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1.
2.
C T Evans C J Corbin C T Saunders J C Merrill E R Simpson C R Mendelson 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1987,262(14):6914-6920
3.
We have isolated the delta-globin gene of the New-World spider monkey,
Ateles geoffroyi, and compared its nucleotide sequence with those of other
primate delta- and beta-globin genes. Among primate delta-globin genes, the
rate of nonsynonymous substitutions is much less than the rate of
synonymous substitutions. This suggests that primate delta- globin genes
may remain under evolutionary conservation, perhaps because hemoglobin A2
has an as yet unknown physiological importance.
相似文献
4.
Regulation of Bacillus subtilis macrofiber twist development by D-cycloserine. 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
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N H Mendelson 《Journal of bacteriology》1988,170(5):2336-2343
The effect of D-cycloserine on the establishment of twist states in Bacillus subtilis macrofibers was examined. Macrofibers produced in the presence of the drug differed in twist compared with those produced in its absence. The degree of twist alteration was dependent on the concentration of D-cycloserine in the growth medium. Macrofibers of different twist states representative of the entire twist spectrum from tight left-handedness to tight right-handedness were produced in strains FJ7 and C6D in four different ways: by control of the concentration of D-alanine, magnesium sulfate, or ammonium sulfate in the growth medium or by control of the growth temperature. The structures so produced were used to determine the effect of D-cycloserine on twist establishment starting from different twist states throughout the twist spectrum. In all but one case, twist resulting from growth in the presence of D-cycloserine was further towards the left-hand end of the twist spectrum than that produced in its absence, the exception being the unusual left-handed twist states produced in strains C6D and the closely related RHX 11S at high D-alanine concentrations described here. Studies of the interaction between D-cycloserine and D-alanine both used alone and used independently with the other twist-modifying systems (temperature, magnesium sulfate, and ammonium sulfate) revealed that changes in twist resulting from D-cycloserine were always in the opposite direction from those resulting from D-alanine. This antagonism suggests that the biochemical mechanism of twist regulation involves the metabolism of peptidoglycan, particularly reactions involving D-alanine or the dipeptide D-alanyl-D-alanine. This antagonism suggests that the biochemical mechanism of twist regulation involves the metabolism of peptidoglycan, particularly reactions involving D-alanine or the dipeptide D-alanyl-D-alanine. The possibility that peptidoglycan cross-linking is involved is discussed. 相似文献
5.
Two monoclonal antibodies, which were elicited against histone H5, bind to purified rat liver chromatin and to rat liver H1o but not to rat liver H1. The monoclonal antibodies were immobilized on CNBr-Sepharose and the resulting immunoaffinity column was used to fractionate rat liver oligonucleosomes. Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting experiments indicate that the nucleosomes bound to the column were tenfold enriched in their content of H1o. Oligonucleosomes, prepared from the livers of either untreated or 3-methylcholanthrene-treated adult rats, were fractionated on the anti-H1o affinity column. The DNA purified from the unfractionated nucleosomes, from the unbound nucleosomes and from the nucleosomes which were bound to the column was examined with various 32P-labeled probes. A slight enrichment in H1o was detected in the coding region of the rat albumin gene. In contrast DNA which was bound to the column was significantly depleted in sequences hybridizing with total cellular RNA (which contains mostly ribosomal RNA) and with sequences hybridizing to the 3'-terminal region of a cytochrome P-450 gene, which is inducible by the chemical carcinogen 3-methylcholanthrene, regardless of whether isolated from control or from carcinogen-treated rat livers. Our experiments clearly demonstrate that chromatin can be efficiently immunofractionated. The results suggest that the H1o content of chromatin regions containing genes which are constitutively transcribed is not necessarily different from that of regions containing non-transcribed genes and that highly inducible genes may be segregated into chromatin regions which are depleted of H1o. 相似文献
6.
C R Mendelson E E Wright C T Evans J C Porter E R Simpson 《Archives of biochemistry and biophysics》1985,243(2):480-491
Aromatase cytochrome P-450 (P-450AROM) was partially purified from human placental microsomes by hydrophobic affinity chromatography using Phenyl-Sepharose and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. The resulting preparation had a specific activity of 2 nmol/mg protein with respect to cytochrome P-450 content and displayed a type I difference spectrum upon addition of the substrate androstenedione. When the cytochrome P-450-enriched fractions were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and stained with Coomassie blue, there was an enrichment of two proteins having apparent molecular weights of 50,000 and 55,000. The bands containing these proteins were removed from unstained polyacrylamide gels and injected separately or together into three rabbits. An aliquot of the serum or an immunoglobulin (IgG) fraction prepared from the serum of the rabbit injected with the 55-kDa band or with both the 50- and 55-kDa bands inhibited aromatase activity of human placental microsomes by 80%; this IgG had no effect on 17 alpha-hydroxylase or 21-hydroxylase activities of human fetal adrenal microsomes. In contrast, the serum of the rabbit injected with the 50-kDa band had little capacity to inhibit placental aromatase activity. By immunoblot analysis, it was found that the IgG from the serum of the rabbit immunized with the 55-kDa protein bound specifically to a protein of 55 kDa in human placental microsomes. Monoclonal antibodies were prepared from a hybridoma cell line derived from the spleen cells of mice immunized against the 55-kDa protein. The monoclonal IgG was covalently linked to a Sepharose 4B column and was used for immunoaffinity chromatography of cytochrome P-450AROM. The finding that cytochrome P-450 and the 55-kDa protein were selectively retained by the affinity column and eluted with NaCl (2 M) and glycine (0.2 M, pH 3.0) and that this fraction contained aromatase activity upon reconstitution with purified NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase and phospholipid, is indicative that the 55-kDa protein is indeed cytochrome P-450AROM. These findings are also indicative that both the monoclonal and polyclonal IgGs are specific for human cytochrome P-450AROM. 相似文献
7.
Temperature-pulse-induced "memory" in Bacillus subtilis macrofibers and a role for protein(s) in the left-handed-twist state 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
Macrofibers in steady-state growth at one temperature were subjected to pulses of various durations at a temperature at which the opposite helix hand would form and then returned to the initial temperature. In an upshift pulse (20 to 48 degrees C), at least 3 min of incubation was required to induce a transient inversion that occurred later after return to 20 degrees C. Longer pulses resulted in shorter delays in onset of the transient inversion. This "memory" of a brief high-temperature pulse suggests that even a small amount of material can influence the twist of the entire macrofiber. Similar results were found for temperature downshift pulses corresponding to the opposite inversion. Adding chloramphenicol during the temperature pulse blocked the establishment of memory associated with the right-to-left inversion but not that associated with left-to-right inversion. In contrast, inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis with D-cycloserine during the temperature pulse did not prevent establishment of memory. Inhibiting protein synthesis in mutants fixed as left-handed structures over the entire temperature range induced conversion to right-handedness but did not affect mutants fixed as right-handed structures. Adding protease to either live or formaldehyde-killed macrofibers always induced rotations of right-handed orientation. Steady-state growth in the presence of protease was found to shift the initial macrofiber twist towards the right-hand end of the twist spectrum. The phenomenon was observed in several mutants with different initial twists. 相似文献
8.
Biochemical pathways in prokaryotes can be traced backward through evolutionary time 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
For the first time, a credible prokaryotic phylogenetic tree is being
assembled by Woese and others using quantitative sequence analysis of
oligonucleotides in the highly conservative rRNA. This provides an
evolutionary scale against which the evolutionary steps that led to the
arrangement and regulation of contemporary biochemical pathways can be
measured. This paper presents an emerging evolutionary picture of aromatic
amino acid biosynthesis within a large superfamily assemblage of
prokaryotes that is sufficiently developed to illustrate a new perspective
that will be applicable to many other biochemical pathways.
相似文献
9.
The effects of the benzodiazepine antagonist CGS 8216 (2-phenylpyrazolo[4,3-c]quinoline-3(5H)-one) were examined in a thirsty rat conflict test in the presence and absence of pentobarbital. CGS 8216 (2.5-10 mg/kg i.p.) did not affect nonpunished responding, but doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg significantly reduced the rate of punished responding (i.e., the number of 3 second drinking episodes in a "shock" contingency). However, a dose of CGS 8216 which did not significantly alter punished responding (2.5 mg/kg) antagonized the anticonflict actions of pentobarbital. These observations suggest that while high doses of CGS 8216 may elicit an "anxiogenic" response in rodents, lower doses of CGS 8216 antagonize the anticonflict actions of a compound which has been shown to enhance benzodiazepine affinity in vitro. These data imply that the anticonflict actions of pentobarbital may be mediated through benzodiazepine receptors. 相似文献
10.
D A Shafer A Falek J J Madden F Tadayon M Pline P J Bokos J C Kuehnle J Mendelson 《Mutation research》1983,109(1):73-82
The SCE base level frequency and SCE levels induced by far-UV (254 nm) treatment of cells in early G1 and early S phases of the cell cycle were significantly higher in leukocytes from heroin addicts as compared to controls. The increased SCE levels in addicts was greatest at base level and smallest after UV irradiation of cells in S phase. These results corroborate and extend our previous findings of increased chromosome damage and reduced DNA-repair synthesis in heroin users. Since opiates do not directly damage DNA, the elevated cytogenetic effects associated with opiate use probably arise from secondary promotional effects related to opiate-mediated alterations in leukocyte metabolism. 相似文献