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1.
Summary Eight newSalmonella types are described.S. houten, 43; Z4, Z23 :−, was isolated from a frog,S.tuindorp, 43: Z4, Z32: −,S. vleuten, 44: fg: −,S.zeist, 18: Z10: Z6, andS.soesterberg. 21: Z4, Z23: −, were isolated from lizards.
S. kralingen (8), 20: y: Z6, was isolated from peanuts andS. assen, 21: a: −, was isolated from a swine. All these strains were isolated in the Netherlands.
S.mim, 13, 22: a: 1,6, was isolated from a rat in Ghana. 相似文献
2.
Out of 12,472 strains ofSalmonella isolated in the Netherlands in 1962, 1365, or 10.94%, were found to be resistant to tetracycline or chloramphenicol or to both. Compared with the findings of the preceding years (1958/59:2.08%, 1960:1.29%, 1961:3.96%) this is a considerable increase. Of these 1365 strains, 1285, or 94.1%, were resistant to tetracycline and 46, or 3.4%, were resistant to chloramphenicol. The remaining 34 strains, or 2.5%, were resistant to both drugs.Among allSalmonella strains isolated in 1962, 5517 belonged to the speciesS. typhi murium. Of these, 1203 or 21.8%, were resistant to tetracycline. The resistance rates of strains originating from human patients, calves, pigs, other animals and other materials were 24.4%, 37.1%, 15.0%, 8.0% and 5.7% respectively.Factors which may possibly have contributed to the greatly increased frequency of drug resistance inS. typhi murium are: (1) the rapid spread of the use of tetracycline for therapeutic, prophylactic and nutritive purposes, and (2) the possibility of an episome-mediated transfer of drug resistance from relatively harmless intestinal bacteria, such asE. coli, toS. typhi murium. 相似文献
3.
Virulence ofEscherichia coli strains isolated from urine of patients with acute cystitis and from faeces of healthy women 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
J. F. van den Bosch P. Postma D. van Brenk P. A. M. Guinée J. de Graaff D. M. MacLaren 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》1981,47(2):97-106
E. coli strains were isolated from the urine of patients with acute cystitis in general practice and from the faeces of a comparable
reference group of healthy individuals. These strains were serotyped and tested for virulence in an experimental mouse model.
Of 30 cystitis-strains 18 were virulent, and of 30 faeces-strains 15 were virulent.
It is concluded that the cystitis-strains were not more often virulent than the faeces-strains.
O antigens commonly found among urinaryE. coli isolates were present in 60% of the cystitis-strains and in 37% of the faeces-strains. K antigens commonly found in urinaryE. coli strains were present in 33% of the cystitis-strains and in 12% of the faeces-strains. Neither the presence of common urinary
O-antigens, nor the presence of common urinary K antigens could be associated with virulence of the isolated strains. However,
it is suggested that certain O and K antigens (O2, O6, K23) may be associated with virulence for the urinary tract. 相似文献
4.
Summary A newSalmonella type, which was first isolated from a dog as a monophasic strain (48: z10;−) and some months later from a gecko as a biphasic strain (48: z10; 1.5) is described. 相似文献
5.
Summary The rate of resistance to tetracycline and chloramphenicol amongSalmonella strains isolated in the Netherlands in 1961 was found to be 3.96%, the corresponding figures for 1958/1959 and 1961 being
2.08 and 1.29 respectively.
In this country the total number ofSalmonella types found to develop resistance to either tetracycline or chloramphenicol now amounts to 38. Almost 77% of all resistant
strains isolated in 1961 were found among the human pathogenS.typhimurium. The relative frequency of resistance in this organism was 8.18%, as compared with 2.50% in 1958/1959 and 1.80% in 1960.
In 1961 some cross infections caused by tetracycline resistant strains ofS.typhimurium were observed in man and on one occasion also in a herd of calves. A similar outbreak due to a tetracycline resistant strain
ofS.bovis morbificans was seen in a hospital.
As almost 87% of all antibiotic resistant strains found in 1961 originated from human patients, the resistance must be largely
attributed to the therapeutic use of the drugs in question. 相似文献
6.
van Oers Lauran Guinée Jeroen B. Heijungs Reinout 《The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment》2020,25(2):309-310
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment - The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake which was missed during typesetting. The caption to Fig. 5 was... 相似文献
7.
Pallas Georgios Vijver Martina G. Peijnenburg Willie J. G. M. Guinée Jeroen 《The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment》2020,25(9):1767-1782
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment - The goal of this study is to perform an ex-ante life cycle assessment (LCA) of the emerging gallium-arsenide nanowire tandem solar cells on... 相似文献
8.
Prado Valentina Cinelli Marco Ter Haar Sterre F. Ravikumar Dwarakanath Heijungs Reinout Guinée Jeroen Seager Thomas P. 《The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment》2020,25(12):2393-2406
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment - Weighting in life cycle assessment (LCA) incorporates stakeholder preferences in the decision-making process of comparative LCAs. Research... 相似文献
9.
Ujjwal Layek Krishnendu Bera Bubai Bera Sourabh Bisui Subir Kumar Pattanayek Prakash Karmakar 《农业工程》2021,41(3):243-252
The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that pollinator sharing among cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) and co-blooming magnetic bee-friendly plants facilitate higher productivity of cashew nuts. We examined the reproductive efficacy of cashew in three sites with distinct vegetation pattern (site I: sparsely distributed individuals, without association of co-blooming magnetic bee-friendly plant; site II: densely distributed individuals, without association of co-blooming magnetic bee-friendly plant; site III: densely distributed individuals, associated with co-blooming magnetic bee-friendly plants). Floral traits (including flowering time, flower architecture, number of flowers per panicle, hermaphrodite- male flower ratio, floral rewards, anthesis time and longevity of flower) does not differ among the study sites. According to the value of relative pollinator service (RPS), Apis dorsata was the primary pollinator of cashew and also shared by the co-blooming bee-friendly plants. The abundance of pollinators was the highest in site III and the lowest in site I. The nut yield was also significantly higher in site III cashew orchard which was in association with magnetic bee-friendly plants. Therefore, we can conclude that the association of co-blooming magnetic plants increased nut yield of cashew through the enhancement of pollinator's services. 相似文献
10.