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Grace C. Lee Ronald G. Hall Natalie K. Boyd Steven D. Dallas Liem C. Du Lucina B. Treviño Sylvia B. Treviño Chad Retzloff Kenneth A. Lawson James Wilson Randall J. Olsen Yufeng Wang Christopher R. Frei 《Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials》2016,15(1):58
Background
The incidence of outpatient visits for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) has substantially increased over the last decade. The emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has made the management of S. aureus SSTIs complex and challenging. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors contributing to treatment failures associated with community-associated S. aureus skin and soft tissue infections SSTIs.Methods
This was a prospective, observational study among 14 primary care clinics within the South Texas Ambulatory Research Network. The primary outcome was treatment failure within 90 days of the initial visit. Univariate associations between the explanatory variables and treatment failure were examined. A generalized linear mixed-effect model was developed to identify independent risk factors associated with treatment failure.Results
Overall, 21% (22/106) patients with S. aureus SSTIs experienced treatment failure. The occurrence of treatment failure was similar among patients with methicillin-resistant S. aureus and those with methicillin-susceptible S. aureus SSTIs (19 vs. 24%; p = 0.70). Independent predictors of treatment failure among cases with S. aureus SSTIs was a duration of infection of ≥7 days prior to initial visit [aOR, 6.02 (95% CI 1.74–19.61)] and a lesion diameter size ≥5 cm [5.25 (1.58–17.20)].Conclusions
Predictors for treatment failure included a duration of infection for ≥7 days prior to the initial visit and a wound diameter of ≥5 cm. A heightened awareness of these risk factors could help direct targeted interventions in high-risk populations.2.
Felkner M Suarez L Liszka B Brender JD Canfield M 《Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology》2007,79(8):617-621
BACKGROUND: Previous findings for the Texas Neural Tube Defects Project suggested that while maternal access to nutrients is adequate, bioavailability of nutrients to the fetus is compromised in NTD-affected pregnancies. Helicobacter pylori could cause nutrient loss to the fetus. Folate, B12, and ferritin are depleted in H. pylori infection; these same deficiencies are related to NTD risk. METHODS: Using H. pylori IgG ELISA Test System, we tested for H. pylori serum antibodies in participants in the population-based case-control study component of the Texas Neural Tube Defect Project conducted along the Texas-Mexico border. Case-women had pregnancies affected by NTD (anencephalus, spina bifida, encephalocele) and resided and delivered in one of the 14 Texas-Mexico border counties from 1995 through 2000. Control-women were study area residents delivering normal live births during the same period. RESULTS: Of 225 case- and 378 control-women, 103 cases and 156 controls provided questionnaire and H. pylori antibody data. H. pylori seropositivity was modestly associated with NTD-affected pregnancies (OR 1.4; 95% CI: 0.8-2.4). ORs of 2.0 or greater were seen in women younger than age 25 and with less than 7 years education. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings intimate that H. pylori could play a role in NTD causation in certain populations. While results did not provide compelling support for this proposal, subgroup findings prompt us to advocate an evaluation of this hypothesis in developing nations among populations with higher prevalence of H. pylori, marginal nutrient intake, and young childbearing age. 相似文献
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Corona-Rivera A Urbina-Cano P Bobadilla-Morales L Vargas-Lares Jde J Ramirez-Herrera MA Mendoza-Magaua ML Troyo-Sanroman R Diaz-Esquivel P Corona-Rivera JR 《Journal of applied genetics》2007,48(4):389-396
Curcumin is a phytochemical with antiinflammatory, antioxidant and anticarcinogenic activities. Apparently, curcumin is not genotoxic in vivo, but in vitro copper and curcumin interactions induce genetic damage. The aim of this study was to test if in vivo copper excess induces DNA damage measured by comet and micronucleus assays in the presence of curcumin. We tested 0.2% curcumin in Balb-C mice at normal (13 ppm) and high (65, 130 and 390 ppm) copper ion concentrations. The comet and micronucleus assays were performed 48 hr after chemical application. Comet tail length in animals treated with 0.2% curcumin was not significantly different from the control. Animals exposed to copper cations (up to 390 ppm) exhibited higher oxidative DNA damage. Curcumin reduced the DNA damage induced by 390 ppm copper. We observed statistically significant increase in damage in individuals exposed to 390 ppm copper versus the control or curcumin groups, which was lowered by the presence of curcumin. Qualitative data on comets evidenced that cells from individuals exposed to 390 ppm copper had longer tails (categories 3 and 4) than in 390 ppm copper + curcumin. A statistically significant increase in frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes (MNE/10000TE) was observed only in 390 ppm copper versus the control and curcumin alone. Also cytotoxicity measured as the frequency of polychromatic erythrocytes (PE/1000TE) was attributable to 390 ppm copper. The lowest cytotoxic effect observed was attributed to curcumin. In vivo exposure to 0.2% curcumin for 48 hr did not cause genomic damage, while 390 ppm copper was genotoxic, but DNA damage induced by 390 ppm copper was diminished by curcumin. Curcumin seems to exert a genoprotective effect against DNA damage induced by high concentrations of copper cations. The comet and micronucleus assays prove to be suitable tools to detect DNA damage by copper in the presence of curcumin. 相似文献
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Urbina-Cano P Bobadilla-Morales L Ramírez-Herrera MA Corona-Rivera JR Mendoza-Magaña ML Troyo-Sanromán R Corona-Rivera A 《Journal of applied genetics》2006,47(4):377-382
Dietary polyphenolics, such as curcumin, have shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Some antioxidants cause DNA
strand breaks in excess of transition metal ions, such as copper. The aim of this study was to evaluate thein vitro effect of curcumin in the presence of increasing concentrations of copper to induce DNA damage in murine leukocytes by the
comet assay. Balb-C mouse lymphocytes were exposed to 50 μM curcumin and various concentrations of copper (10 μM, 100 μM and
200 μM). Cellular DNA damage was detected by means of the alkaline comet assay. Our results show that 50 μM curcumin in the
presence of 100–200 μM copper induced DNA damage in murine lymphocytes. Curcumin did not inhibit the oxidative DNA damage
caused by 50 μM H2O2 in mouse lymphocytes. Moreover, 50 μM curcumin alone was capable of inducing DNA strand breaks under the tested conditions.
The increased DNA damage by 50 μM curcumin was observed in the presence of various concentrations of copper, as detected by
the alkaline comet assay. 相似文献
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Brender JD Kelley KE Werler MM Langlois PH Suarez L Canfield MA;National Birth Defects Prevention Study 《Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology》2011,91(4):258-264