The AKR1B1 inhibitor epalrestat suppresses the progression of cervical cancer

Molecular Biology Reports - Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Identifying an effective treatment with fewer side effects is imperative, because all...     

毛竹细胞色素P450的基因组学分析

细胞色素P450单加氧酶(P450s)是一类在450 nm处有特征吸收峰的血红素硫蛋白基因超家族,在许多物质代谢中至关重要,还与解毒代谢密切相关。在毛竹基因组中鉴定出41个P450家族,共197个成员,涉及10个基因簇(clan)。通过基因结构与进化树的比较,进一步了解结构与进化之间的联系。通过与水稻和拟南芥一起构建的进化树,分析了毛竹P450基因家族的差异性。二级结构分析表明,毛竹P450蛋白序列同样具备有P450蛋白特征性结构域。在毛竹中,共有104个P450基因能够在不同生长发育时期有不同程度的表达。     

Isolation and characterization of seventy-nine full-length <Emphasis Type="Italic">mariner</Emphasis>-like transposase genes in the Bambusoideae subfamily

Mariner-like elements (MLEs) are the most diverse and widespread transposable elements, with members of the MLE superfamily found in fungi, plants, ciliates and animals. In a previous study, we characterized 82 MLE transposase gene fragments (average length 383 bp) in 44 bamboo species, indicating that MLEs are widespread, abundant and diverse in the Bambusoideae subfamily. In this study, we isolated 79 full-length MLE transposase genes from 63 bamboo species representing 38 genera in six subtribes mainly found in China. The transposases were highly conserved, mostly uniform in length and contained intact DNA-binding motifs and DD39D catalytic domains with few notable frameshift, indel and nonsense mutations. This suggested the MLEs are probably still mobile, not yet affected by vertical inactivation. A phylogenetic tree of the Bambusoideae subfamily established using ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences was incongruent with a second tree based on the MLE transposase genes. This evidence, together with the presence of near-identical MLEs in distantly related species and diverse MLEs in closely related species, indicates that MLEs have evolved in a distinct manner, probably independently of speciation events in the subfamily. The evolution and diversity of MLE transposase genes in the Bambusoideae subfamily is discussed.     

Distribution and polymorphism of Mariner-like elements in the Bambusoideae subfamily

Picea omorika (Pan?.) Purk. is a relict from the Arcto-Tertiary flora with its entire current natural range confined to an area of only 10,000 km² within the Balkans, a region well known as a Quaternary refugium. We have amplified the second intron of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit1 gene in 200 trees originating from ten natural populations to assess the phylogeographic structure and history of this conifer. Five haplotypes harbouring different numbers of 34-bp minisatellites were detected, revealing haplotypic richness of 3.007 and gene diversities H _S = 0.075 and H _T = 0.225. More interestingly, despite the very small distribution range of P. omorika and its dispersal by wind, non-random distribution of haplotypes was observed, resulting in an unexpectedly high estimate of population differentiation (G _ST = 0.668), and 56.8% of molecular variation assigned to variation among populations. Those findings suggest substantial isolation of populations and their partitioning into two gene pools characterized by different history and levels of genetic diversity, and very limited seed flow in this species (Nm = 0.25). They support the hypothesised early arrival of P. omorika in the Balkan region, and residence within this refugium during several ice ages at least. We demonstrate that the assessment of genetic diversity and structuring are not straightforward in species confined to refugial regions, and that past microvicariance might bias formal phylogeographic (G _ST = N _ST = 0.668) and isolation-by-distance analysis (r = 0.028, P > 0.05).     

Development,characterization and utilization of GenBank microsatellite markers in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phyllostachys pubescens</Emphasis> and related species

Public sequence databases provide a rapid, simple and cost-effective source of microsatellite markers. We analyzed 1,532 bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) sequences available in public domain DNA databases, and found 3,241 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci comprising repeats of two or more nucleotides in 920 genomic survey sequences (GSSs) and 68 cDNA sequences. This corresponded to one SSR per 336 bp of GSS DNA and one SSR per 363 bp of cDNA. The SSRs consisted of 76.6 and 74.5% dinucleotide repeats, 20.0 and 22.3% trinucleotide repeats, and 3.4 and 3.2% higher-number repeats in the GSS DNA and cDNA sequences, respectively. The repeat motif AG/CT (or GA/TC) was the most abundant. Nineteen microsatellite markers were developed from Class I and Class II SSRs, showing that the limited polymorphism in Ph. pubescens cultivars and provenances could be attributed to clonal propagation of the bamboo plant. The transferability of the microsatellites reached 75.3%, and the polymorphism of loci successfully transferred was 66.7% for six additional Phyllostachys species. Microsatellite PBM014 transferred successfully to all six species, showed rich polymorphism, and could serve as species-specific alleles for the identification of Phyllostachys interspecies hybrids.