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排序方式: 共有237条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Relationship between a 47-kDa cytoplasmic membrane polypeptide and nitrate transport in Anacystis nidulans 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
M N Sivak C Lara J M Romero R Rodríguez M G Guerrero 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1989,158(1):257-262
The polypeptide composition of cytoplasmic membranes of the cyanobacterium Anacystis nidulans changes in response to variations in the nitrogen source available to the cells, differing specifically in the amount of a polypeptide of 47-kDa molecular mass. Synthesis of the polypeptide and expression of nitrate transport activity are repressed by ammonium. Transfer of ammonium-grown cells to a medium containing nitrate as the sole nitrogen source results in parallel development of the 47-kDa polypeptide and nitrate transport activity of the cells. These results suggest the involvement of the 47-kDa cytoplasmic membrane polypeptide in nitrate transport by A. nidulans. 相似文献
2.
Summary The properties of agglutination by plant lectins, along with chromosome patterns, were examined in a variety of mammalian
cell types. Untransformed adult and embryonic cells in culture, direct mouse spleen cell preparations, SV40-transformed 3T3
cells, and trypsinized 3T3 cells were all highly agglutinable with concanavalin A and with wheat germ agglutinin. In contrast,
untreated cells of the contact-inhibited 3T3 line were alone among the cells tested in their low agglutinability. Chromosome
analysis of the cultured cells showed that karyotypic variation from the diploid to an aneuploid state in mouse and rat embryo
cultures was not accompanied by a change in agglutinability. Adult rat lung, adult monkey kidney, and embryonic human lung
cells, which were all highly agglutinable, showed the normal diploid pattern. Thus, agglutination of cells by plant lectins
appears to be a cellular property often associated with non-neo-plastic cells.
This investigation was supported by Grants CA-12503 and ES-00260 from the National Institutes of Health, United States Public
Health Service. 相似文献
3.
Nucleotide sequence of the FNR-regulated fumarase gene (fumB) of Escherichia coli K-12 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
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The nucleotide sequence of a 3,162-base-pair (bp) segment of DNA containing the FNR-regulated fumB gene, which encodes the anaerobic class I fumarase (FUMB) of Escherichia coli, was determined. The structural gene was found to comprise 1,641 bp, 547 codons (excluding the initiation and termination codons), and the gene product had a predicted Mr of 59,956. The amino acid sequence of FUMB contained the same number of residues as did that of the aerobic class I fumarase (FUMA), and there were identical amino acids at all but 56 positions (89.8% identity). There was no significant similarity between the class I fumarases and the class II enzyme (FUMC) except in one region containing the following consensus: Gly-Ser-Xxx-Ile-Met-Xxx-Xxx-Lys-Xxx-Asn. Some of the 56 amino acid substitutions must be responsible for the functional preferences of the enzymes for malate dehydration (FUMB) and fumarate hydration (FUMA). Significant similarities between the cysteine-containing sequence of the class I fumarases (FUMA and FUMB) and the mammalian aconitases were detected, and this finding further supports the view that these enzymes are all members of a family of iron-containing hydrolyases. The nucleotide sequence of a 1,142-bp distal sequence of an unidentified gene (genF) located upstream of fumB was also defined and found to encode a product that is homologous to the product of another unidentified gene (genA), located downstream of the neighboring aspartase gene (aspA). 相似文献
4.
Purification and characterization of two transcribed repetitive DNA fractions from the pigeon genome
Two fractions of the repeats belonging to intermediate frequency repetitive DNA were isolated from the total pigeon nuclear DNA fragmented to about 450 nucleotides. One fraction was designated as rare repeats (repetition frequency about 35 per haploid genome) and another termed as moderate repeats (repetition frequency about 2500 per haploid genome). The rare repeats, which constitute about 7% of the total DNA, include at least 75% of the repetitive DNA sequences transcribed into the high molecular fraction (>45S) of HnRNA in erythroid cells. These repeats have properties compatible with the characteristics of the class of low frequency interspersed DNA found in genomes of many other Metazoan species. The moderate repeats contribute only about 10–20% of the total repetitive DNA copies present in >45S HnRNA and differ from the rare repeats in some other properties. — The possible role of the rare repeats in the genome is discussed. 相似文献
5.
J. G. Sivak 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》1982,146(3):345-349
Summary The winter flounder,Pseudopleuronectes americanus, is mildly hyperopic. However, chromatic aberration exists in significant amounts and therefore the eye may be emmetropic (zero refractive error) in natural conditions when light is restricted to shorter wavelengths. Large accommodative lens motion was observed along the direction of the pupil axis. This direction is rare among the teleosts and is the result of the unusual split origin of the retractor lentis muscle. While the lens is spherical, as in other teleosts, the retina is not uniformly distant from the lens. Rather, a vertical asymmetry exists such that dorsal and ventral portions of the retina are further from the lens than the central retina. In view of the existing large accommodative ability, this distortion of the globe is not likely to have an optical function but is probably due to the shape of the cartilagenous scleral cup supporting the eye in its extraorbital location. Further, the lens is overcorrected for spherical aberration so that rays passing through the periphery of the lens are focused further away. The value of a lens of this type is unclear. 相似文献
6.
J. G. Sivak W. R. Bobier B. Levy 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》1978,125(4):335-339
Summary Previous authors have suggested that in certain aquatic birds a transparent nictitating membrane of high refractive index could compensate for the refractive loss of the cornea in water. Measurements of refractive indices, refractive state and curvature carried out on a number of aquatic birds indicate that the nictitating membrane does not have a refractive function; the refractive indices of the cornea and nictitating membrane are very similar (approximately 1.37), the nictitating membrane does not alter the refractive state of the eye, and its curvature, when it is in place in front of the globe, is virtually the same as that of the cornea.This research was supported by grants from the National Research Council of Canada and the Canadian National Sportsmen's Fund. The assistance of Mote Marine Laboratory, The Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, the Niska Wildlife Foundation and the Felicadades Wildlife Foundation is gratefully acknowledged. The herring gulls and black guillemots were provided by Dr. W.B. Kinter. In addition, the authors are grateful for the assistance provided by Drs. J.L. Lincer and D. Peakall and Mr. R. Orleib. 相似文献
7.
Photosynthesis Research - Two-dimensional electronic spectra (2DES) provide unique ways to track the energy transfer dynamics in light-harvesting complexes. The interpretation of the peaks and... 相似文献
8.
Jeremiah G. Plass-Johnson Marc H. Taylor Aidah A. A. Husain Mirta C. Teichberg Sebastian C. A. Ferse 《PloS one》2016,11(4)
Changes in the coral reef complex can affect predator-prey relationships, resource availability and niche utilisation in the associated fish community, which may be reflected in decreased stability of the functional traits present in a community. This is because particular traits may be favoured by a changing environment, or by habitat degradation. Furthermore, other traits can be selected against because degradation can relax the association between fishes and benthic habitat. We characterised six important ecological traits for fish species occurring at seven sites across a disturbed coral reef archipelago in Indonesia, where reefs have been exposed to eutrophication and destructive fishing practices for decades. Functional diversity was assessed using two complementary indices (FRic and RaoQ) and correlated to important environmental factors (live coral cover and rugosity, representing local reef health, and distance from shore, representing a cross-shelf environmental gradient). Indices were examined for both a change in their mean, as well as temporal (short-term; hours) and spatial (cross-shelf) variability, to assess whether fish-habitat association became relaxed along with habitat degradation. Furthermore, variability in individual traits was examined to identify the traits that are most affected by habitat change. Increases in the general reef health indicators, live coral cover and rugosity (correlated with distance from the mainland), were associated with decreases in the variability of functional diversity and with community-level changes in the abundance of several traits (notably home range size, maximum length, microalgae, detritus and small invertebrate feeding and reproductive turnover). A decrease in coral cover increased variability of RaoQ while rugosity and distance both inversely affected variability of FRic; however, averages for these indices did not reveal patterns associated with the environment. These results suggest that increased degradation of coral reefs is associated with increased variability in fish community functional composition resulting from selective impacts on specific traits, thereby affecting the functional response of these communities to increasing perturbations. 相似文献
9.
Ocellatin‐PT antimicrobial peptides: High‐resolution microscopy studies in antileishmania models and interactions with mimetic membrane systems
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Mayara Oliveira Ana Georgina Gomes‐Alves Carla Sousa Mariela Mirta Marani Alexandra Plácido Nuno Vale Cristina Delerue‐Matos Paula Gameiro Selma A. S. Kückelhaus Ana M. Tomas José Roberto S. A. Leite Peter Eaton 《Biopolymers》2016,105(12):873-886
Although the mechanism of action of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is not clear, they can interact electrostatically with the cell membranes of microorganisms. New ocellatin‐PT peptides were recently isolated from the skin secretion of Leptodactylus pustulatus. The secondary structure of these AMPs and their effect on Leishmania infantum cells, and on different lipid surface models was characterized in this work. The results showed that all ocellatin‐PT peptides have an α‐helix structure and five of them (PT3, PT4, PT6 to PT8) have leishmanicidal activity; PT1 and PT2 affected the cellular morphology of the parasites and showed greater affinity for leishmania and bacteria‐mimicking lipid membranes than for those of mammals. The results show selectivity of ocellatin‐PTs to the membranes of microorganisms and the applicability of biophysical methods to clarify the interaction of AMPs with cell membranes. 相似文献
10.
Stimulation of voltage-dependent calcium channels during capacitation and by progesterone in human sperm 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
González-Martínez MT Bonilla-Hernández MA Guzmán-Grenfell AM 《Archives of biochemistry and biophysics》2002,408(2):205-210
To fertilize, mammalian sperm must undergo two sequential steps that require activation of calcium entry mechanisms, capacitation and acrosomal exocytosis, induced in the latter case by the egg zona pellucida glycoprotein ZP3 or by progesterone. Voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCC) could participate in these processes. Since patch clamp recordings are extremely difficult in mature sperm, the activity of VDCC has been alternatively analyzed with optical detectors of membrane potential and intracellular calcium in sperm populations. Using this approach, we previously reported that in human sperm there is a voltage-dependent calcium influx system that strongly indicates that human sperm are endowed with functional VDCC. In this study we developed evidence indicating that calcium influx through VDCC is significantly stimulated during sperm in vitro capacitation and by progesterone action, which is present in the follicular fluid that surrounds the egg. The observed effects of capacitation and progesterone on VDCC may be physiologically significant for sperm-egg interaction. 相似文献