isolate AASA from the medium using Dowex 50X4 is described. 相似文献
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Heritability, phenotypic and genetic correlations of egg characteristics of Japanese quail were investigated to obtain basal information on breeding, strain identification and genetic monitoring. For this study, 3230 eggs produced from 323 female were used. Measurement were taken on egg weight, yolk weight, albumen weight, shell weight, egg shape index, albumen height, specific gravity, shell thickness, shell strength and yolk color. Heritability estimates of egg characteristics were high and ranged from 0.62 to 0.84. Diverse phenotypic and genetic correlations were observed among egg characteristics. These results indicate that individual selection should be the most efficient method of improving egg characteristics and that consideration should be given to the interrelationship of characteristics to accomplish genetic improvement. The possibility exists these assays of egg characteristics can be used for strain identification and genetic monitoring without killing an individual of quail. 相似文献
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Neonatal polycythemia is a perinatal complication in infants of diabetic mothers. The cord CBC (complete blood counts), serum iron, transferrin and ferritin concentrations were studied in newborn infants of 9 GDM (gestational diabetes), 21 NIDDM (noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), and 8 IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) mothers. The RBC (red blood cell) count, Hb (hemoglobin) and Hct (hematocrit) of these infants were higher than control infants. There was no difference between the serum iron concentration of the infants of each group diabetic mothers and the infants in the control group, but the transferrin concentration was significantly higher and the ferritin was significantly lower in the infants of diabetic mothers than in those of control mothers. There was a significant negative correlation between transferrin and ferritin (r = -0.491 p less than 0.001). Erythropoiesis is considered to be enhanced in the fetuses of diabetic mothers, and the iron needed for erythropoiesis is reportedly transported from the mother to the fetus according to the demands of the fetus, but the iron storage was shown to be reduced in the fetuses of diabetic mothers. 相似文献
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Studies on DNA markers (D4S10 and D4S43/S127) genetically linked to Huntington's disease in Japanese families 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ichiro Kanazawa Ikuko Kondo Joh-E Ikeda Teruaki Ikeda Yuichior Shizu Mitsuo Yoshida Hirotaro Narabayashi Shigetoshi Kuroda Hisayuki Tsunoda Eiji Mizuta Yoko Okuno Kiyotaka Sugawara Miho Murata Mafuyu Takahashi James F. Gusella 《Human genetics》1990,85(3):257-260
Summary This is the first full report on the genetic linkage between Japanese Huntington's disease and the DNA markers D4S10 and D4S43/S127. With use of the HindIII, BglI, and EcoRI polymorphisms detected at D4S10, and the combination of all these polymorphisms to give composite haplotypes, nine Japanese Huntington's disease families were found to be informative. Three recombinants for D4S10 were detected in these families, giving a maximum lod score of 1.662 at a of 0.10. Similarly, when we used the MspI and PvuII polymorphisms detected by D4S43/S127, five families gave informative results. No recombinant was detected in these families, giving a maximum lod score of 3.348 at a of 0.00. These results clearly support the view that the Japanese Huntington's disease gene may be identical with the Western gene, in spite of the lower prevalence rate in Japan. 相似文献