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The aim of this study is to investigate the involvement of an efflux pump in the development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to zinc pyrithione (ZnPT). In the presence of efflux inhibitor carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl-hydrazone (CCCP), the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnPT for P. aeruginosa resistant cells is reduced significantly (p < 0.05). In addition, the concentration of ZnPT excluded by the resistant bacteria was reduced significantly (p < 0.01). However, the above reductions did not reach the levels measured for P. aeruginosa PAO1 sensitive strain. Furthermore, such changes in P. aeruginosa resistant cells were correlated with the overexpression of outer membrane proteins, reduced sensitivity toward imipenem (p < 0.01) and increased sensitivity toward sulphatriad and chloramphenicol (p < 0.05). In a continuation to a previous study, we conclude that P. aeruginosa resistance to ZnPT is multifactorial and involves induced efflux systems.
Suzanne Abdel Malek is currently on leave from Petra University, and a
member at the Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi
Arabia. 相似文献
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Khaldon Bodoor Abdulhameed Ghabkari Ziad Jaradat Asem AlKhateeb Saied Jaradat Mohammed A. Al-Ghazo Ismail Matalka Hisham Musleh Yazan Haddad 《Cancer epidemiology》2010,34(6):724-732
Bladder cancer accounts for nearly 5% of all newly diagnosed cancers in Jordan, with a much higher frequency in males. Recent studies have shown that activating mutations in FGFR3 are the most common findings in non-invasive low grade bladder tumors. In this study, we, retrospectively, investigated a cohort of 121 bladder cancer patients with various grades and stages of the tumor for molecular changes in FGFR3. Overexpression of FGFR3 was observed in 49%, 34%, 15%, and 2% of pTa, pT1, pT2, and pT3 cases, respectively. Further, FGFR3 expression was positive in 45%, 26%, and 30% of G1, G2 and G3 cases, respectively. Mutational analysis of exons 7, 10 and 15 of FGFR3 identified four previously reported mutations, namely R248C (n = 4; 10%), S249C (n = 23; 59%), Y375C (n = 7; 18%), G382R (n = 4; 10%), and one novel mutation, G382E (n = 1; 3%). Our results indicate that both mutations and overexpression of FGFR3 are correlated together, and are more prevalent in early stage (pTa and pT1) and low grade (G1 and G2) bladder tumors. Survival analysis showed no contribution of changes in FGFR3 on the patient's survival. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis of overall survival for the following variables: age, gender, stage and grade of tumor, and FGFR3 (expression and mutation) revealed that age, stage and grade of tumor are independent predictors of overall survival in patients with bladder cancer. Our work is the first to address the molecular status of FGFR3 in Jordanian patients with bladder cancer, and provides further support for FGFR3 as a key player in the initiation of bladder tumors. 相似文献
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Amjad Mahasneh Amal Jubaili Ahmed El Bateiha Mohammad Al-Ghazo Ismail Matalka Mousa Malkawi 《Genetics and molecular biology》2012,35(4):725-733
The arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) enzymes detoxify a wide range of naturally occurring xenobiotics including carcinogens and drugs. Point mutations in the NAT2 gene result in the variant alleles M1 (NAT2 *5A), M2 (NAT2*6A), M3 (NAT2*7) and M4 (NAT2 *14A) from the wild-type WT (NAT2 *4) allele. The current study was aimed at screening genetic polymorphisms of NAT2 gene in 49 lung cancer patients, 54 colorectal cancer patients and 99 cancer-free controls, using PCR-RFLP. There were significant differences in allele frequencies between lung cancer patients and controls in the WT, M2 and M3 alleles (p < 0.05). However, only M2 and M3 allele frequencies were different between colorectal cancer patients and controls (p < 0.05). There was a marginal significant difference in the distribution of rapid and slow acetylator genotypes between lung cancer patients and controls (p = 0.06 and p = 0.05, respectively), but not between colorectal cancer patients and controls (p = 1.0 and p = 0.95, respectively). Risk of lung cancer development was found to be lower in slow acetylators [odds ratio (OR): 0.51, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.25, 1.02, p-value = 0.07]. No effect was observed in case of colorectal cancer. Our results showed that NAT2 genotypes and phenotypes might be involved in lung cancer but not colorectal cancer susceptibility in Jordan. 相似文献
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Matalka KZ 《Cytokine》2003,21(4):187-194
Prolactin, an anterior pituitary hormone, has been shown to have a role in immunomodulation. Some reports have shown the importance of prolactin in activating lymphocytes and macrophages, while in hyperprolactinemia patients, prolactin was found to decrease lymphocyte activation and natural killer function. In the present work, at physiological (15ng/ml) and stress-induced levels (30ng/ml) of prolactin, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin (IL)-12 p70 levels, but not of IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), increased significantly (p<0.05-0.006) in phytohemeagglutinin (PHA)+lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated whole blood. However, no such effect was observed at high concentrations of prolactin (100-300ng/ml). In addition, 15ng/ml of prolactin reversed hydrocortisone suppressive effect on IFN-gamma, IL-12 p70, and IL-10 production in PHA+LPS-stimulated whole blood. On the other hand, in LPS-stimulated whole blood, prolactin enhanced significantly (p=0.027) the production levels of IL-10, but not of IFN-gamma, IL-12 p70, and TNF-alpha, in non-concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest that prolactin modulates cytokine response during antigenic response, and this modulation is stimulus specific. 相似文献
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