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Little is known about the effect of exercise training on the expression of adiponectin receptor genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In this study, we investigated the effects of aerobic training on the expression of AdipoR1 and AidpoR2 mRNAs in PBMCs, whole body insulin sensitivity, and circulating adiponectins in men. Thirty young men were randomly assigned to either a control (n=15) or an exercise (n=15) group. Subjects assigned to the exercise group underwent a 12-week jogging and/or running programme on a motor-driven treadmill at an intensity of 60%-75% of the age-based maximum heart rate with duration of 40 minutes per session and a frequency of 5 days per week. Two-way mixed ANOVA with repeated measures was used to test any significant time-by-group interaction effects for the measured variables at p=0.05. We found significant time-by-group interaction effects for waist circumference (p=0.001), VO2max (p<0.001), fasting insulin (p=0.016), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p=0.010), area under the curve (AUC) for insulin response during the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (p=0.002), high-molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin (p=0.016), and the PBMC mRNA levels of AdipoR1 (p<0.001) and AdipoR2 (p=0.001). The exercise group had significantly increased mRNA levels of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in PBMCs, along with increased whole body insulin sensitivity and HMW adiponectin, decreased waist circumference, and increased VO2max compared with the control group. In summary, the current findings suggest that exercise training modulates the expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNAs in PBMCs, implying that manipulation of the expression of these genes could be a potential surrogate for lifestyle intervention-mediated improvements of whole body insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. 相似文献
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Binding of dodecyloctaethyleneglycol monoether (C12E3) and purified Triton X-100 to various integral membrane proteins was studied by chromatographic procedures. Binding capacity decreased in the following order: bovine rhodopsin greater than photochemical reaction center greater than sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase. The detergents were bound in different amounts to the proteins and less than corresponding to the aggregation number of the pure micelles. Appreciable binding of C12E8 to Ca2+-ATPase was observed far below the critical micelle concentration, consistent with interaction of the membrane protein with non-micellar detergent. Model calculations indicate that the detergents cannot combine with the membrane proteins, forming an oblate ring similar to that of pure detergent micelles, such as has been previously proposed for e.g. cytochrome b5 [Robinson and Tanford (1975) Biochemistry, 14, 365-378]. Other arrangements (prolate and monolayer rings), in which all detergent molecules are in contact with the protein, are considered as alternatives for covering the hydrophobic surface of the membrane protein with a continuous layer of detergent. 相似文献
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Association mapping of complex traits typically employs tagSNP genotype data to identify a trait locus within a region of interest. However, considerable debate exists regarding the most powerful strategy for utilizing such tagSNP data for inference. A popular approach tests each tagSNP within the region individually, but such tests could lose power as a result of incomplete linkage disequilibrium between the genotyped tagSNP and the trait locus. Alternatively, one can jointly test all tagSNPs simultaneously within the region (by using genotypes or haplotypes), but such multivariate tests have large degrees of freedom that can also compromise power. Here, we consider a semiparametric model for quantitative-trait mapping that uses genetic information from multiple tagSNPs simultaneously in analysis but produces a test statistic with reduced degrees of freedom compared to existing multivariate approaches. We fit this model by using a dimension-reducing technique called least-squares kernel machines, which we show is identical to analysis using a specific linear mixed model (which we can fit by using standard software packages like SAS and R). Using simulated SNP data based on real data from the International HapMap Project, we demonstrate that our approach often has superior performance for association mapping of quantitative traits compared to the popular approach of single-tagSNP testing. Our approach is also flexible, because it allows easy modeling of covariates and, if interest exists, high-dimensional interactions among tagSNPs and environmental predictors. 相似文献
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Development of the female gametophyte involves several rounds of nuclear divisions during which nuclei are rearranged and finally cellularized to form a mature seven-celled embryo sac. During these nuclear divisions, key proteins involved in the cell cycle need to be degraded quickly in order to facilitate both the metaphase-anaphase transition stage and late anaphase. Here, we report the characterization of an Arabidopsis mutant nomega, which results in arrest of the embryo sac development at the two-nucleate stage. The NOMEGA gene product shows high homology to the APC6/cell division cycle (CDC)16 subunit of the Anaphase Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C). The phenotype of the nomega mutant is quite different from that of the hobbit mutant, which had suggested a role for the plant APC/C in auxin signalling. We show that nomega mutant embryo sacs are unable to degrade Cyclin B, an important APC/C substrate, providing further evidence of a role for the NOMEGA gene product and the plant APC/C in cell cycle progression during gametophyte development. 相似文献
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Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) is an alternative sample extraction procedure for ochratoxin A in roasted coffee. ASE results are comparable to that of the modified Koch method, but required less sample preparation time. Furthermore, ASE gave higher quantitative values than other methods reported for extraction of ochratoxin A. In the end less harmful water could be used for extraction. 相似文献
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Habitat and Fish Fauna Structure in a Subtropical Mountain Stream in Taiwan before and after a Catastrophic Typhoon 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Kwee Siong Tew Chiao-Chuan Han Wei-Rung Chou Lee-Shing Fang 《Environmental Biology of Fishes》2002,65(4):457-462
Habitats and fish populations of a subtropical mountain stream in Taiwan were surveyed before and after the hit of super-typhoon Herb in July 1996. There was a significant decrease in total pool area and an increase in total riffle area. Upper stream habitat was more susceptible to the disturbance. Relative abundance of the species was significantly correlated before and after the typhoon (rs=0.89, p<0.001). Morisita's index of similarity for the fish communities in June 1996 and October 1997 ranged between 0.82 and 1.02 for seven out of nine stations. Most common cyprinids decreased in densities after Herb, but recovered seventeen months after the typhoon. There were only minor changes in fish community fourteen months after the typhoon. Cyprinids that are smaller in size, such as Candidia barbata and Abottina brevirostris alticorpus were affected the most. Gobiid Rhinogobius nantaiensis that is well adapted to riffle habitat was unaffected throughout the surveys. The results of this study suggested that in subtropical mountain stream, severe typhoon may significantly alter the habitats, but the impact on fish populations could be relatively small due to features of these mountain species. 相似文献