全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2494篇 |
免费 | 232篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
2728篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 8篇 |
2023年 | 30篇 |
2022年 | 50篇 |
2021年 | 115篇 |
2020年 | 65篇 |
2019年 | 76篇 |
2018年 | 82篇 |
2017年 | 60篇 |
2016年 | 110篇 |
2015年 | 154篇 |
2014年 | 153篇 |
2013年 | 175篇 |
2012年 | 201篇 |
2011年 | 179篇 |
2010年 | 117篇 |
2009年 | 105篇 |
2008年 | 134篇 |
2007年 | 125篇 |
2006年 | 107篇 |
2005年 | 112篇 |
2004年 | 86篇 |
2003年 | 57篇 |
2002年 | 84篇 |
2001年 | 50篇 |
2000年 | 36篇 |
1999年 | 23篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1971年 | 5篇 |
1968年 | 7篇 |
1966年 | 3篇 |
1963年 | 4篇 |
1950年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有2728条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
2.
Luke L. M. Heaton Eduardo López Philip K. Maini Mark D. Fricker Nick S. Jones 《Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society》2010,277(1698):3265-3274
Cord-forming fungi form extensive networks that continuously adapt to maintain an efficient transport system. As osmotically driven water uptake is often distal from the tips, and aqueous fluids are incompressible, we propose that growth induces mass flows across the mycelium, whether or not there are intrahyphal concentration gradients. We imaged the temporal evolution of networks formed by Phanerochaete velutina, and at each stage calculated the unique set of currents that account for the observed changes in cord volume, while minimizing the work required to overcome viscous drag. Predicted speeds were in reasonable agreement with experimental data, and the pressure gradients needed to produce these flows are small. Furthermore, cords that were predicted to carry fast-moving or large currents were significantly more likely to increase in size than cords with slow-moving or small currents. The incompressibility of the fluids within fungi means there is a rapid global response to local fluid movements. Hence velocity of fluid flow is a local signal that conveys quasi-global information about the role of a cord within the mycelium. We suggest that fluid incompressibility and the coupling of growth and mass flow are critical physical features that enable the development of efficient, adaptive biological transport networks. 相似文献
3.
Enterochelin synthetase activity is controlled by both repression and feed-back inhibition mechanisms. Inclusion of iron in growth media results in synthesis of all four (D, E, F and G) components of enterochelin synthetase being repressed. The specific inhibition of L-serine activation (partial reaction catalyzed by the F component) by the end products, ferric-enterochelin and 2,3-dihydroxybenzoylserine, is shown to inhibit overall enterochelin synthetase activity. 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
A case is presented of toxic shock syndrome in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Toxic shock syndrome is rarely reported in patients who are immunosuppressed, perhaps because such patients are often treated vigorously with antibiotics at the earliest sign of infection. The association in this case may have been coincidental. 相似文献
7.
8.
Bacterial flagellar diversity and significance in pathogenesis 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Bacterial flagella are structurally diverse, ranging from the thoroughly investigated model examples found in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium to the more exotic sheathed flagella of, for example, Helicobacter pylori, and the complex multi-flagellin endoflagella found in many spirochaetes. We summarize some of the emerging structural and genetic findings relating to these more novel flagellar types, and outline their possible significance in the pathogenicity of some medically important bacteria. 相似文献
9.
Cloning and expression of a tylosin resistance gene from a tylosin-producing strain of Streptomyces fradiae 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Virginia A. Birmingham Karen L. Cox Jeffrey L. Larson Scott E. Fishman Charles L. Hershberger Eugene T. Seno 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1986,204(3):532-539
Summary A gene conferring high-level resistance to tylosin in Streptomyces lividans and Streptomyces griseofuscus was cloned from a tylosin-producing strain of Streptomyces fradiae. The tylosin-resistance (Tylr) gene (tlrA) was isolated on five overlapping DNA fragments which contained a common 2.6 Kb KpnI fragment. The KpnI fragment contained all of the information required for the expression of the Tylr phenotype in S. lividans and S. griseofuscus. Southern hybridization indicated that the sequence conferring tylosin resistance was present on the same 5 kb SalI fragment in genomic DNA from S. fradiae and several tylosin-sensitive (Tyls) mutants. The cloned tlrA gene failed to restore tylosin resistance in two Tyls mutants derived by protoplast formation and regeneration, and it restored partial resistance in a Tyls mutant obtained by N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) mutagenesis. The tlrA gene conferred resistance to tylosin, carbomycin, niddamycin, vernamycin-B and, to some degree, lincomycin in S. griseofuscus, but it had no effect on sensitivity to streptomycin or spectinomycin, suggesting that the cloned gene is an MLS (macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin-B)-resistance gene. Twenty-eight kb of S. fradiae DNA surrounding the tlrA gene was isolated from a genomic library in bacteriophage Charon 4. Introduction of these DNA sequence into S. fradiae mutants blocked at different steps in tylosin biosynthesis failed to restore tylosin production, suggesting that the cloned Tylr gene is not closely linked to tylosin biosynthetic genes. 相似文献
10.
It is shown that locust adult endocuticle consists of a daily alternation of two types of chitin-protein architecture: (i) non-lamellate day layers with microfibrils oriented in a preferred direction, traversed by pore canals whose shape resembles an untwisted ribbon, (ii) lamellate night layers with helicoidally oriented microfibrils traversed by pore canals shaped like regularly twisted ribbons. Uncoupling the circadian clock which normally controls the timing of these two types leads to growth of cuticles which are organized like one or the other throughout. We can thus experimentally change the architecture of the microfibrils which in turn changes the pore canals. 相似文献