全文获取类型
收费全文 | 442篇 |
免费 | 62篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
505篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 12篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 20篇 |
2013年 | 23篇 |
2012年 | 15篇 |
2011年 | 22篇 |
2010年 | 15篇 |
2009年 | 15篇 |
2008年 | 23篇 |
2007年 | 21篇 |
2006年 | 15篇 |
2005年 | 21篇 |
2004年 | 21篇 |
2003年 | 25篇 |
2002年 | 13篇 |
2001年 | 15篇 |
2000年 | 15篇 |
1999年 | 14篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 6篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 3篇 |
1951年 | 2篇 |
1912年 | 2篇 |
1909年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有505条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Determinants of time-dependent membrane conductance. The nonrole of classical ion-membrane molecule interactions 下载免费PDF全文
We have examined the steady-state and time-dependent electrical properties of a model membrane system. The model assumes that the directed velocity and energy of ions moving through the membrane are determined by the applied electric field, ionic diffusion forces, and central elastic collisions between ions and membrane molecules. A simple analysis of the steady-state electrical properties of the model yields results identical with ones obtained previously using a more complex analysis procedure. The time-dependent conductance changes of the model in response to a step change in electric field strength when there is solution symmetry display three qualitative patterns dependent on the nature of the ion-membrane molecule interaction. One of the patterns of conductance change is quite similar to that observed in the sodium conductance system of a number of excitable tissues: an initial conductance rise to a maximum (activation) followed by a decay to a final steady-state value (inactivation). However, the correspondence between the time-dependent model behavior and known experimental behavior of excitable systems is only qualitative. We conclude that the classical ion-membrane molecule interactions we consider are not involved in determining time-dependent conductance processes in the excitable systems for which comparison is possible. 相似文献
2.
3.
Thermal denaturation and loss of viability in Escherichia coli and Bacillus stearothermophilus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
B. M. Mackey C. A. Miles D. A. Seymour S. E. Parsons 《Letters in applied microbiology》1993,16(2):56-58
When Escherichia coli was heated at 10°C/min in a differential scanning calorimeter, the onset of irreversible thermal denaturation occurred at 51°C, about 5°C above the maximum growth temperature. The temperature at which death rate was maximal (63°C) coincided with the thermogram peak caused by denaturation of the 30S ribosomal subunit. The maximum death rate in vegetative cells of Bacillus stearothermophilus occurred at the higher temperature of 71°C which also coincided with the leading edge of the main thermogram peak. 相似文献
4.
Mammalian DNA ligase III: molecular cloning, chromosomal localization, and expression in spermatocytes undergoing meiotic recombination. 总被引:14,自引:4,他引:10 下载免费PDF全文
5.
Multiple Copies of Human Adenovirus 12 Genomes Are Integrated in Virus-Induced Hamster Tumors 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
Tumors induced in hamsters by highly oncogenic human adenovirus 12 contain multiple copies of 90 to 100% of the viral genome in an integrated form. 相似文献
6.
The time evolution of slowly evolving discrete dynamical systems x
i + 1
= T(r
i
,x
i
), defined on an interval [0, L], where a parameter r
ichanges slowly with respect to i is considered. For certain transformations T, once r
i reaches a critical value the system faces a non-zero probability of extinction because some x
j [0, L]. Recent ergodic theory results of Ruelle, Pianigiani, and Lasota and Yorke are used to derive a simple expression for the probability of survival of these systems. The extinction process is illustrated with two examples. One is the quadratic map, T(r, x) = rx(1 – x), and the second is a simple model for the growth of a cellular population. The survival statistics for chronic myelogenous leukemia patients are discussed in light of these extinction processes. Two other dynamical processes of biological importance, to which our results are applicable, are mentioned. 相似文献
7.
8.
Summary A mathematical model is presented for phase locking of a biological oscillator to a sinusoidal stimulus. Analytical, numerical and topological considerations are used to discuss the patterns of phase locking as a function of the amplitude of the sinusoidal stimulus and the relative frequencies of the oscillator and the sinusoidal stimulus. The sorts of experimental data which are needed to make comparisons between theory and experiment are discussed. 相似文献
9.
10.
Van Bergen NJ Crowston JG Kearns LS Staffieri SE Hewitt AW Cohn AC Mackey DA Trounce IA 《PloS one》2011,6(6):e21347
Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy (ADOA) is the most common inherited optic atrophy where vision impairment results from specific loss of retinal ganglion cells of the optic nerve. Around 60% of ADOA cases are linked to mutations in the OPA1 gene. OPA1 is a fission-fusion protein involved in mitochondrial inner membrane remodelling. ADOA presents with marked variation in clinical phenotype and varying degrees of vision loss, even among siblings carrying identical mutations in OPA1. To determine whether the degree of vision loss is associated with the level of mitochondrial impairment, we examined mitochondrial function in lymphoblast cell lines obtained from six large Australian OPA1-linked ADOA pedigrees. Comparing patients with severe vision loss (visual acuity [VA]<6/36) and patients with relatively preserved vision (VA>6/9) a clear defect in mitochondrial ATP synthesis and reduced respiration rates were observed in patients with poor vision. In addition, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) enzymology in ADOA patients with normal vision revealed increased complex II+III activity and levels of complex IV protein. These data suggest that OPA1 deficiency impairs OXPHOS efficiency, but compensation through increases in the distal complexes of the respiratory chain may preserve mitochondrial ATP production in patients who maintain normal vision. Identification of genetic variants that enable this response may provide novel therapeutic insights into OXPHOS compensation for preventing vision loss in optic neuropathies. 相似文献