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1.
In a meritorious effort H. de Rothschild compiled in 1899 all publications on mammary gland development and milk – a grand
total of 8375 [1]. In the preface to this publication Duclaux states: ‘Such a discrepancy between the tremendous efforts and
the paltriness of the results – hundreds of scientists and thousands of research years, just to create 200 or 300 pages of
truth’. The number of papers added since then must be enormous. Rather than reviewing a vast literature, I will take the liberty
and focus on research which, in my opinion, shaped our understanding of hormone controlled gene expression in the developing
breast.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
2.
Summary The autonomous mobile element Activator from Zea mays was introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana via Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer. The use of a chimaeric construct, where the Ac element is located in the leader of the neomycin phosphotransferase (NPT II) gene, enabled the excision of Ac to be monitored by assaying for the reconstitution of NPT II gene activity. Using this approach, the transpositional activity of AC was initially studied in primary transformants. About 50% of the regenerating Ac transformants showed evidence for excision of the element. Reintegration of Ac was confirmed by Southern blot analysis. Transposition events are transmitted to the F1 generation with a minimal frequency of 0.3%. In a few exceptional cases they are detected in a high proportion of the F1 generation. Seedlings from the F2 and F3 generations were assayed for the rate of germinal excisions by scoring for kanamycin resistance. The minimal frequency of germinal excision events amounts to 0.2%–0.5% and hence allows the use of the Ac element for gene tagging purposes in A. thaliana. 相似文献
3.
4.
A detailed study of the regulation and evolution of the two classes of patatin genes in Solanum tuberosum L. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Xiang-Yun Liu Mario Rocha-Sosa Sabine Hummel Lothar Willmitzer Wolf B. Frommer 《Plant molecular biology》1991,17(6):1139-1154
The class-specific expression of patatin genes was investigated by analysing four new patatin genes. A class I patatin gene from cv. Berolina as well as a class I and two class II patatin genes from the monohaploid cultivar AM 80/5793 were isolated and partially sequenced. Sequence comparison indicates rearrangements as the major source for the generation of diversity between the different members of the classes. The expression of single genes was studied in potato plants transformed with chimaeric genes where the putative patatin promoters were fused to the GUS reporter gene. A detailed histochemical analysis reveals that both class I genes are expressed as the previously described class I patatin gene B33 from cv. Berolina [1], i.e. in the starch-containing cells of potato tubers and in sucrose-induced leaves. The class II gene pgT12 shows the same pattern as the previously described class II gene pgT2 [2], i.e. expression in root tips and in the vascular tissue of tubers, whereas no activity was detectable for pgT4. Thus the expression pattern of both classes of genes seems to be stable at least within or even between different cultivars. 相似文献
5.
Dr. Lothar Jennes Duane Bronson Walter E. Stumpf P. Michael Conn 《Cell and tissue research》1985,239(2):311-315
Summary Participation of calmodulin, clathrin, and actin in receptor mediated endocytosis of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was studied in an in vitro system of dispersed pituitary cells with a triple staining procedure. Cells were incubated in D-Lys6-Pro9-Des10-GnRH-biotin and stained with avidin-peroxidase-diaminobenzidine. Calmodulin, clathrin, and actin as well as luteinizing hormone were identified by indirect immunofluorescence with FITC- and rhodamine-labeled second antibody. The results indicate a close spatial association of calmodulin, but not of clathrin and actin, with GnRH-containing plasma membrane patches.Supported by PHS grants NIH NS1761401, HS 09914, and HD 19899 相似文献
6.
Ernst Bause Thomas Müller Lothar Jaenicke 《Archives of biochemistry and biophysics》1983,220(1):200-207
Particulate membrane fractions from Volvox carteri catalyze the transfer of mannose from GDP-mannose to dolichyl diphosphate-[14C]chitobiose to form lipid-linked oligosaccharides up to a dolichyl diphospnate-chitobiose-(mannose)5 structure. Mannosylation of the chitobiosyl lipid requires divalent cations and detergents as solubilizing agents. Depending on the nature of the detergent, the oligosaccharide pattern differs markedly: With deoxycholate or the zwitterionic detergent 314 a lipid-linked trisaccharide accumulates. The nonionic Triton X-100, however, gives rise to a spectrum of compounds up to a heptasaccharide. Enzyme digestion of the tri- and pentasaccharide structure, obtained after mild acid hydrolysis of the corresponding [14C]glycolipids, revealed that the first mannose is bound via a β-glycosidic linkage to the chitobiosyl core, whereas the outer mannose residues are linked as α-mannosides. Our studies indicate that, in agreement with recent findings in other organisms, the innermost α-mannosidic residues are donated directly from GDP-mannose. The structure of oligosaccharides synthesized by Volvox membranes is thus consistent with results from other eucaryotic species, suggesting a common pathway of N-glycosylation of glycoproteins. 相似文献
7.
Lothar Glatz 《Zoomorphology》1972,72(1):1-25
The spinning apparatus of the Haplogynae was studied in cribellate and ecribellate families of this group. Profound differences were encountered between the species investigated. It is concluded that the group of the Haplogynae is polyphyletic and can not be maintained in a phylogenetic system of the Araneae.
Sonderdruckanforderungen an: Prof. Dr. Peter Ax II. Zoologisches Institut und Museum der Universität D-3400 Göttingen Berliner Str. 28 Deutschland 相似文献
Sonderdruckanforderungen an: Prof. Dr. Peter Ax II. Zoologisches Institut und Museum der Universität D-3400 Göttingen Berliner Str. 28 Deutschland 相似文献
8.
Lothar Geitler 《Plant Systematics and Evolution》1970,118(1-2):197-200
Zusammenfassung Außer einer schon bekannten automiktisch-pädogamen und einer allogamen Kleinsippe vonGomphonema angustatum wird im Bereich der Biologischen Station Lunz eine weitere pädogame Sippe festgestellt, die sich von den anderen Kleinsippen deutlich unterscheidet. Von den drei Kleinsippen kommen manche zu zweit gemeinsam, andere allein an verschiedenen Fundorten vor. Wie die nähere Untersuchung der beiden pädogamen Sippen zeigt, ist auch beiGomphonema das Perizonium aus ringförmigen verkieselten Stücken zusammengesetzt.Dem Leiter der Biologischen Station Lunz, Herrn Prof. Dr.Heinz Löffler, danke ich auch an dieser Stelle bestens für die Bereitstellung der Behelfe des Instituts. 相似文献
9.
10.
Felix Gisela; Altmann Thomas; Uwer Ursula; Jessop Alison; Willmitzer Lothar; Morris Peter-Christian 《Journal of experimental botany》1996,47(8):1007-1017
A novel Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. developmental mutant,waldmeister (wam), is described. This mutant was found in theprogeny arising from an Ac-Ds tagging experiment, but does notappear to be tagged by an introduced transposon. This recessivenuclear mutation maps between GAPB and ap1 on chromosome 1 andshows extreme morphological and physiological changes in bothfloral and vegetative tissues. Changes to the vegetative phenotypeinclude altered leaf morphology, multiple rosettes, stem fasciation,retarded senescence and disturbed geotropic growth. Changesto the floral phenotype include delayed flowering, increasednumber of inflorescences, determinate inflorescences, alterednumber and morphology of floral organs, chimeric floral organs,and ectopic ovules . wam was crossed to a number of previouslydescribed floral mutants: apetela 2, apetela 3, pistillata,agamous, and leafy. The phenotype of the double mutant was ineach case additive. In the case of agamous, however, the indeterminaterepetitive floral structure of agamous was lacking, emphasizingthe determinate inflorescence growth of wam. The extreme phenotypeof the wam mutant is suggestive of a disturbance to a gene ofglobal importance in the regulation of plant growth and development. Key words: Arabidopsis thaliana, waldmeister, developmental mutant, flower mutant 相似文献