Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) +405 C/G polymorphism is associated with essential hypertension in a population from Tehran of Iran

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has long been recognized as a hypotensive mediator. Little is known regarding the contribution of polymorphisms in VEGF gene to essential hypertension (EH), however. We aimed to investigate the association between +405 VEGF C/G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and occurrence of EH in a sample of patients with diabetes. A study population of 474 subjects with diabetes of which 45.6% (216) had EH was enrolled in this study. Interviews and physical examinations were performed in a clinical setting. Subjects were matched in baseline anthropometric and biochemical characteristics except for total cholesterol. Genotyping of +405 VEGF C/G (rs2010963) SNP was carried out using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism. The allelic distribution of the sample did not violate Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Subjects with EH had a higher frequency of G allele (P = 0.005). Additionally, those with EH had a significantly higher frequency of GG genotype (P = 0.015). In multivariate logistic regression models controlling for possible confounders, having GG against CC genotype was associated with an odds ratio of 2.51 (95% CI: 1.44–4.38; P = 0.001). Moreover, presence of each G allele was linked to a 1.58-fold increase in risk of having EH (95% CI: 1.200–2.086; P = 0.001). In conclusion, +405 VEGF C/G SNP is associated with EH in patients with diabetes, suggesting presence of G allele and GG or CG genotype confer susceptibility towards EH.     

Lack of association between cyclooxygenase 2−765G/C gene polymorphism and breast cancer risk in Ahvaz, west-south Iran

Cyclooxygenases are key enzymes in conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandin H2. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) increases prostaglandins in neoplastic tissue. COX-2 has important roles in cell proliferation cancers, angiogenesis, and alzheimer. COX-2 is up-regulated in several types of cancer, and it is hypothesized that COX-2 expression may be genetically influenced. Our main objective was to evaluated the association of polymorphism COX-2 with risk of breast cancer in khouzestan province, and the second objective of the study was to evaluate the association with biochemistry parameters. This study consisting of 150 patients with breast cancer and 120 normal DNA was extracted from the white blood cells. Polymorphism cox2 gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction according to the standard methods. The profile lipids and estrogen were measured in two groups by standard methods. Chi square analysis showed that there was no association between breast cancer risk and COX-2 ?765G>C genotype and alleles. Also, no association were observed between ?765G>C polymorphism and biochemistry parameters. A multiple logistic regression model with cox2 genotypes and LDL and HDL as covariates revealed that there is no significant association between cox2 genotypes and risk of breast cancer, but higher values of LDL and HDL significantly increase risk of breast cancer.     

Titanium oxide nanoparticles fabrication,hemoglobin interaction,white blood cells cytotoxicity,and antibacterial studies

This study is focused on the fabrication and characterization of titanium oxide (TiO₂) NPs. Afterwards; the interaction of TiO₂ NPs with human hemoglobin (Hb) was investigated by FTIR spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and molecular docking studies. Also, the cytotoxic effect of fabricated TiO₂ NPs against human white blood cells (WBCs) was considered by MTT assay. The antibacterial effect of synthesized NPs was examined on Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853); Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). TEM and DLS investigations showed that the synthesized TiO₂ NPs have a narrow nano-sized distribution. XRD pattern of the fabricated NPs exhibited that the TiO₂ NPs contain anatase phase. Similarity in amide I and II signal intensities showed that secondary structure of the adsorbed Hb is preserved. The intrinsic fluorescence study revealed that the fluorescence quenching of Hb was done by complex formation between Hb and TiO₂ NPs trough the hydrogen bond and van der Waals interactions. Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy determined that interaction of TiO₂ NPs with Hb did not unfold the Hb structure in the vicinity of the Tyr and Trp residues. Molecular docking study depicted that Glu-95, Thr-134 and Tyr-140 are involved in the formation of hydrophilic bonds. MTT data and antibacterial assays indicated that TiO₂ NPs endow distinguished antibacterial activities against Gram-negative and Gram positive strains at safe concentrations. This study may reveal that fabricated TiO₂ NP can be used as a safe and potent antibacterial agent.

Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma