全文获取类型
收费全文 | 659篇 |
免费 | 50篇 |
专业分类
709篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 5篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 7篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 19篇 |
2015年 | 32篇 |
2014年 | 25篇 |
2013年 | 41篇 |
2012年 | 45篇 |
2011年 | 40篇 |
2010年 | 19篇 |
2009年 | 18篇 |
2008年 | 30篇 |
2007年 | 27篇 |
2006年 | 29篇 |
2005年 | 22篇 |
2004年 | 19篇 |
2003年 | 30篇 |
2002年 | 13篇 |
2001年 | 14篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 11篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 11篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 6篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 13篇 |
1989年 | 16篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
1971年 | 5篇 |
1968年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有709条查询结果,搜索用时 10 毫秒
1.
Effect of vanadate of PHA-induced proliferation of human lymphocytes from young and old subjects 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M Marini G Zunica G P Bagnara C Franceschi 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1987,142(3):836-842
The effect of sodium orthovanadate on mitogen-induced proliferation of lymphocytes from young and old human subjects is reported. We found that vanadate is not mitogenic per se; it has an inhibitory effect during the first 3 days of culture, when both differentiation and proliferation take place; it enhances DNA synthesis, acting as a co-mitogen, in the following days of culture, when proliferation prevails. In spite of the fact that lymphocytes from the two groups differ in their responsiveness to PHA and in the activity of (Na+,K+)ATPase, no difference was found as for the effects of vanadate. 相似文献
2.
Ritanserin, a serotonin-S2 receptor antagonist, does not prevent 5-hydroxytryptophan-induced beta-EP, beta-LPH and cortisol secretion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
F Facchinetti E Martignoni G Nappi S Marini F Petraglia G Sandrini A R Genazzani 《Hormone research》1987,27(1):42-46
Ritanserin, a new serotonin antagonist selective upon S2 receptor subclass is available. Thus, in order to better define the positive control of serotoninergic pathway on proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-related peptide release, a group of 7 healthy male volunteers has been submitted to a 5-hydroxytryptophane (5-OH-TP) test (200 mg p.o.) before and after 4 days Ritanserin pretreatment. Plasma beta-endorphin (beta-EP), beta-lipotropin (beta-LPH) and cortisol levels were measured hourly for 4 h after each 5-OH-TP loading. Hormonal levels were measured by specific RIAs on extracted (cortisol) and chromatographed (beta-EP and beta-LPH) plasma samples. Basal plasma concentrations of the three hormones were unchanged by Ritanserin pretreatment. Similarly, the integrated areas of beta-LPH, beta-EP and cortisol release in response to 5-OH-TP remained unaffected by the receptor blockade. These data confirm that serotonin-acting drugs are able to stimulate POMC-related peptide release and indicate that such interaction is not mediated through S2 receptor subclass. 相似文献
3.
Metabolic and morphologic properties of single muscle fibers in the rat after spaceflight, Cosmos 1887 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
B Miu T P Martin R R Roy V Oganov E Ilyina-Kakueva J F Marini J J Leger S C Bodine-Fowler V R Edgerton 《FASEB journal》1990,4(1):64-72
The adaptation of a slow (soleus, Sol) and a fast (medial gastrocnemius, MG) skeletal muscle to spaceflight was studied in five young male rats. The flight period was 12.5 days and the rats were killed approximately 48 h after returning to 1 g. Five other rats that were housed in cages similar to those used by the flight rats were maintained at 1 g for the same period of time to serve as ground-based controls. Fibers were classified as dark or light staining for myosin adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase). On the average, the fibers in the Sol of the flight rats atrophied twice as much as those in the MG. Further, the fibers located in the deep (close to the bone and having the highest percentage of light ATPase and high oxidative fibers in the muscle cross section) region of the MG atrophied more than the fibers located in the superficial (away from the bone and having the lowest percentage of light ATPase and high oxidative fibers in the muscle cross-section) region of the muscle. Based on quantitative histochemical assays of single muscle fibers, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity per unit volume was unchanged in fibers of the Sol and MG. However, in the Sol, but not the MG, the total amount of SDH activity in a 10-microns-thick section of a fiber decreased significantly in response to spaceflight. Based on population distributions, it appears that the alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) activities were elevated in the dark ATPase fibers in the Sol, whereas the light fibers in the Sol and both fiber types in the MG did not appear to change. The ratio of GPD to SDH activities increased in the dark (but not light) fibers of the Sol and was unaffected in the MG. Immunohistochemical analyses indicate that approximately 40% of the fibers in the Sol of flight rats expressed a fast myosin heavy chain compared with 22% in control rats. Further, 31% of the fibers in the Sol of flight rats expressed both fast and slow myosin heavy chains compared with 8% in control rats. Immunohistochemical changes in the MG were minimal. These data suggest that the magnitude and direction of enzymatic activity and cell volume changes are dependent on the muscle, the region of the muscle, and the type of myosin expressed in the fibers. Further, the ability of fibers to maintain normal or even elevated activities per unit volume of some metabolic enzymes is remarkable considering the marked and rapid decrease in fiber volume. 相似文献
4.
Eight persons with asthma were exposed to seven air conditions varying in temperature (37 degrees C to 49 degrees C [98.6 degrees F to 120.2 degrees F]) and water content (44 mg H2O per liter to 79 mg H2Oper liter) . Normocapnic hyperventilation for three minutes at 40% maximal voluntary ventilation was carried out for each condition. A constant-volume body plethysmograph measured the functional residual capacity and specific airway conductance (SGaw), followed by two forced expiratory manuevers. Measurements were taken before and 1, 5, 10, and 20 minutes after each challenge. Air conditions with 100% relative humidity caused a fall in the SGaw that was maximal in 1 minute. Air conditions at 100% relative humidity caused a greater fall in both the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (P<.05) and the SGaw (P<.005) than did conditions of the same temperature but less water content. At 44 degrees C and 100% relative humidity, the mean percent change in FEV1 and SGaw was -2% and -40%, respectively, at 1 minute after challenge. Of the conditions examined, the optimal temperature was 44 degrees C, and we speculate that the optimal water content is less than 44 mg H2O per liter. Inhaled water concentrations exceeding 44 mg H2O per liter should probably not be used in patients with asthma. 相似文献
5.
Stockpiling of DNA polymerases during oogenesis and embryogenesis in the frog, Xenopus laevis 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
M K Zierler N J Marini D J Stowers R M Benbow 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1985,260(2):974-981
The amounts of the various forms of DNA polymerase (alpha 1, alpha 2, beta, and gamma) have been determined in oocytes, eggs, and embryos of the frog, Xenopus laevis. During oogenesis the relative proportions and absolute levels of all forms changed dramatically. In stage I (early) oocytes, DNA polymerase-gamma, the "mitochondrial" polymerase, was the predominant form. During oocyte growth, DNA polymerase-alpha 1 and -alpha 2 increased by more than 100-fold, DNA polymerase-beta by 15-fold, and DNA polymerase-gamma by only 8-fold. During oocyte maturation and ovulation, the levels of all forms of DNA polymerase roughly doubled. The mature stage VI oocyte contained 5 orders of magnitude more DNA polymerase activity than is found in an individual somatic cell. DNA polymerase-alpha 1 and -alpha 2, the "replicative" polymerases, were the predominant forms in mature oocytes and ovulated unfertilized eggs. During fertilization, the relative proportions and absolute levels of the four forms remained constant. During subsequent stages of embryogenesis, the total amounts of DNA polymerase-alpha 1 and -alpha 2 declined slightly from cleavage through gastrulation, the stages of most rapid chromosomal DNA replication. The rapid increase in cell number during early embryogenesis establishes the same levels of DNA polymerase/cell as are present in adult somatic cells. After neurulation, the absolute levels of DNA polymerase-alpha 1 and -alpha 2 increased in proportion to increases in cell number. The absolute levels of DNA polymerase-beta remained constant, and the levels of DNA polymerase-gamma increased 2-fold throughout embryogenesis. 相似文献
6.
B. Botta F. Delle Monache G. Delle Monache G.B. Marini Bettolo J.D. Msonthi 《Phytochemistry》1985,24(4):827-830
The roots of Psorospermum febrifugum collected in Malawi contained together with the known vismione D and geranyloxyemodin four new compounds: vismione F and the three bianthrones A1, A3a and A3b. All the isolated compounds contained C- or O-geranyl substituents and showed a close biogenetic relationship. 相似文献
7.
Inhibition of cell proliferation by D-ribose and deoxy-D-ribose 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
M Marini G Zunica C Franceschi 《Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)》1985,180(2):246-257
D-Ribose and deoxy-D-ribose inhibited DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis in a wide variety of cells (dividing and nondividing, normal and neoplastic, freely floating and substrate adhering, human and murine) at concentrations at which other monosaccharides have little or no effect. Inhibition was irreversible and proportional to the sugar concentration and time of contact. However, the first effects were seen only after 24 hr of incubation and progressed slowly to cell death. Whether the two sugars share the same mechanisms of action is not known. In any case, they deeply disturb metabolic processes in both dividing and nondividing cells. 相似文献
8.
Dithionite causes the depletion of dioxygen from suspensions of erythrocytes by reduction of the external dioxygen and not by diffusion into the cell. The molar enthalpy for the reduction shows a small difference with respect to the values found for free hemoglobin; and the normal stoichiometry of 2 moles dithionite/mole dioxygen found there is not observed with erythrocytes. At low hematocrit, the stoichiometry is 2.6:1 and decreases to 1.5:1 at high hematocrit. The change is not due to differences in the hemoglobin saturation or to an inability of dithionite to reduce all dioxygen present at the higher hematocrit. Neither catalase nor peroxidase added to the extracellular volume significantly alters the stoichiometry or the enthalpy of dioxygen reduction by dithionite. Addition of superoxide dismutase, however, restores the normal stoichiometry at high hematocrit and further increases the stoichiometry at low hematocrit. The calorimetrical signal of hydrogen peroxide, clearly seen with free dioxygen, is not present with erythrocytes. In all these cases the total heat evolved is the same. 相似文献
9.
L Forlani C Ioppolo L Civalleri D L Currell M A Marini 《Journal of inorganic biochemistry》1986,26(4):289-294
Calorimetric studies of the effect of superoxide dismutase and/or catalase on the reduction of dioxygen into water by dithionite in oxyhemoglobin have been carried out and the results compared with those in red cell hemolysates. In the absence of the enzymes the stoichiometry (moles dithionite/mole dioxygen) is less than the value of 2:1 which was found previously in red cell hemolysates [Forlani et al., J. Inorg. Biochem. 20, 147-155 (1984)]. In the presence of either superoxide dismutase or catalase alone the stoichiometry increases but is still less than 2:1. In the presence of both enzymes the stoichiometry and the shape of the thermogram is that previously observed for hemolysates, suggesting the presence of a hemoglobin-catalase-superoxide dismutase integrated system. The absence of a calorimetric signal for hydrogen peroxide in the reduction of oxyhemoglobin in the presence of superoxide dismutase suggests a wider biological role of superoxide dismutase than previously thought. 相似文献
10.
蚕豆叶片发育与衰老过程中超氧物歧化酶活性与丙二醛含量变化 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
蚕豆植株叶片随茎节自上而下表现出明显的发育与衰老顺序,可作为衰老特征的是叶绿素和蛋白质含量明显下降。蚕豆叶中SOD活性主要定位于12 000× g离心后所得的上清液和叶绿体组分。衰老叶片的SOD总活性和叶绿体组分的相对活性都有所下降,SOD同工酶谱也发生了改变。O_2~ 产生速率随叶龄增大而稍上升;而MDA含量在叶片外观表现枯黄衰老征兆前就急剧上升。可能因为衰老叶片过氧化氢酶活性大幅度下降与SOD之间的不平衡,致使O_2~ 代谢中间产物累积而引起膜的损伤. 相似文献