全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1638篇 |
免费 | 172篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 11篇 |
2021年 | 23篇 |
2020年 | 16篇 |
2019年 | 24篇 |
2018年 | 25篇 |
2017年 | 26篇 |
2016年 | 58篇 |
2015年 | 69篇 |
2014年 | 76篇 |
2013年 | 91篇 |
2012年 | 115篇 |
2011年 | 113篇 |
2010年 | 58篇 |
2009年 | 65篇 |
2008年 | 83篇 |
2007年 | 93篇 |
2006年 | 81篇 |
2005年 | 93篇 |
2004年 | 65篇 |
2003年 | 75篇 |
2002年 | 85篇 |
2001年 | 30篇 |
2000年 | 37篇 |
1999年 | 23篇 |
1998年 | 30篇 |
1997年 | 25篇 |
1996年 | 25篇 |
1995年 | 22篇 |
1994年 | 26篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 23篇 |
1991年 | 14篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 8篇 |
1971年 | 5篇 |
1965年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有1812条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Inflammatory reaction to ocular trauma is known to be related to prostaglandins. To further evaluate this phenomenon in human, PGE1 and E2 were measured by R.I.A. after silicic acid chromatography in aqueous humour of 26 patients before and 3 days after surgery for unilateral senile cataract (posterior chamber implant after extracapsular surgery). 13 out of these patients were treated with indomethacin by enteral route and 13 were not treated.PGE2 levels increased in all non-treated patients from : m < 214 pg/ml before surgery, to 2666 ± 869 pg/ml (range : 257 - 8728) p < 0.001 after surgery. PGE2 levels did not increase in indomethacin-treated patients. PGE1 levels did not increase significantly in non-treated as in treated patients.1) Intra-ocular surgery is followed in human by a constant increase of the only PGE2 in the aqueous humour. 2) Indomethacin inhibits this increase. 3) The post-surgical increase in the permeability of blood-aqueous barrier appears to be related to a release of PGE2. 相似文献
2.
3.
Patients with primary polycythaemia may present clinical features which lead to an erroneous diagnosis of intracerebral neoplasm. Three such cases are described in detail in this report. 相似文献
4.
Nina I. Smirnova Galina V. Chekhovskaya Natalia I. Davidova Ludmila F. Livanova Galina A. Yeroshenko 《FEMS microbiology letters》1996,136(2):175-180
Abstract The presence of a temperate phage was demonstrated in a strain of Vibrio cholerae O139 isolated from a patient. Spontaneous variants with translucent colonies had lost this phage. The loss of the phage was associated with increased hydrophobicity, indicating the loss of the capsule. These clones were sensitive to serum bactericidal activity, showed decreased expression of such presumed virulence factors as proteases, motility and mannose-sensitive pili. Furthermore, excision of the phage made the strain dependent on purines for growth. 相似文献
5.
During growth on glycerol two marine Desulfovibrio strains that can grow on an unusually broad range of substrates contained high activities of glycerol kinase, NAD(P)-independent glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and the other enzymes necessary for the conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to pyruvate. Glycerol dehydrogenase and a specific dihydroxyacetone kinase were absent. During growth on dihydroxyacetone, glycerol kinase is involved in the initial conversion of this compound to dihydroxyacetone phosphate which is then further metabolized. Some kinetic properties of the partially purified glycerol kinase were determined. The role of NAD as electron carrier in the energy metabolism during growth of these strains on glycerol and dihydroxyacetone is discussed.Glycerol also supported growth of three out of four classical Desulfovibrio strains tested. D. vulgaris strain Hildenborough grew slowly on glycerol and contained glycerol kinase, glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and enzymes for the dissimilation of dihydroxyacetone phosphate. In D. gigas which did not grow on glycerol the enzymes glycerol kinase and glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase were absent in lactate-grown cells.Abbreviations DHA
dihydroxyacetone
- DHAP
dihydroxyacetone phosphate
- G3P
glycerol 3-phosphate
- GAP
glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
- 3-PGA
3-phosphoglycerate
- 2-PGA
2-phosphoglycerate
- 2,3-DPGA
2,3-diphosphoglycerate
- PEP
phosphoenolpyruvate
- DH
dehydrogenase
- GK
glycerol kinase
- DHAK
dihydroxyacetone kinase
- TIM
triosephosphate isomerase
- PGK
3-phosphoglycerate kinase
- PK
pyruvate kinase
- LDH
lactate dehydrogenase
- DTT
dithiotreitol
- HEPES
4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazine ethane sulfonic acid
- PIPES
piperazine-1,1-bis(2-ethane sulfonic acid)
- BV2+/BV+
oxidized/reduced benzylviologen
- PMS
phenazine methosulfate
- DCPIP
2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
- MTT
3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,4-diphenyltetrazolium bromide 相似文献
6.
Our goal was to test our understanding of ingestion, assimilationefficiency and metabolism for Mnemiopsis mccradyi by formulatingand validating a simulation model of growth under differentconditions of food availability. The model was based on a carbonbudget approach using formulations derived from empirical results,including how each process was affected by food availabilityand ctenophore size. An experimentally measured carbon budgetfor pulsed food availability indicated that, relative to totalingestion, growth was high (1748%), respiration plusorganic release was relatively low (2448%) and little(<10%) of the ingested carbon was unaccounted for. New laboratoryinvestigations of feeding and assimilation efficiency were necessaryto refine the formulations so that model predictions comparedfavorably with a variety of laboratory measurements of growth,and growth efficiency, as well as the complete experimentallymeasured carbon budget. The refined model predicted a high ratioof growth to metabolism (>2) and a high gross growth efficiency(>30%) for smaller ctenophores at high food concentrations(>20 prey l1). Both growth rates and growth efficiencieswere predicted to decrease for larger ctenophores. Model predictionswere generally consistent with experimental results, includinginvestigations using pulsed food availability to simulate environmentalpatchiness. Although the model underpredicted ctenophore growthin some experiments at low food densities, the model predictionof a minimum prey concentration of about 8 l1 (24 µgC l1) for sustaining a ctenophore population of reproductivesize agreed with field observations. 相似文献
7.
This paper contains new experimental data on the growth dynamicsof a lobate coastal ctenophore, Mnenmiopsis mccradyi, whichadd significantly to our understanding of the nutritional ecologyof ctenophores and their role as opportunistic predators. Theseexperimental observations were necessary to refine the dynamiccarbon budget presented as a simulation model in another report.The ratio of carbon biomass to dry weight may vary several-folddepending on the nutritional state and size from >12% inwell-fed larvae to <1% in starved adults. Feeding effort(clearance rate) is higher for previously starved animals, fallingsharply within a few hours after re-exposure to food. Directvisual observations of feeding activity of animals confirmedthis. Assimilation efficiency can be high (72%) in these animalsbut if they continue to feed at high food concentrations, incomingfood displaces material which is only partially digested andassimilation efficiency decreases substantially. Except at verylow food concentrations, growth efficiency ranges between 20and 45%. Mnemiopsis, begins to produce eggs at a size much lessthan its maximum. Egg production is very sensitive to food supply,and somatic growth is favored over egg production at low fooddensities. Even though several thousand eggs may be producedover a few days, they represent <2% day1 of the carbonbiomass of the ctenophore and several-fold less than respiratorycarbon. 相似文献
8.
The characterization of centromeric proteins is facilitated using anti-centromere antibodies present in the sera of patients with the CREST variant of scleroderma. We have employed these sera to determine whether or not those proteins are present in different mammalian species, as well as to study their tissue distribution. Here, we describe the immunofluorescent pattern and the proteins recognized by CREST sera in dividing and resting cells from mouse, rat, swine, hamster, rabbit, and man. In nuclear preparations from cultured cells, thymocytes and spermatozoa from these species, the antigens recognized by CREST sera are proteins of 18 to 20 kDa in all species tested, except in rat. Additionally, two peptides of 80 and 140 kDa were observed in human preparations. In contrast, a 50 kDa peptide is the primary protein detected by the sera in rat nuclei. 相似文献
9.
10.
S Kremer D Troyer J Kreisberg K Skorecki 《Archives of biochemistry and biophysics》1988,260(2):763-770
Receptors for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) have been demonstrated in renal mesangial cells as well as other cell types in the glomerulus. The biochemical basis for the effects of ANP on glomerular hemodynamics remains undefined. Using cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells, we demonstrated a concentration-dependent stimulation of cGMP production in intact cells, and of guanylate cyclase in membranes. Despite the presence of a guanylate cyclase response, ANP had no inhibitory effect on basal inositol trisphosphate production nor on basal cytosolic calcium. Arginine vasopressin stimulated IP3 production, caused a rise in cytosolic calcium as measured using the calcium-sensitive fluorescent probe Indo-1, and caused mesangial cell contraction. ANP caused a slight but significant enhancement of vasopressin-stimulated IP3 production, but had no effect on the cytosolic calcium response nor on the contractile response. 8-Bromo-cGMP likewise had no effect on the generation of the calcium signal. These results indicate that the effects of ANP on glomerular hemodynamics are not mediated by an alteration in the generation of the calcium signal in mesangial cells. In contrast, addition of calcium inhibited ANP stimulated guanylate cyclase activity. 相似文献