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1.
We perform first principles total energy calculations to investigate the atomic structures of the adsorption of phenol (C6H5OH) on hexagonal boron nitride (BN) sheets. Calculations are done within the density functional theory as implemented in the
DMOL code. Electron-ion interactions are modeled according to the local-spin-density-approximation (LSDA) method with the
Perdew-Wang parametrization. Our studies take into account the hexagonal h-BN sheets and the modified by defects d-BN sheets.
The d-BN sheets are composed of one hexagon, three pentagons and three heptagons. Five different atomic structures are investigated:
parallel to the sheet, perpendicular to the sheet at the B site, perpendicular to the sheet at the N site, perpendicular to
the central hexagon and perpendicular to the B-N bond (bridge site). To determine the structural stability we apply the criteria
of minimum energy and vibration frequency. After the structural relaxation phenol molecules adsorb on both h-BN and d-BN sheets.
Results of the binding energies indicate that phenol is chemisorbed. The polarity of the system increases as a consequence
of the defects presence which induces transformation from an ionic to covalent bonding. The elastic properties on the BN structure
present similar behavior to those reported in the literature for graphene. 相似文献
2.
A putative GDP–GTP exchange factor is required for development of the excretory cell in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Norio Suzuki Matthew Buechner Kiyoji Nishiwaki David H. Hall Hiroyuki Nakanishi Yoshimi Takai Naoki Hisamoto Kunihiro Matsumoto 《EMBO reports》2001,2(6):530-535
The Caenorhabditis elegans excretory cell extends tubular processes, called canals, along the basolateral surface of the epidermis. Mutations in the exc-5 gene cause tubulocystic defects in this canal. Ultrastructural analysis suggests that exc-5 is required for the proper placement of cytoskeletal elements at the apical epithelial surface. exc-5 encodes a protein homologous to guanine nucleotide exchange factors and contains motif architecture similar to that of FGD1, which is responsible for faciogenital dysplasia. exc-5 interacts genetically with mig-2, which encodes Rho GTPase. These results suggest that EXC-5 controls the structural organization of the excretory canal by regulating Rho family GTPase activities. 相似文献
3.
Diana Oliveri Simona Candiani Manuela Parodi Eva Bertini Mario Pestarino 《Polar Biology》2005,28(5):366-371
The immunohistochemical distribution of serotonin-containing nerve fibres and cells has been described in the brain of the Antarctic fish, Trematomus bernacchii. The largest serotonergic system was associated with the diencephalic and rhombencephalic ventricles. In particular, serotonin-positive cells have been found in the lateral recess and neuropile zone of the diencephalic ventricle, where we have identified the serotonergic portion of the paraventricular organ. Numerous serotonin cells were localized in the dorsal nucleus of the raphe, the dorsal tegmental nucleus and the central gray. Two large cell groups, arranged in a pair of well-defined columns and connecting the central gray with the dorsal reticular formation, were immunostained in the region of the trigeminal nuclei. In addition, few positive cells have been found in the preoptic area and the cerebellar valvula, and few serotonergic nerve fibres, probably belonging to the lateral lemniscus, have been identified. The distribution of serotonin elements in the brain of T. bernacchii has been compared with that described in other fish, where it showed some modifications in the immunoreactive pattern. Finally, the lack of a serotonergic system at the level of the reticular superior formation has been reported; however, it was not possible to rule out a phylogenetic or environmental explanation. 相似文献
4.
Masayo Suzuki Hiroyuki Ishida Yukimasa Shiotsu Taisuke Nakata Shiro Akinaga Shigemitsu Takashima Toshiaki Utsumi Toshiaki Saeki Nobuhiro Harada 《The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology》2009,113(3-5):195-201
In order to evaluate the importance of estrogen production in tumor and surrounding tissues, we measured mRNA expression levels of 5 enzymes participating to estrogen synthesis in situ and 4 breast cancer-related proteins in 27 pairs of tumor and non-malignant tissues. Steroid sulfatase (STS) mRNA was more frequently detected in tumor tissues rather than in their non-malignant counterparts. Estrogen sulfotransferase (EST) was constantly expressed with high level not only in tumor tissues but also in their surrounding non-malignant counterparts. In contrast, mRNA expression levels of aromatase, and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I and II were relatively low and detected only in small proportion of the patients. We also measured the mRNA expression levels of the same nine genes in tumor tissues of 197 breast cancer patients, and analyzed relationship between the mRNA expression level and the clinicopathological parameters. The mRNA expression levels of STS, aromatase and erbB2 in tumor tissues increased as breast cancer progressed. The tumoral mRNA expression levels of STS, estrogen receptor β, and erbB2 in patients with recurrence were higher than those in patients without recurrence. Upregulation of STS expression plays an important role in tumor progression of human breast cancer and is considered to be responsible for estrogen production in tumor and surrounding tissues. 相似文献
5.
Hiroyuki Kozu Isao Kobayashi Mitsutoshi Nakajima Kunihiko Uemura Seigo Sato Sosaku Ichikawa 《Food biophysics》2010,5(4):330-336
This paper uses computational fluid dynamics to simulate and analyze intragastric fluid motions induced by human peristalsis.
We created a two-dimensional computational domain of the distal stomach where peristalsis occurs. The motion of the gastric
walls induced by an antral contraction wave (ACW) on the wall of the computational domain was well simulated using a function
defined in this study. Retropulsive flow caused by ACW was observed near the occluded region, reaching its highest velocity
of approximately 12 mm/s in the narrowest region. The viscosity of the model gastric contents applied in this study hardly
affected the highest velocity, but greatly affected the velocity profile in the computational domain. The shear rate due to
gastric fluid motion was calculated using the numerical output data. The shear rate reached relatively high values of approximately
20 s−1 in the most occluded region. The shear rate profile was almost independent of the fluid viscosity. We also simulated mass
transfer of a gastric digestive enzyme (pepsin) in model gastric content when peristalsis occurs on the gastric walls. The
visualized simulation results suggest that gastric peristalsis is capable of efficiently mixing pepsin secreted from the gastric
walls with an intragastric fluid. 相似文献
6.
Masaki Saito Hiroyuki Tanaka Masako Sasaki Hitoshi Kurose Norimichi Nakahata 《Cellular signalling》2010,22(1):41-46
The physiological role of the thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor expressed on glial cells remains unclear. We previously reported that 1321N1 human astrocytoma cells pretreated with dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP) became swollen in response to U46619, a TXA2 analogue. In the present study, we examined the detailed mechanisms of TXA2 receptor-mediated cell swelling in 1321N1 cells. The cell swelling caused by U46619 was suppressed by expression of p115-RGS, an inhibitory peptide of Gα12/13 pathway and C3 toxin, an inhibitory protein for RhoA. The swelling was also inhibited by treatment with Y27632, a Rho kinase inhibitor and 5-(ethyl-N-isopropyl)amiloride (EIPA), a Na+/H+-exchanger inhibitor. Furthermore, cell swelling was suppressed by the pretreatment with aquaporin inhibitors mercury chloride or phloretin in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting that aquaporins are involved in U46619-induced 1321N1 cell swelling. In fact, U46619 caused [3H]H2O influx into the cells, which was inhibited by p115-RGS, C3 toxin, EIPA, mercury chloride and phloretin. This is the first report that the TXA2 receptor mediates water influx through aquaporins in astrocytoma cells via TXA2 receptor-mediated activation of Gα12/13, Rho A, Rho kinase and Na+/H+-exchanger. 相似文献
7.
8.
Koichi Inoue Akiko Yamaguchi Megumi Wada Yoshihiro Yoshimura Tsunehisa Makino Hiroyuki Nakazawa 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》2001,765(2):3469-126
Due to the ubiquity of epoxy resin compounds and their potential role in increasing the risk for reproductive dysfunction and cancer, the need for an assessment of human exposure is urgent. Therefore, we developed a method for measuring bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) metabolites in human blood samples using high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Human blood samples were processed using enzymatic deconjugation of the glucuronides followed by a novel sample preparation procedure using a solid-phase-cartridge column. This selective analytical method permits rapid detection of the metabolites, free BPA and a hydrolysis product of BADGE (BADGE-4OH) with detection limits in the low nanogram per milliliter range (0.1 ng ml−1 of BPA and 0.5 ng ml−1 of BADGE-4OH). The sample extraction was achieved by Oasis HLB column on gradient elution. The recoveries of BPA and BADGE-4OH added to human plasma samples were above 70.0% with a standard deviation of less than 5.0%. This selective, sensitive and accurate method will assist in elucidating potential associations between human exposure to epoxy-based compounds and adverse health effects. 相似文献
9.
Hiroyuki Akita 《Biocatalysis and Biotransformation》1996,13(3):141-156
Water-insoluble compounds can be substrates for enzymatic reactions when lipases are immobilized properly and suitable organic solvents are used. In this review, three type of lipase immobilization method and their application to the asymmetric syntheses of complex molecules are described. Lipases immobilized with Celite or synthetic prepolymers such as urethane prepolymer and photo-crosslinkable resin prepolymer have been applied for the kinetic resolution of many kinds of water-insoluble substrate.
Phospholipid-lipase aggregates with ether linkages are novel and have been found to function effectively as immobilized lipases in asymmetric hydrolysis or esterification reactions in water-saturated organic solvent. The phospholipid-lipase aggregates are considered to have a stacked bilayer based on X-ray diffraction analysis structure of the lipid in the crystalline phase. 相似文献
Phospholipid-lipase aggregates with ether linkages are novel and have been found to function effectively as immobilized lipases in asymmetric hydrolysis or esterification reactions in water-saturated organic solvent. The phospholipid-lipase aggregates are considered to have a stacked bilayer based on X-ray diffraction analysis structure of the lipid in the crystalline phase. 相似文献
10.
Hironori Hirata 《Bulletin of mathematical biology》1982,44(5):697-704
This paper has studied the evolution of a predator-prey Volterra-Lotka ecosystem with saturation effect for the general case
where both predator and prey evolve. We have interesting results under the evolutional condition, as follows: (1) the predator
population and the ratio of predator to prey populations increase; (2) the parameters of the prey drift in the direction of
increasing multiplication rate and saturation level, while the parameters of the predator drift in the direction of decreasing
death rate. 相似文献