Characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers for the Carnaby's cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus latirostris) and related black cockatoo species

Microsatellite loci were isolated from Carnaby's black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus latirostris: Aves), a highly valued, endangered, and endemic species of bird from Western Australia. This study describes three dinucleotide and one tetranucleotide microsatellite loci for which the primers produced clear and polymorphic amplification patterns with between two and nine alleles and moderate levels of variability. Two additional dinucleotide markers which were monomorphic in the Carnaby's cockatoo were able to amplify and were polymorphic in two other species of black cockatoo, greatly increasing the utility of these markers.     

Neurohormonal Integration of Osmotic and Ionic Regulation

There is evidence in crustaceans that neuroendocrine centers,including the eyestalk, brain, thoracic ganglionic mass, andpericardial organ, produce factors that affect osmotic and ionicregulation. Understanding of the processes responsible for osmoticadjustment in the intact animal, such as regulation of permeability,active uptake of ions, and respiratory and cardiovascular alterations,has increased substantially in the past few years. However,interaction of neuroendocrine factors with the target tissuesand systems is just beginning to be investigated. There is evidencethat content of lipids and activity of enzymes are importantin osmoregulation, and neuroendocrine effects on these metabolicprocesses are worthy of study. In addition, there are some crustaceansin which osmoregulatory ability varies developmentally. Furtherinvestigations of such animals is also necessary. Progress inour understanding of neuroendocrine influences on osmoregulationdepends upon further purification of active factors from neuroendocrinecenters and hemolymph, and upon development of appropriate assayson which to test them.     

量天尺根部内生真菌的多样性

为了解不同量天尺（火龙果）品种根部内生真菌菌群组成及多样性,采集GHL-1、GHL-2、GHL-3、ML-1和DL 5个量天尺品种健康根部样品,进行内生真菌分离,采用形态观察和ITS序列分析相结合的方法进行鉴定、归类。共分离得到内生真菌菌株117株,总体分离率为25.71%,分别隶属于13个属,其中Trichoderma、Fusarium、Chaetomium和Phoma为量天尺内生真菌的优势种群,分别占总菌株数的24.79%、35.04%、10.26%和10.26%;不同量天尺品种内生真菌的结构和组成存在一定差异,GHL-2、GHL-3和DL 3个品种中分离频率最高的内生真菌类群为Fusarium,GHL-1和ML-1分离频率最高的类群为Trichoderma;多样性分析结果反映出不同量天尺品种内生真菌菌群的多样性指数、丰富度指数和均匀度指数水平存在差异,其中GHL-2的3项指数均为最高。表明品种差异对内生真菌的组成和多样性均有影响。     

H.pylori可塑区tfs3a分泌系统virB2基因功能

目的对virB2基因编码蛋白进行分析,为virB2基因及其编码蛋白功能提供实验依据。方法利用多种生物学软件以及网站对VirB2蛋白的结构和功能进行分析预测,VirB2蛋白序列通过基因推导获得并由生物公司合成,然后通过免疫动物实验制备鼠抗VirB2蛋白多克隆抗体,同时设计进行VirB2蛋白细胞毒试验(MTT法)。结果virB2基因编码蛋白属于疏水性蛋白,为鞭毛样结构,有较强的细胞毒作用。结论对VirB2蛋白的结构和功能进行了分析预测,证明VirB2蛋白在H.pylori相关的致病性特别是引起胃黏膜炎症方面起到一定的作用,能够为研究H.pylori致病机制提供帮助。     

电刺激大鼠延髓头端腹外侧区对交感节前神经元单位放电的影响

本实验用氨基甲酸乙酯麻醉和箭毒化的雄性大鼠,细胞外记录脊髓胸2节段的交感节前神经元(SPN)单位放电,电刺激同侧颈交感干,逆向激活 SPN,以确定所记录的神经元为交感节前神经元。共分析了80个 SPN 单位放电,其中有自发活动和无自发活动的单位各40个。SPN 轴突传导速度为0.59—3.75m/s。实验观察到电刺激同侧延髓头端腹外侧区(Rostralventrolateral medulla:RVL)可兴奋多数有自发活动的 SPN(19/25),并可使少数静止SPN 产生诱发反应(4/23),潜伏期为6—115ms。电刺激对侧 RVL 结果类似:多数自发活动的 SPN(6/9)呈兴奋反应,及少数静止 SPN(3/17)产生诱发反应,潜伏期为11—105ms。表明 RVL 对双侧 SPN 有兴奋性影响。     

促胰液素对血管灌流大鼠离体胃运动的抑制作用

本工作采用血管灌流大鼠离体胃制备,探讨促胰液素对胃运动的影响。结果表明:(1)促胰液素能明显抑制胃窦自发和五肽胃泌素兴奋的胃运动;(2)抗促胰液素血清可完全取消促胰液素的抑制胃窦运动作用;(3)抗生长抑素血清和消炎痛都能阻断促胰液素的抑制胃窦运动作用。上述结果提示,促胰液素的抑制作用除通过直接作用于促胰液素受体外,还可能部分通过胃窦局部生长抑素和前列腺素介导来抑制胃的运动。     

Intranasal Immunization of Mice Against Naegleria fowleri1

ABSTRACT. The purpose of this research was to determine whether mice could be protected from lethal challenge with Naegleria fowleri by prior intranasal exposure to pathogenic and nonpathogenic Naegleria. Mortality ranged from 0 to 100% for mice inoculated intranasally (i.n.) with 5 × 10³ amebae of 13 human isolates of N. fowleri. Mice were immunized and challenged i.n. using live amebae of strains of low, medium, and high virulence. The greatest protection against lethal challenge was afforded by three immunizing doses of 10³ amebae per dose of the strain of medium virulence. Nonpathogenic N. gruberi also was used to immunize mice i.n. against lethal challenge with N. fowleri. Protection was greater following immunization with N. gruberi than it was after immunization with N. fowleri, suggesting that nonpathogenic N. gruberi may be a better immunogen in protecting mice against lethal naeglerial challenge.     

豚鼠肠系膜下神经节细胞电活动与结肠运动的关系

在豚鼠肠系膜下神经节(IMG)及其支配的结肠段联合标本上,对IMG细胞内电位与肠段纵肌或环肌舒缩活动进行了同步记录。实验结果表明:(1)肠段预置张力为零时,约50％IMG细胞有自发的快兴奋性突触后电位(EPSP)活动,切断结肠神经或以筒箭毒(50μmol/L)灌流IMG后消失;(2)筒箭毒或低钙高镁溶液阻断神经节传递时,环肌节律性收缩幅度增大,节律变慢,但对纵肌节律性收缩无明显影响,(3)串刺激节前神经,在IMG细胞引起一串快EPSP或动作电位并常跟随迟慢的EPSP,同时,纵肌在0.1-0.2s潜伏期后出现迅速的、时程基本与动作电位串一致的舒张波,后者在筒箭毒灌流IMG后消失,而环肌运动可见舒张、舒张波延长或收缩波增大。结果提示:IMG不仅中继经典的胆碱能传出功能,还参与以胆碱能传递为中介的肠-肠反射,该反射活动的传出效应主要在于抑制环肌收缩。     

强化后期氮素营养对提高水稻结实率及改善米质的作用

加强后期氮素营养能提高杂交水稻碳氨同化能力和结实率,稻米的蛋白质和八种必需氨基酸含量、谷类蛋白的赖氨酸和苏氨酸也有提高。     

广西窄腹茧蜂属一新种：膜翅目：茧蜂科：茧蜂亚科

茧蜂亚科已知有123个属(Quicke,1987),其中窄腹茧蜂属Angustibracon Quicke是Quicke(1987)根据分布在印度的1个种Bracon leptogaster Cameron重新组合为1个新属而建立,迄今已定名种仅此1种。我们整理广西茧蜂标本时,鉴定出该属1新种。这是本属种类在我国分布的首次报道,现将该属属征和新种形态记述如下。新种模式标本存湖南农学院昆虫标本室。