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Jonas G. Barlind Linda K. Buckett Sharon G. Crosby Öjvind Davidsson Hans Emtenäs Anne Ertan Ulrik Jurva Malin Lemurell Pablo Morentin Gutierrez Karolina Nilsson Gavin O’Mahony Annika U. Petersson Alma Redzic Fredrik Wågberg Zhong-Qing Yuan 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2013,23(9):2721-2726
[Acyl CoA]monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (MGAT2) is of interest as a target for therapeutic treatment of diabetes, obesity and other diseases which together constitute the metabolic syndrome. In this Letter we report our discovery and optimisation of a novel series of MGAT2 inhibitors. The development of the SAR of the series and a detailed discussion around some key parameters monitored and addressed during the lead generation phase will be given. The in vivo results from an oral lipid tolerance test (OLTT) using the MGAT2 inhibitor (S)-10, shows a significant reduction (68% inhibition relative to na?ve, p <0.01) in plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) concentration. 相似文献
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Maria Michalczyk Rajmund Sokół Karolina Lipczyńska-Ilczuk Agata Bancerz-Kisiel 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》2023,70(1):e12931
Honey bees are among the most effective pollinators that promote plant reproduction. Bees are highly active in the pollen collection season, which can lead to the transmission of selected pathogens between colonies. The clade Starmerella comprises yeasts that are isolated mainly from bees and their environment. When visiting plants, bees can come into contact with Starmerella spp. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and phylogenetic position of S. apis in bee colonies. Bee colonies were collected from nine apiaries in three regions. Ten colonies were sampled randomly from each apiary, and pooled samples were collected from the central part of the hive in each colony. A total of 90 (100%) bee colonies from nine apiaries were examined. Starmerella apis was detected in 31 (34.44%) samples, but related species were not identified. The 18S rRNA amplicon sequences of S. apis were compatible with the GenBank sequences of Starmerella spp. from India, Japan, Syria, Thailand, and the USA. The amplicon sequences of S. apis were also 99.06% homologous with the sequences deposited in GenBank under accession numbers JX515988 and NG067631 .This is the first study to perform a phylogenetic analysis of S. apis in Polish honey bees. 相似文献
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Barley embryo leucine tRNA separated on reversed-phase chromatography-5 (RPC-5) into 5 fractions, whereas tRNA isolated from barley seedlings grown both in the light and in the dark, contained 4 species of tRNALeu. Species 2 and 3 were predominant; their relative ratio changed depending upon the growth conditions of the seedlings. Fractionation of crude barley tRNA successively on BD-cellulose, RPC-5 and Sepharose 4B enabled preparative isolation and purification of four leucine isoaccepting tRNAs. The species isolated differed in their main nucleotide composition, melting profiles and MgCl2 titration curves. 相似文献
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Balzs Trk David G. Nagy Mariann Kiss Karolina Janacsek Dezs Nmeth Gerg Orbn 《PLoS computational biology》2022,18(6)
Internal models capture the regularities of the environment and are central to understanding how humans adapt to environmental statistics. In general, the correct internal model is unknown to observers, instead they rely on an approximate model that is continually adapted throughout learning. However, experimenters assume an ideal observer model, which captures stimulus structure but ignores the diverging hypotheses that humans form during learning. We combine non-parametric Bayesian methods and probabilistic programming to infer rich and dynamic individualised internal models from response times. We demonstrate that the approach is capable of characterizing the discrepancy between the internal model maintained by individuals and the ideal observer model and to track the evolution of the contribution of the ideal observer model to the internal model throughout training. In particular, in an implicit visuomotor sequence learning task the identified discrepancy revealed an inductive bias that was consistent across individuals but varied in strength and persistence. 相似文献
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Marcin Olszak William Truman Karolina Stefanowicz Elwira Sliwinska Masaki Ito Piotr Walerowski Stephen Rolfe Robert Malinowski 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2019,97(4):715-729
Plasmodiophora brassicae is a soil‐borne biotroph whose life cycle involves reprogramming host developmental processes leading to the formation of galls on its underground parts. Formation of such structures involves modification of the host cell cycle leading initially to hyperplasia, increasing the number of cells to be invaded, followed by overgrowth of cells colonised by the pathogen. Here we show that P. brassicae infection stimulates formation of the E2Fa/RBR1 complex and upregulation of MYB3R1, MYB3R4 and A‐ and B‐type cyclin expression. These factors were previously described as important regulators of the G2?M cell cycle checkpoint. As a consequence of this manipulation, a large population of host hypocotyl cells are delayed in cell cycle exit and maintained in the proliferative state. We also report that, during further maturation of galls, enlargement of host cells invaded by the pathogen involves endoreduplication leading to increased ploidy levels. This study characterises two aspects of the cell cycle reprogramming efforts of P. brassicae: systemic, related to the disturbance of host hypocotyl developmental programs by preventing cell cycle exit; and local, related to the stimulation of cell enlargement via increased endocycle activity. 相似文献
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Marianna Małek Bożena Bogusz Paulina Mrowiec Mariusz Szuta Maciej Opach Iwona Skiba-Kurek Paweł Nowak Karolina Klesiewicz Alicja Budak Elżbieta Karczewska 《Revista iberoamericana de micología》2018,35(3):140-146