We are proposing graphene (G)-based multilayered plasmonic spatial switch, operating at 10 THz. It is composed of hBN/Ag/hBN/G/hBN/G/hBN/SiO2/p+-Si multilayers. When a 10-THz transverse magnetic (TM)-polarized signal is normally incident upon the structure top surface, the nanoaperture devised in the Ag nanolayer, acting as a grating, excites surface plasmons at the top graphene micro-ribbons/hBN interface. These surface plasmons depending on the graphenes chemical potentials can be coupled to the lower-right or left graphene micro-ribbons and continue to propagate laterally towards the corresponding output port. Numerical simulations show that a change of ∆VG ≈ ± 2.7 V in the voltage, applied to the gated micro-ribbons, can modulate their chemical potentials sufficiently to switch the right (left) output port from ON (OFF) to OFF(ON) and vice versa. Besides its low power consumption, the switch ultra-small dimensions make it a potential spatial router suitable for THz-integrated circuit applications.
The host-lysis-inducing functions of phi X174 protein E and MS2 protein L
were recently shown to reside on the N-terminal and C-terminal halves of
the two respective lysis proteins. In the present study it is shown that
the small lysis proteins encoded in various colicinogenic plasmids share
local sequence similarities and certain structural characteristics with the
essential peptides of their coliphage-coded counterparts. Despite their
dissimilar sizes and origins, it is suggested that the colicinogenic lysis
proteins are functionally analogous and evolutionarily related to those of
icosahedral single- stranded DNA and RNA phages.
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