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Abstract Several different species of freshwater Bryozoa, belonging to the genera Plumatella, Rumarcanella and Fredericella, were detected within the Northern Mallee Pipeline (NMP) system in Victoria, Australia, that required definitive identification. These organisms produce asexual buds called statoblasts, with valves composed of sclerotised chitin that bear minute micro-ornamentations of considerable taxonomical significance. Imaging and analysis of these distinctive micro-ornamentations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is often employed for species identification. Meticulous preparation of statoblast samples is therefore required that necessitates the removal of adhering debris, dehydration and drying—whilst mitigating specimen damage and distortion. This technical note describes an approach whereby each of these three steps have been individually designed to be as benign as possible, using mild detergent/sonication to remove debris, a gradual and gentle dehydration procedure using ethanol, and critical point drying. For the overall process, these methods are chosen to optimise control and to minimise the use of harsh and hazardous chemicals. 相似文献
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Salame MY More RS Verheye S Leimbach ME Iii SB Chronos NA 《International journal of cardiovascular interventions》1999,2(4):207-215
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors represent a relatively new therapeutic approach in the field of antiplatelet therapy. Following the development of abciximab a number of small molecule GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors have been introduced such as tirofiban and eptifibatide. In this fast-moving field the interventional cardiologist needs a framework to guide decision-making for the individual patient. This review covers the efficacy and safety data from the clinical trials of GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors in the context of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for unstable angina/non-Q-wave myocardial infarction. There is an increasing body of evidence to support the efficacy of GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors in reducing the risk of adverse ischemic events in high and low risk patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. A number of unresolved efficacy and safety issues remain, including the duration of treatment before and after intervention; whether a reduction in the heparin dose would further decrease the risk of hemorrhage without affecting the periprocedural thrombotic rate in patients undergoing PTCA with adjunctive GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors; and the cost-effectiveness of this therapy. When a thorough analysis of cost-effectiveness has been made, it will be easier to advocate the widespread use of these agents in all patients undergoing coronary intervention. 相似文献
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Michel Batista Fabricio K Marchini Paola AF Celedon Stenio P Fragoso Christian M Probst Henrique Preti Luiz S Ozaki Gregory A Buck Samuel Goldenberg Marco A Krieger 《BMC microbiology》2010,10(1):259
Background
The three trypanosomatids pathogenic to men, Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania major, are etiological agents of Chagas disease, African sleeping sickness and cutaneous leishmaniasis, respectively. The complete sequencing of these trypanosomatid genomes represented a breakthrough in the understanding of these organisms. Genome sequencing is a step towards solving the parasite biology puzzle, as there are a high percentage of genes encoding proteins without functional annotation. Also, technical limitations in protein expression in heterologous systems reinforce the evident need for the development of a high-throughput reverse genetics platform. Ideally, such platform would lead to efficient cloning and compatibility with various approaches. Thus, we aimed to construct a highly efficient cloning platform compatible with plasmid vectors that are suitable for various approaches. 相似文献4.
Kunakbaeva AF Zigangirova NA Kurazhas NV Rybalkina TN Savitskaia NV Feklisova LV 《Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii》2006,(6):44-47
Method of Pneumocystis carinii DNA detection in clinical samples (sputum) is presented. Primers to one fragment of 16S rRNA gene were used for detection of DNA. Isolation and amplification of DNA were performed in presence of internal DNA control. Analytical sensitivity of method was 200 copies of DNA per 1 ml. Analytical and diagnostic specificities were 100% and 95% accordingly. Sputum from 176 children with frequent respiratory infections were sampled before start of antibacterial therapy and studied simultaneously by the polymerase-chain reaction (PCR) and immunofluorescent assay (IFA). Results of PCR and IFA coincided in 167 (94.89%) children. From them, P.carinii was detected in sputum in 5 (2.85%) children. All children with positive results were treated with antibiotics. Repeated tests of sputum 8 days after start of treatment were all negative. PCR could be recommended as part of complex of clinical diagnostics and control of treatment. 相似文献
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Eric AF Simoes 《Respiratory research》2002,3(1):6
In sarcoidosis, host genetic factors are discussed as contributing to disease susceptibility and course. Since tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a central mediator of granuloma formation and since elevated TNF-α levels are found during active phases of sarcoidosis, genetic polymorphisms correlating with influences on TNF-α levels are of special interest. The complete sequencing of the MHC region and the increase in the number of identified gene polymorphisms in this locus associated with TNF-α production offer the opportunity of detecting new genes associated with sarcoidosis and perhaps of defining disease-associated haplotypes that bear the potential of serving as predictive markers for this disease. 相似文献
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Hanneke Vlaming Tibor van Welsem Erik L de Graaf David Ontoso AF Maarten Altelaar Pedro A San-Segundo Albert JR Heck Fred van Leeuwen 《EMBO reports》2014,15(10):1077-1084
Histone H2B ubiquitination is a dynamic modification that promotes methylation of histone H3K79 and H3K4. This crosstalk is important for the DNA damage response and has been implicated in cancer. Here, we show that in engineered yeast strains, ubiquitins tethered to every nucleosome promote H3K79 and H3K4 methylation from a proximal as well as a more distal site, but only if in a correct orientation. This plasticity indicates that the exact location of the attachment site, the native ubiquitin-lysine linkage and ubiquitination cycles are not critical for trans-histone crosstalk in vivo. The flexibility in crosstalk also indicates that other ubiquitination events may promote H3 methylation. 相似文献
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Cardiomyogenic differentiation of human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells transduced with Tbx20‐encoding lentiviral vectors
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