排序方式: 共有31条查询结果,搜索用时 21 毫秒
1.
2.
Editors' Introduction 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
3.
Jane Maienschein 《Journal of the history of biology》2016,49(4):587-601
Garland E. Allen’s 1978 biography of the Nobel Prize winning biologist Thomas Hunt Morgan provides an excellent study of the man and his science. Allen presents Morgan as an opportunistic scientist who follows where his observations take him, leading him to his foundational work in Drosophila genetics. The book was rightfully hailed as an important achievement and it introduced generations of readers to Morgan. Yet, in hindsight, Allen’s book largely misses an equally important part of Morgan’s work – his study of development and regeneration. It is worth returning to this part of Morgan, exploring what Morgan contributed and also why he has been seen by contemporaries and historians such as Allen as having set aside some of the most important developmental problems. A closer look shows how Morgan’s view of cells and development that was different from that of his most noted contemporaries led to interpretation of his important contributions in favor of genetics. This essay is part of a special issue, revisiting Garland Allen's views on the history of life sciences in the twentieth century. 相似文献
4.
This essay describes the approach and early results of the collaborative Embryo Project and its on-line encyclopedia (). The project is based on a relational database that allows federated searches and inclusion of multiple types of objects
targeted for multiple user groups. The emphasis is on the history and varied contexts of developmental biology, focusing on
people, places, institutions, techniques, literature, images, and other aspects of study of embryos. This essay introduces
the ways of working as well as the long-term goals of the project. We invite others to join the effort, both in this particular
project and in joining together in digital collection, archiving, and knowledge generation at the borders of biology and history. 相似文献
5.
6.
Maienschein J 《History and philosophy of the life sciences》1999,21(1):35-52
This paper argues both that the decentralized and democratic context in the United States prior to World War II encouraged the development of diverse approaches, programs, and institutional supports for the biological sciences, and that the resulting pluralism is consistent with the complex and messy ways that science is used in a democratic society. This is not a claim that only U.S. science experiences such diversity, nor that the way science plays out in our American form of modified constitutional democracy, are unique. Rather, my intention is to underline the particular character of the diversity and its implications for science and to begin further discussion of this phenomenon. I challenge others to pursue comparative analysis for other places and times, so that we can begin to explore more deeply what meaning this diversity--or the lack thereof--holds for science more generally. 相似文献
7.
8.
Summary In this paper we analyze Carl Gegenbaur’s conception of the relationship between embryology (“Ontogenie”) and comparative
anatomy and his related ideas about homology. We argue that Gegenbaur’s conviction of the primacy of comparative anatomy and
his careful consideration of caenogenesis led him to a more balanced view about the relationship between ontogeny and phylogeny
than his good friend Ernst Haeckel. We also argue that Gegenbaur’s ideas about the centrality of comparative anatomy and his
definitions of homology actually laid the conceptual foundations for Hans Spemann’s (1915) later analysis of homology.
We also analyze Gegenbaur’s reception in the United States and how the discussions between E.B. Wilson and Edwin Conklin about
the role of the “embryological criterion of homology” and the latter’s argument for an even earlier concept of cellular homology
reflect the recurring theme of preformism in ontogeny, a theme that finds its modern equivalent in various genetic definitions
of homology, only recently challenged by the emerging synthesis of evolutionary developmental biology. Finally, we conclude
that Gegenbaur’s own careful methodological principles can serve as an important model for proponents of present day “evo-devo”,
especially with respect to the integration of ontogeny with phylogeny embedded in comparative anatomy. 相似文献
9.
10.
Jane Maienschein 《Biology & philosophy》1991,6(2):227-254
Diagrams make it possible to present scientific facts in more abstract and generalized form. While some detail is lost, simplified
and accessible knowledge is gained. E. B. Wilson's work in cytology provides a case study of changing uses of diagrams and
accompanying abstraction. In his early work, Wilson presented his data in photographs, which he saw as coming closest to “fact.”
As he gained confidence in his interpretations, and as he sought to provide a generalized textbook account of cell development,
he relied on increasingly abstract diagrams. In addition, he came to see that highly abstract and even schematic drawings
could provide more than pictures directly from life. 相似文献