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Neural crest cell differentiation is responsive to a variety of extrinsic signals that include extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and growth factors. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) has diverse, cell type-specific effects, many of which involve regulation of synthesis of ECM molecules and their cell surface receptors. We are studying both separate and potentially interrelated influences of ECM and growth factors on crest differentiation and report here that TGF-beta alters several aspects of crest cell behavior in vitro. Clusters of quail neural crest cells were cultured in the presence and absence of 400 pM TGF-beta 1 and examined at 1, 3, and 5 days. When examined at 5 days, there was a dramatic decrease in the number of melanocytes in treated cultures, regardless of the onset or duration of TGF-beta treatment. With continuous TGF-beta treatment, or with treatment only during crest cluster formation on explanted neural tubes, many cells increased in area, becoming extremely flat. These changes were evident beginning on Day 3. While quantitative analyses of video images documented the size increase, several aspects of motility were relatively unchanged. Synthesis of fibronectin (FN) by approximately 11% of cells on Day 3 and 31% of cells on Day 5 was demonstrated by immunocytochemistry and was associated with a sixfold increase in FN mRNA by Day 5. Experiments which correlated FN immunoreactivity with incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine suggested that the population of large, flat, FN-positive cells did not proliferate selectively and that there was a slower rate of proliferation in TGF-beta-treated cultures than in untreated cultures. The large FN-immunoreactive cells resemble cells derived from cephalic neural crest and raise interesting questions concerning potential roles for TGF-beta in regulating crest differentiation in vivo. 相似文献
3.
急性脑梗死约占全部脑卒中的70%,病死率和致残率高,且极易复发。但目前针对急性脑梗死在时间窗内溶栓、抗凝等治疗手段不能从根本上切实有效地修复受损脑组织,且伴有出血等风险。寻找脑梗死形成发展的原因并予以治疗迫在眉睫。酸中毒是引起缺血性脑损伤的重要机制。大量实验研究表明,酸中毒能加重神经元的缺血性损伤,且其梗死面积与酸中毒的程度直接相关。但缺血产生的酸中毒如何引起神经元损伤的确切机制尚不明确。最近研究发现酸中毒能激活一种在中枢及周围神经中广泛存在的膜通道,即酸敏感离子通道,它对Ca2+通透,能引起细胞内Ca2+超载,同时能激活胞内酶引起细胞内蛋白质、脂类及核酸的降解,加重缺血后脑损伤。本文就酸敏感离子通道1a与脑梗死做一综述。 相似文献
4.
黑龙江省三江平原丹顶鹤的数量分布 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在地面调查的基础上,我们使用Y-11轻型飞机对黑龙江省三江平原地区的丹顶鹤的数量分布近行了调查,调查时飞行高度80米,航速140公里/小时,续航里程共3748公里。调查结果表明,丹顶鹤在三江平原主要分布在8个地区,其中嘟噜河下游、洪河自然保护区、七星河流域和兴凯湖低地是主要繁殖地,总数量共309只。 相似文献
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在整理青海省蚤类标本中,发现长刺双蚤 Amphipsylla longispina Scalon, 1950一新亚种,记述如下。 长刺双蚤共和亚种 Amphipsylla longis pina gongheensis新亚种 鉴别特征 新亚种可动突前缘较直,不动突较细长,阳茎钩突端部似鸟头状; 相似文献
6.
Structural relatedness of lysis proteins from colicinogenic plasmids and icosahedral coliphages 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The host-lysis-inducing functions of phi X174 protein E and MS2 protein L
were recently shown to reside on the N-terminal and C-terminal halves of
the two respective lysis proteins. In the present study it is shown that
the small lysis proteins encoded in various colicinogenic plasmids share
local sequence similarities and certain structural characteristics with the
essential peptides of their coliphage-coded counterparts. Despite their
dissimilar sizes and origins, it is suggested that the colicinogenic lysis
proteins are functionally analogous and evolutionarily related to those of
icosahedral single- stranded DNA and RNA phages.
相似文献
7.
本实验在14只麻醉开胸狗心脏上观察了氟碳乳剂与右旋糖酐稀释血液对心肌耗氧量与供应缺血心肌氧量关系的影响。以左室压力-时间指数(SPTI)作为心肌耗氧量的指标,根据冠脉有效侧支血流量(ECF)、PaO_2和 Hb 浓度计算供应缺血心肌的氧量。实验结果表明,低分子右旋糖酐稀释血液后,SPTI 暂时性轻度增加(稀释后30min 时较对照增加7.1±2.7%,P<0.05,稀释后60min 时增加2.8±1.2%,P>0.05),ECF 明显增多(稀释后30min 时较对照增加58.5±6.1%,P<0.01),缺血区边缘心肌氧供需关系未发生明显变化。氟碳乳剂稀释血液后,SPTI 的变化规律与右旋糖酐稀释后相同(稀释后30min 和60min 时分别较对照增加2.5±0.7%和1.9±0.8%)ECF 和 PaO_2升高(稀释后30min 时分别较对照增加53.9±6.7%和93±8.9%),供应缺血心肌的氧量显著增加,缺血区边缘心肌氧供需矛盾明显改善。 相似文献
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R Schmutzler J F van Uem K Elkind-Hirsch D Hahn J L McGuire D R Danforth G D Hodgen 《Journal of medical primatology》1988,17(5):281-285
Preliminary data indicate the potential utility of an implantable subcutaneous device that facilitates chronic intravenous infusion of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) for ovulation induction. GnRH distribution curves were congruent in control monkeys and those with implanted devices. Tissue tolerance was good in this brief trial. These findings suggest that use of this or a similar implantable device be considered for chronic GnRH administration in human pulse therapy. 相似文献