Heart sarcolemmal Ca2+ transport in endotoxin shock: I. Impairment of ATP-dependent Ca2+ transport

Effects of endotoxin administration on the ATP-dependent Ca²⁺ transport in canine cardiac sarcolemma were investigated. The results show that the sidedness of the sarcolemmal vesicles was not affected but the ATP-dependent Ca²⁺ transport in cardiac sarcolemma was decreased by 22 to 46% (p < 0.05) at 4 h following endotoxin administration. The kinetic analysis indicates that the V_max for ATP and for Ca²⁺ were decreased by 50% (p < 0.01) and 32% (p < 0.01), respectively, while the Km values for ATP and Ca²⁺ were not significantly affected after endotoxin administration. Magnesium (1–5 mM) stimulated while vanadate (0.25–3.0 M) inhibited the ATP-dependent Ca²⁺ transport, but the Mg²⁺-stimulated and the vanadate-inhibitable activities remained significantly lower in the endotoxin-treated animals. These data demonstrate that endotoxin administration impairs the ATP-dependent Ca²⁺ transport in canine cardiac sarcolemma and that the impairment is associated with a mechanism not affecting the affinity towards ATP and Ca²⁺. Additional experiments show that the Ca²⁺ sensitivity of the Ca²⁺-ATPase activity was indifferent between the control and endotoxic groups suggesting that endotoxic injury impairs Ca²⁺ pumping without affecting Ca²⁺-ATPase activity. Since sarcolemmal ATP-dependent Ca²⁺ transport plays an important role in the regulation of cytosolic Ca²⁺ homeostasis, an impairment in the sarcolemmal ATP-dependent Ca²⁺ transport induced by endotoxin administration may have a pathophysiological significance in contributing to the development of myocardial dysfunction in endotoxin shock.     

Analysis of the promoters for the two immunity genes present in the ColE3-CA38 plasmid using two new promoter probe vectors.

We have constructed two new promoter probe vectors which carry a polylinker derived from plasmid pUC19 proximal to the 5' end of a promoter-less galactokinase gene. Using these two vectors we have demonstrated that the ColE3imm gene and the ColE8imm gene present on the ColE3-CA38 plasmid have their own promoters, independent of the SOS promoter of the colicin E3 structural gene. The activity of two terminators, one located proximal to the 5' end of the ColE8imm gene, the other located proximal to the 5' end of the lys gene, were shown by a comparison of the galactokinase activity conferred by several of the recombinant plasmids.     

建立稳定表达人RANTES基因的夏枯草细胞克隆

为了在中药细胞中表达人源有用基因 ,以增强其特异药理活性 ,将克隆自人外周血淋巴细胞 (PBL)mRNA的RANTES基因经Ti质粒衍生的中间表达载体pROKII导入携带pAL44 0 4质粒的根癌农杆菌LBA44 0 4菌株中 ,并采用叶盘共培养法转化离体培养夏枯草细胞 ,经Southern杂交确认RANTES基因在转化细胞基因组中的整合 ,用RT -PCR扩增、Western印迹杂交和酶联免疫吸附测定 (ELISA)分析转化细胞中RANTES基因的表达 ,以PBL的过氧化物酶活性作为重组RANTES对细胞趋化性诱导的检测指标。结果表明 ,RANTES基因已在转基因夏枯草细胞中整合 ,并已形成稳定表达RANTES基因的细胞克隆 ,为进一步培育具有特异药理活性的转基因夏枯草植株打下了基础。     

重组人维甲酸X受体α的克隆与表达及其与甲状腺受体的结合

维甲酸X受体α(Retinoid X receptor-α,RXR-α)属于核受体家族,在调节基因转录及信号转导方面发挥着重要的作用。为了深入研究RXR-α的生物学作用,文章利用RT-PCR技术扩增了人RXR-α基因,并将其克隆入原核表达载体pQE-30Xa,转化大肠杆菌M15[PREP4],异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达,SDS-PAGE可见与预期大小相符的蛋白条带,Western blotting证实该条带为重组人RXR-α蛋白,并用Ni2-NTA柱进行亲和层析纯化。免疫共沉淀结果显示其具有与TRβ1结合的能力。电泳迁移率改变实验(EMSA)显示RXR-α与TRβ1形成的杂二聚体具有与DNA结合的能力。结果显示,文章已成功建立了重组人RXR-α的大肠杆菌表达系统,表达产物具有很好的生物学活性。     

牛肝菌属卷边组Boletus sect. Appendiculati物种的分子识别

依据牛肝菌属卷边组Boletus sect. Appendiculati内7个物种的核糖体基因rDNA内转录间隔区（internal transcribed spacer,ITS）序列比对,设计5对ITS特异引物,分别用于卷边牛肝菌Boletus appendiculatus与亚卷边牛肝菌B. subappendiculatus、卷边牛肝菌与拟桃红牛肝菌B. pseudoregius、华靛牛肝菌B. roseoflavus与卷边牛肝菌B.?appendiculatus、华靛牛肝菌与华美牛肝菌B. speciosus、拟桃红牛肝菌与华美牛肝菌的相互识别。ITS区段的PCR扩增结果表明,5对ITS特异引物皆成功扩增出可用于辨别这些近缘物种的目的条带。但未能设计出ITS特异引物,以识别华靛牛肝菌与桃红牛肝菌B. regius两个近缘物种。     

黄芩乙醇提取物通过下调NAD特异的谷氨酸脱氢酶抑制哈维氏弧菌生长

哈维氏弧菌（Vibrio harveyi）是水产动物的常见致病菌,对人类健康和水产经济带来巨大威胁。抗生素的滥用使得药物残留和耐药性问题变得日益严重。因此,迫切需要寻找新型、不易产生耐药性和低毒的抗菌物质。本文研究黄芩醇提物对哈维氏弧菌的抑制作用及抑菌机制。实验结果表明,黄芩醇提物对哈维氏弧菌的抑菌圈为18.33±0.58 mm,最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最小杀菌浓度（MBC）分别为7.92 mg/mL和15.84 mg/mL。经分析型扫描电镜（SEM）观察和细菌胞内外蛋白质浓度测定,发现实验组菌体表面虽有细小破裂,但形态依然完整,表面光滑,菌体细胞膜仍保持相对完整性;通过SDS-PAGE、蛋白质质谱(MALDI-TOF-TOF MS)和实时荧光定量PCR分析,显示黄芩醇提物抑制哈维氏弧菌体内NAD特异性的谷氨酸脱氢酶（NAD-specific glutamate dehydrogenase, NAD-GDH）及其mRNA的表达。本研究表明,黄芩醇提物通过下调NAD特异性的谷氨酸脱氢酶表达而抑制哈维氏弧菌的生长,为中药应用于水产养殖提供了新的证据。     

脂联素调节糖脂代谢相关信号通路的研究进展

脂联素是一种主要由脂肪组织分泌的脂肪细胞因子,具有调节糖脂代谢、增强胰岛素敏感性、抗炎和抗动脉粥样硬化等多种作用。在脂联素介导的信号通路中,脂联素首先与脂联素受体(AdipoR)位于膜外的羧基端结合,再通过AdipoR膜内的氨基端与信号接头蛋白结合,进而激活下游的多条信号通路,其中腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)是脂联素信号通路中的关键分子,活化的AMPK可以使其下游的乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)、p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 MAPK)、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)等多种胞质信号分子磷酸化,介导细胞能量代谢。本文重点综述了脂联素通过AMPK调节糖脂代谢的信号通路的研究进展。     

Copper promotes the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via Rnd3-dependent cytoskeleton remodeling

The motility of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is highly related to their homing in vivo, a critical issue in regenerative medicine. Our previous study indicated copper (Cu) might promote the recruitment of endogenous MSCs in canine esophagus defect model. In this study, we investigated the effect of Cu on the motility of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and the underlying mechanism in vitro. Cu supplementation could enhance the motility of BMSCs, and upregulate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (Hif1α) at the protein level, and upregulate the expression of rho family GTPase 3 (Rnd3) at messenger RNA and protein level. When Hif1α was silenced by small interfering RNA (siRNA), Cu-induced Rnd3 upregulation was blocked. When Rnd3 was silenced by siRNA, the motility of BMSCs was decreased with or without Cu supplementation, and Cu-induced cytoskeleton remodeling was neutralized. Furthermore, overexpression of Rnd3 also increased the motility of BMSCs and induced cytoskeleton remodeling. Overall, our results demonstrated that Cu enhanced BMSCs migration through, at least in part, cytoskeleton remodeling via Hif1α-dependent upregulation of Rnd3. This study provided an insight into the mechanism of the effect of Cu on the motility of BMSCs, and a theoretical foundation of applying Cu to improve the recruitment of BMSCs in tissue engineering and cytotherapy.