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1.
Lambros MP Parsa C Mulamalla H Orlando R Lau B Huang Y Pon D Chow M 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2011,411(1):102-106
Mature adipocytes are excellent candidates to influence tumor behavior through heterotypic signaling processes since these cells produce hormones, growth factors, cytokines and other molecules, a heterogeneous group of molecules named adipokines. Using a 2D coculture system, we demonstrate that breast tumor cells previously co-cultivated with mature adipocytes exhibit radioresistance and an earlier and higher increase in the effector kinase Chk1, a phenotype that was associated with decreased cell death as compared to tumor cells grown alone. Interestingly, the adipocytes-induced tumor changes taking place during the coculture time preceding the exposure to IR were sufficient to confer the radioresistant effect. Notorious among the changes brought by adipocytes was the significant increase of IL-6 expression in tumor cells, whose activity may well account for the observed tumor cell protection from IR toxicity. Indeed, our data confirmed the protective role of this cytokine as tumor cells incubated after irradiation with recombinant IL-6 exhibit an increased in Chk1 phosphorylation and a radioresistant phenotype, thus far recapitulating the effects observed in the presence of adipocytes. Our current study sheds light on a new role of tumor-surrounding adipocytes in fostering a radioresistant phenotype in breast tumors, a finding that might have important clinical implications in obese patients that frequently exhibit aggressive diseases. 相似文献
2.
Barbouti A Doulias PT Nousis L Tenopoulou M Galaris D 《Free radical biology & medicine》2002,33(5):691-702
Aspects of the molecular mechanism(s) of hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage and cell death were studied in the present investigation. Jurkat T-cells in culture were exposed either to low rates of continuously generated H(2)O(2) by the action of glucose oxidase or to a bolus addition of the same agent. In the first case, steady state conditions were prevailing, while in the latter, H(2)O(2) was removed by the cellular defense systems following first order kinetics. By using single-cell gel electrophoresis (also called comet assay), an initial increase in the formation of DNA single-strand breaks was observed in cells exposed to a bolus of 150 microM H(2)O(2). As the H(2)O(2) was exhausted, a gradual decrease in DNA damage was apparent, indicating the existence of an effective repair of single-strand breaks. Addition of 10 ng glucose oxidase in 100 microl growth medium (containing 1.5 x 10(5) cells) generated 2.0 +/- 0.2 microM H(2)O(2) per min. This treatment induced an increase in the level of single-strand breaks reaching the upper limit of detection by the methodology used and continued to be high for the following 6 h. However, when a variety of markers for apoptotic cell death (DNA cell content, DNA laddering, activation of caspases, PARP cleavage) were examined, only bolus additions of H(2)O(2) were able to induce apoptosis, while the continuous presence of this agent inhibited the execution of the apoptotic process no matter whether the inducer was H(2)O(2) itself or an anti-Fas antibody. These observations stress that, apart from the apparent genotoxic and proapoptotic effects of H(2)O(2), it can also exert antiapoptotic actions when present, even at low concentrations, during the execution of apoptosis. 相似文献
3.
C Lambros C J Bacchi S L Marcus S H Hutner 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1977,74(3):1227-1234
Antrycide and ethidium bromide — 2 cationic trypanocides — inhibited NAD-linked α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase from sp. The kinetics of enzyme inhibition was determined by Lineweaver-Burk, Dixon, or direct linear plots. Inhibition by Antrycide was noncompetitive for dihydroxyacetone phosphate in the presence of saturating Mg2+ or spermidine. With dihydroxyacetone phosphate at saturation, Antrycide inhibition was also noncompetitive with respect to Mg2+ (Ki = 115 μM) and spermidine (Ki = 85 μM). Inhibition by ethidium in the presence of saturating dihydroxyacetone phosphate, was noncompetitive for Mg2+ (Ki = 400 μM) but mixed for spermidine (Ki = 495 μM); inhibition was noncompetitive for dihydroxyacetone phosphate in the presence of saturating Mg2+ or spermidine. Rabbit-muscle α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase was inhibited at all concentrations of Antrycide and ethidium tested, but the enzyme was stimulated up to 3.5-fold by low concentrations of inhibitors in the absence of polyamine. New chemotherapeutic possibilities may thus be opened and an evolutionary distinction between trypanosomatid and mammalian enzyme. 相似文献
4.
The effect of neurotensin on submaximally-stimulated hepatobiliary and pancreatic secretion was studied in 6 healthy subjects. An intravenous infusion of neurotensin 1.4 ± 0.3 pmol/kg/min, designed to reproduce plasma neurotensin immunoreactivity levels within the physiological range, produced a significant increase in pancreatic bicarbonate output. Plasma concentrations of pancreatic polypeptide rose by 83 ± 16 pmol/l and were associated with a small reduction in trypsin, but no significant change in bilirubin outputs. 相似文献
5.
Alexandros A. Karamanlidis Elena Drosopoulou Miguel de Gabriel Hernando Lazaros Georgiadis Lambros Krambokoukis Stavri Pllaha Andreas Zedrosser Zacharias Scouras 《European Journal of Wildlife Research》2010,56(5):693-702
One difficulty in the conservation of endangered wildlife is the lack of reliable information on its status. This lack of
knowledge can often be attributed to financial and logistic constraints as well as the lack of trained personnel to collect
data. We test a simple method to study bears in the southern Balkans by inspecting power poles, which are used by bears for
marking and rubbing purposes. We created a network of barbed-wire fitted poles for the collection of hair samples, evenly
distributed throughout six study areas. During 87 sampling sessions in the main study area, we collected 191 samples and identified
six microsatellite loci that were variable enough for individual bear identification. The most and best-quality hair samples
were collected during the mating period, and DNA was most successfully extracted from samples remaining <4 weeks in the field.
In the six study areas, we identified 47 bears. An advantage of using power poles for hair sampling is their availability
and accessibility; no bait is required, and the network can be easily set up. A drawback may be an unequal capture probability
of sex and age classes of bears. Despite this limitation, using power poles proved to be a simple and cheap method for the
noninvasive genetic study of bears that did not require any prior knowledge on habitat use and activity patterns. The method
is suitable for large-scale surveys to estimate distribution and relative densities of bears and could also be applied for
studying other species. 相似文献
6.
Lambros V 《Plastic and reconstructive surgery》2007,120(5):1367-76; discussion 1377
7.
The technique of Sedimentation/Steric Field Flow Fractionation (Sd/StFFF) is applied to the kinetic study of cells proliferation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. The experimental parameter varied is the time from the preparation of the yeast sample dispersion in the culture medium. The determination of the size and mass distributions of the yeast cells is combined with the growth of the yeast cells and their life cycle. The experimental results are compared with those obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and those found in the literature. Useful conclusions concerning the budding and the fission of these yeast cells were extracted. 相似文献
8.
R K Daniel J Hodgson V S Lambros 《Plastic and reconstructive surgery》1990,85(6):859-66; discussion 867-8
The physical characteristics of the light reflexes of the nasal tip are defined in large part by the studio lighting configuration. By varying the lighting configuration, it is possible to alter the light reflexes as regards their number, distance apart, symmetry, and size. For the plastic surgeon, the quarter light system of the medical photographer has definite advantages over the key light system of the portrait photographer. The quarter light system consists of two lights of equal intensity with symmetrical angles of incidence placed at 45 degrees to the camera-subject axis. Measuring changes in the light reflexes as a method of determining the efficacy of surgical techniques is valid under very controlled conditions. 相似文献
9.
A Puri R Sethi B Singh SK Dwivedi VS Narain RK Saran VK Puri 《Indian pacing and electrophysiology journal》2009,9(3):186-189
A 25-year-old previously asymptomatic pregnant woman at 36 weeks'' gestation was noticed to have repetitive monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. A dilated left ventricle with moderately reduced systolic function was found on echocardiographic examination. This is a very rare presentation of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCMP) presenting with repetitive monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. 相似文献
10.
Maria Polikandritou Lambros Cyrus Parsa HariChandana Mulamalla Robert Orlando Bernard Lau Ying Huang Doreen Pon Moses Chow 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2011,405(1):102
Mucositis is a debilitating adverse effect of chemotherapy and radiation treatment. It is important to develop a simple and reliable in vitro model, which can routinely be used to screen new drugs for prevention and treatment of mucositis. Furthermore, identifying cell and molecular stresses especially in the initiation phase of mucositis in this model will help towards this end. We evaluated a three-dimensional (3-D) human oral cell culture that consisted of oral keratinocytes and fibroblasts as a model of oral mucositis. The 3-D cell culture model was irradiated with 12 or 2 Gy. Six hours after the irradiation we evaluated microscopic sections of the cell culture for evidence of morphologic changes including apoptosis. We used microarrays to compare the expression of several genes from the irradiated tissue with identical genes from tissue that was not irradiated. We found that irradiation with 12 Gy induced significant histopathologic effects including cellular apoptosis. Irradiation significantly affected the expression of several genes of the NF-kB pathway and several inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1B, 1L-8, NF-kB1, and FOS compared to tissue that was not irradiated. We identified significant upregulation of several genes that belong to damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as HMB1, S100A13, SA10014, and SA10016 in the 3-D tissues that received 12 Gy but not in tissues that received 2 Gy. In conclusion, this model quantifies radiation damage and this is an important first step towards the development 3-D tissue as a screening tool. 相似文献