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Twelve fungi namelyAlternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A niger, A ochraceus, Actinomucor repens, Capnodoium spp., Curvularia lunata, Fusarium
pallidoroseum, F solani, F verticillioides, Penicillium citrinum and Rhizopus stolonifer were recorded from samples ofAegle marmelos, Aesculus indica, Buchanania lanzan andPinus gerardiana. In case ofPrunus amygdalus only Rstolonifer was recorded. A significant variation in pattern of mycoflora incidence was observed in terms of source and season. Fungal
infestation in most of the substrates was found to be highest during monsoon. Aflatoxins were the most common mycotoxins elaborated
by different isolates ofA flavus obtained fromA marmelos, B lanzan andP gerardiana. The amount of aflatoxins produced by the toxigenic isolates ofA flavus was in the range of traces to 0.9–26.0 μg/ml inA marmelos, 0.8–17.5 μg/ml inP gerardiana and 0.65–13.2 μg/ml inB lanzan. The percentage toxigenicity was comparatively lower in the isolates of other mycotoxigenic fungi. Aflatoxins were detected
almost in all the samples analyzed for mycotoxin contamination. However, traces of zearalenone were detected inA marmelos. The concentration of aflatoxin B1 was in the range of 0.13–0.75 μg/g inA marmelos, 0.09–0.60 μg/g inP gerardiana and 0.01–0.20 ug/g inB lanzan. Mycotoxins were not detected inAesculus indica andPrunus amygdalus. 相似文献
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MtDNA and Y-Chromosome Lineages in the Yakut Population 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Puzyrev V. P. Stepanov V. A. Golubenko M. V. Puzyrev K. V. Maximova N. R. Kharkov V. N. Spiridonova M. G. Nogovitsina A. N. 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2003,39(7):816-822
The structure of female (mtDNA) and male (Y-chromosome haplotypes) lineages in the Yakut population was examined. To determine mtDNA haplotypes, sequencing of hypervariable segment I and typing of haplotype-specific point substitutions in the other parts of the mtDNA molecule were performed. Y haplogroups were identified through typing of biallelic polymorphisms in the nonrecombining part of the chromosome. Haplotypes within haplogroups were analyzed with seven microsatellite loci. Mitochondrial gene pool of Yakuts is mainly represented by the lineages of eastern Eurasian origin (haplogroups A, B, C, D, G, and F). In Yakuts haplogroups C and D showing the total frequency of almost 80% and consisting of 12 and 10 different haplopypes, respectively, were the most frequent and diverse. The total part of the lineages of western Eurasian origin (Caucasoid) was about 6% (4 haplotypes, haplogroups H, J, and U). Most of Y chromosomes in the Yakut population (87%) belonged to haplogroup N3 (HG16), delineated by the T–C substitution at the Tat locus. Chromosomes of haplogroup N3 displayed the presence of 19 microsatellite haplotypes, the most frequent of which encompassed 54% chromosomes of this haplogroup. Median network of haplogroup N3 in Yakuts demonstrated distinct starlike phylogeny. Male lineages of Yakuts were shown to be closest to those of Eastern Evenks. 相似文献
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Siela?N.?Maximova Larence?Alemanno Ann?Young Nicole?Ferriere Abdoulaye?Traore Mark?J.?GuiltinanEmail author 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2002,38(3):252-259
Summary The development of efficient tissue culture systems for cacao holds the potential to contribute to the improvement of this
tropical erop by providing a rapid and efficient vegetative propagation system for multiplication of elite genotypes. It may
also find application in facilitation of germplasm movement across quarantine borders, enhancement of germplasm conservation
via cryo-preservation, and development of genetic transformation systems. Somatic embryogenesis using floral tissue explants
was previously the only tissue culture procedure for regeneration of cacao. We report the development of a secondary embryogenesis
system utilizing primary somatic embryo cotyledon explants, which results in up to a 30-fold increase in somatic embryo production
compared to primary somatic embryogenesis. The influence of genotype on the efficiency of the system was evaluated. To understand
the cellular origins and developmental pathways operative in this system, we investigated the morphological changes occurring
over time using light and scanning electron microscopy. While primary embryos arise from clusters of cells forming embryonic
nodules, secondary embryos arise predominantly from the division of single cells, in a pathway reminiscent of zygotic embryogenesis.
These results have important significance to the application of tissue culture to cacao improvement programs. 相似文献
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Polyana C Tizioto Jeremy F Taylor Jared E Decker Caio F Gromboni Mauricio A Mudadu Robert D Schnabel Luiz L Coutinho Gerson B Mour?o Priscila SN Oliveira Marcela M Souza James M Reecy Renata T Nassu Flavia A Bressani Patricia Tholon Tad S Sonstegard Mauricio M Alencar Rymer R Tullio Ana RA Nogueira Luciana CA Regitano 《遗传、选种与进化》2015,47(1)
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1. Examining male residents of the Russian Far-East, changes in their heart rate structures and temperature variations on the hand surfaces under hypoxic and local cold factor were studied.
2. Reliable differences in statistical and spectral-wave indices of human heart rate and hand surface thermal pattern depending on the level of nonspecific resistance.
3. It is possible to select persons resistant to low temperature and oxygen deficiency by their heart rate responses to hypoxia and local cold impacts. 相似文献
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