Bilan nutritionnel au cours du développement de l'ectoparasite grégaire Dinarmus vagabundus et du solitaire Dinarmus basalis

Résumé Nos méthodes expérimentales permettent l'isolement d'une larve de sexe déterminé par hôte de l'ectoparasite grégaire Dinarmus vagabundus et du solaitire, D. basalis. Des hôtes porteurs de 3 à 8 larves par hôte de D. vagabundus sont aussi isolés. Dans ces conditions la quantité de nourriture disponible est la même pour toutes les densités larvaires étudiées.Les larves élevées en solitaire des deux espèces assimilent une quantité de nourriture significativement supérieure à celle assimilée par les . Ceci conduit à des adultes de poids moyen supérieur à celui des . Le poids moyen des et des de D. vagabundus diminue significativement aux fortes densités larvaires. L'intensité de la liaison entre la quantité de nourriture assimilée et la biomasse produite s'affaiblit au fur et à mesure que la densité larvaire par hôte augmente.Les de D. vagabundus de poids moyen (0,42 mg) engendrent deux fois et demi plus de descendants que les lilliputiennes (0,20 mg) émergées d'hôtes à forte densité larvaire. Celles de D. basalis (0,65 g) sont moins prolifiques que les de D. vagabundus.     

An ultrastructural study of the development of afferent and efferent synapses on outer hair cells of the guinea pig organ of Corti

The guinea pig organ of Corti was studied using transmission electron microscopy, the second turn of the cochlea being examined at various ages between 20 days before birth and 30 days postnatal. Outer hair cells were examined at each of these ages. At all ages studied, the efferent (presynaptic) terminals are large and are packed with synaptic vesicles, whereas the afferent (postsynaptic) terminals are generally smaller, with a relatively small number of vesicles. During development, the subsynaptic cistern changes from a fragmented, diffuse profile extending over 50-70% of the length of the efferent contact zones, to a continuous, compact structure spanning neighbouring synapses. Synaptic vesicles in the efferent terminals are predominantly rounded in early development, flattened vesicles appearing postnatally. The synaptic bodies at afferent synapses do not change noticeably during development. Quantitative analysis revealed that the area of efferent terminals and the length of their active zone increase with increasing age, the same parameters decreasing in afferent terminals. Synaptic vesicles in the efferent terminals decrease in diameter, but remain constant in afferent terminals, with increasing age. The number of hair cell membrane invaginations decreases as development proceeds.     

Comparing the frequency of CD33+ pSTAT3+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells and IL-17+ lymphocytes in patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most epidemic types of cancer in men. The tumor microenvironment (TME) of PCa is involved in the emergence of immunosuppressive factors such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), which regulate the immune system by several mechanisms, including interleukin (IL)-10 production. On the other hand, IL-17⁺ helper T cells (Th17) induce MDSCs and chronic inflammation in TME by producing IL-17. This study demonstrated that the frequency of CD33⁺ pSTAT3⁺ MDSC and IL-17⁺ lymphocyte as well as IL-10 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were significantly higher in the PCa patients than in the benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) group. Moreover, there was no significant relationship between the frequency of CD33⁺ pSTAT3⁺ MDSC, and IL-17⁺ lymphocyte with Gleason scores in the PCa group. We suggested that the higher frequency of CD33⁺ pSTAT3⁺ MDSC and IL-17⁺ lymphocyte and the more frequent expression of IL-10 mRNA in PCa patients may play roles in tumor progression from BPH to PCa.     

A comparison investigation of DNP-binding effects to HSA and HTF by spectroscopic and molecular modeling techniques

This paper describes the interaction between 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) with the two drug carrier proteins – human serum albumin (HSA) and human holo transferrin (HTF). Hence, binding characteristics of DNP to HSA and HTF were analyzed by spectroscopic and molecular modeling techniques. Based on results obtained from fluorescence spectroscopy, DNP had a strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA and HTF through a static quenching procedure. The binding constant and the number of binding sites were calculated as 2.3?×?10¹¹?M^?1 and .98 for HSA, and 1.7?×?10¹¹?M^?1 and 1.06 for HTF, respectively. In addition, synchronous fluorescence results showed that the microenvironment of Trp had a slight tendency of increasing its hydrophobicity, whereas the microenvironment of the Tyr residues of HSA did not change and that of HTF showed a significant trend (red shift of about 4?nm) of an increase in polarity. The distance between donor and acceptor was obtained by the Förster energy according to fluorescence resonance energy transfer, and was found to be 3.99 and 3.72?nm for HSA and HTF, respectively. The critical induced aggregation concentration (C_CIAC) of the drug on both proteins was determined and confirmed by an inflection point of the zeta potential behavior. Circular dichroism data revealed that the presence of DNP caused a decrease of the α-helical content of HSA and HTF, and induced a remarkable mild denaturation of both proteins. The molecular modeling data confirmed our experimental results. This study is deemed useful for determining drug dosage.     

VEGF gene polymorphism interactions with dietary trace elements intake in determining the risk of metabolic syndrome

There is a complex association among genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors in determining the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the association between the dietary intake of iron, copper, zinc, manganese, selenium, and iodine (assessed by 24 recall) with vascular endothelial growth factor variants (rs6921438, rs4416670, rs6993770, and rs10738760), on the risk of MetS. Two-hundred and forty-eight individuals with MetS and 100 individuals without MetS were recruited. The dietary intake and the daily average of energy and nutrient intake were obtained by a questionnaire and quantified using Diet Plan 6 software. DNA was extracted from EDTA anticoagulated whole blood. The SNPs were assessed using using a Sequenom iPLEX Gold assay. Data analysis was undertaken using the Student t test, χ2 test and logistic regression using SPSS 11.5 software. There was a significant association between low dietary iron intake and rs6993770 (β = .10, P < .05), and a low dietary zinc and a high manganese intake with rs6921438 in relation to the presence of MetS (β = −.17, P < .05, β = −.30, P < .05, respectively). Our data showed the association of rs6993770 with iron intake and rs6921438 with zinc and manganese intake, indicating further investigation in a larger population to evaluate their values.     

Telmisartan anti‐cancer activities mechanism through targeting N‐cadherin by mimicking ADH‐1 function

This study aimed to investigate if Telmisartan as a novel N‐cadherin antagonist, can overcome cell migration of cancer cells. We investigated the mechanism and influence of Docetaxel and Telmisartan (as an analogous to ADH‐1, which is a well‐known N‐cadherin antagonist) on cancer cells. The effect of ADH‐1 and Telmisartan on cell attachment in PC3, DU145, MDA‐MB‐468 cell lines using recombinant human N‐cadherin was studied. Cell viability assay was performed to examine the anti‐proliferative effects of Telmisartan, ADH‐1 and Docetaxel. Migration was examined via wound healing assay, and apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. The expression of AKT‐1 as a downstream gene of N‐cadherin signalling pathway was assayed by real‐time PCR. Treatment of PC3, MDA‐MB‐468 and DU145 cells with Telmisartan (0.1 µM) and ADH‐1 (40 µM) resulted in 50%, 58% and approximately 20% reduction in cell attachment to N‐cadherin coated plate respectively. It shows reduction of cell attachment in PC3 and MDA‐MB‐468 cell lines appeared to be more sensitive than that of DU145 cells to the Telmisartan and ADH‐1 treatments. Telmisartan (0.1 µM) and Docetaxel (0.01 nM) significantly reduced cell migration in PC3 and MDA‐MB‐468 cell lines compared with the control group. Using Real‐time PCR, we found that Telmisartan, Docetaxel and ADH‐1 had significant influence on the AKT‐1 mRNA level. The results of the current study for the first time suggest that, Telmisartan, exerts anti‐proliferation and anti‐migration effects by targeting antagonistically N‐cadherin. Also, these data suggest that Telmisartan as a less expensive alternative to ADH‐1 could potentiate Docetaxel anticancer effects.     

Gene expression analysis of intestinal IL-8, IL-17 A and IL-10 in patients with celiac and inflammatory bowel diseases

Molecular Biology Reports - Celiac disease (CeD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are accompanied by impaired immune responses. To study the immune regulation of these diseases, we evaluated...     

Property evaluation of two anticancer candidate platinum complexes with N-isobutyl glycine ligand against human colon cancer

BioMetals - Small molecules have potential usage in cancer therapy due to their remarkable potency of disarranging the natural structure of nucleic acids. In this study, two complexes...     

Expression profile of IL-8 and growth factors in breast cancer cells and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) isolated from breast carcinoma

Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are regarded as a major player of breast cancer microenvironment. By production of various growth factors and expression of regulatory molecules, it is postulated that ASCs protect breast cancer cells from the host immune responses. In this study, the expressions of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CXCL8 (IL-8) in breast cancer cells and adipose-derived stem cells isolated from breast tissue of women with breast cancer were investigated. The results were analyzed comparatively in normal ASCs isolated from healthy normal women. In case of breast cancer tissues, results were analyzed between high stage and low stage patients. The expressions of extracted mRNAs were determined using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. As a result, in breast cancer tissues, IGF-1 and IL-8 mRNAs had 28.6 and 56-fold more expressions in high stage compared to low stage patients. In ASCs, relative quantifications (RQ) of VEGF, IL-8, HGF and IGF-1 was about 2-fold higher in patients than controls. Data of this study conclude that presence of resident ASCs within the scaffold of breast tissue may support breast tumor growth and progression through the expressions of tumor promoting factors.