Dynamics of the spectral-coherent characteristics of the human EEG in healthy subjects and brain pathology

EEGs of 15 healthy subjects and 30 patients in early period after surgical ablation of tumours with basal localization, were investigated by means of monitor "Neuro-1" which allows to obtain in continuous regime characteristics of EEG dynamics according to power spectra and reveal the characteristics of intercentral relations of electrical brain processes by coherence and phase shifts. In healthy subjects in the period of transition from wakefulness to drowsiness highly coherent beta-rhythm (16-18 Hz) was revealed, preceeding typical picture of drowsiness and sleep. Study of the patients shows that certain characteristics of coherence and phasic shifts have an important prognostic value. Conclusion is made that for estimation of the functional state of healthy subjects during transition from wakefulness to drowsiness and of patients in early postoperative period the data on spectra of coherence are most informative.     

Seed transmission of turnip yellow mosaic virus in winter turnip and winter oilseed rapes

This is the first record of seed transmission of turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) in oilseed and turnip rapes. The seed transmission of TYMV in a naturally infected winter turnip rape (Brassica napus var. silvestris) cultivar Perko PVH was investigated. By ELISA 1.6%, 3.2% and 8.3% seed transmission of the virus was found in seed of plants from three localities. The proportion of infected seeds produced by artificially infected plants of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus ssp. oleifera) and winter turnip rape cultivars was determined. The virus transmission rate, expressed as the proportion of virus-infected plants which germinated from the seed was for the oilseed rape cvs Jet Neuf 0.1%, Solida 0.4%, Silesia 0.8%, Darmor 1.2%, SL-507 0.2%, SL-509 0.0% and for the winter turnip rape cv. Perko 1.5%. ELISA cannot be used in direct tests on bulk seed lots to estimate proportion of infected seed, but must be used on germinated seedlings.     

Aspects of hadrosaurian cranial anatomy

Supraorbital bones in Saurolophus angustirostris are described, and their presence in all hadrosaurs is suggested. Frontal-nasal and premaxillar-nasal fontanellae are distinguished in hadrosaurs; their presence is explained as connected with growth and considered to he responsible for the variability of crest structures. New data indicating the presence of a cartilaginous diverticulum nasi within the circumnarial depression in Saurobphus ongustirostris are presented. A physiological (respiratory and/or thermoregulatory) function of the nasal diverticulum is proposed.     

The space-time distribution of the mRNA of the nuclear proteins c-myc and P-53 in the development of the clawed toad studied by hybridization in situ]

We studied distribution of mRNA for nuclear protooncogene c-myc and nuclear protein P-53 in mature oocytes and embryos of Xenopus laevis from the stage of fertilization up to the stage of hatching by in situ hybridization with histological sections. mRNA for c-myc was present in all cells of the embryo at all studied developmental stages. Between the stage of fertilization and up to the late blastula, mRNA concentration for c-myc decreased progressively in all embryonic cells. During gastrulation a local increase in the concentration of this messenger was found in dorsal mesoderm and ectoderm. At the stage of neurula increased concentration of mRNA for c-myc was observed in all cells of the embryo but the hybridization signal increased particularly distinctly in cells of the neural tube. In studies of P-53 mRNA distribution hybridization signal was detected only in brain cells after stage 20 of development (after closure of the neural folds) and up to the stage of hatching.     

Influenza epidemics in the USSR and Czechoslovakia in 1979-1984

In this work materials characterizing the appearance and development of influenza epidemic at the territories of the USSR and the Czech Socialist Republic are presented, the common features and differences of the epidemic process in both countries are recorded. The work shows that in both countries the appearance of this epidemic is caused by the same virus. In most cases the epidemic started earlier and lasted longer in the USSR, but morbidity rate during the epidemic was, on the whole, higher in the Czech Socialist Republic. Similarity in the course of the primary period of the epidemic processes from their appearance to their maximum rise was observed. In both countries the maximum rise of morbidity rate was registered on weeks 3-4 from the beginning of the epidemic.     

Epidemic of influenza A (H1Ni), 1977--1978

The work deals with the peculiarities of the spread of influenza A/USSR77 (H1N1) in the USSR and in the world. The authors point out that the most outstanding feature of the epidemic in the USSR was low morbidity rate among adults, persons aged up to 25 years being most affected. This suggests the existence of prolonged (up to 20 years) post-influenza immunity. The results of the mathematical pronostication of this epidemic for the territory of the USSR were analyzed and and found to be quite satisfactory for the majority of cities.     

European checkerspots (Melitaeini: Lepidoptera,Nymphalidae) are not aposematic – the point of view of great tits (Parus major)

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Multiplex panels of polymorphic microsatellite loci for two cryptic bat species of the genus Pipistrellus,developed by cross‐species amplification within the family Vespertilionidae

The paper presents multiplex panels of polymorphic microsatellites for two closely related cryptic species Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Pipistrellus pygmaeus. We tested the cross‐species amplification of 34 microsatellite loci, originally developed for five vespertilionid bat species. Ten and nine polymorphic loci in P. pipistrellus (mean number of alleles per locus = 10.5) and P. pygmaeus (8.1), respectively, in three multiplex polymerase chain reactions per species were amplified. All loci can be analysed in a single fragment analysis and can be used as markers to the study of evolution and the ecology of structured populations of socially living bats.