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1.
Melanoma is the most lethal cutaneous cancer with a highly aggressive and metastatic phenotype. While recent genetic and epigenetic studies have shed new insights into the mechanism of melanoma development, the involvement of regulatory non‐coding RNAs remain unclear. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of endogenous non‐protein‐coding RNAs with the capacity to regulate gene expression at multiple levels. Recent evidences have shown that lncRNAs can regulate many cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and invasion. In the melanoma, deregulation of a number of lncRNAs, such as HOTAIR, MALAT1, BANCR, ANRIL, SPRY‐IT1 and SAMMSON, have been reported. Our review summarizes the functional role of lncRNAs in melanoma and their potential clinical application for diagnosis, prognostication and treatment. 相似文献
2.
Priscila R Moreira Marcos A Maioli Hyllana CD Medeiros Marieli Guelfi Flávia TV Pereira Fábio E Mingatto 《Biological research》2014,47(1)
Background
The liver is an important organ for its ability to transform xenobiotics, making the liver tissue a prime target for toxic substances. The carotenoid bixin present in annatto is an antioxidant that can protect cells and tissues against the deleterious effects of free radicals. In this study, we evaluated the protective effect of bixin on liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats.Results
The animals were divided into four groups with six rats in each group. CCl4 (0.125 mL kg-1 body wt.) was injected intraperitoneally, and bixin (5.0 mg kg-1 body wt.) was given by gavage 7 days before the CCl4 injection. Bixin prevented the liver damage caused by CCl4, as noted by the significant decrease in serum aminotransferases release. Bixin protected the liver against the oxidizing effects of CCl4 by preventing a decrease in glutathione reductase activity and the levels of reduced glutathione and NADPH. The peroxidation of membrane lipids and histopathological damage of the liver was significantly prevented by bixin treatment.Conclusion
Therefore, we can conclude that the protective effect of bixin against hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4 is related to the antioxidant activity of the compound. 相似文献3.
A. S. Kagramanova T. V. Kapelinskaya A. L. Korolev D. V. Mukha 《Molecular Biology》2007,41(4):546-553
For the first time, extended fragments (5′-truncated copies) of R1 and R2 retrotransposons integrated into the Blattella germanica genome were identified, cloned, and sequenced. Structural comparison of the clones revealed two distinct R1 subfamilies. However, all R1 clones had two common features: poly(T) tails and similar target site duplications. R1 retrotransposons are the first known mobile elements with poly(T) tails on the 3′-ends. The structure and nucleotide sequences of five sequenced R2 fragments were similar to each other. Nucleotide sequence analysis of R2 retrotransposons revealed typical deletions at the 3′ ends of the target sites and the lack of homopolynucleotide tails. 相似文献
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The expression of casein genes in the mammary cells is regulated by peptide and steroid hormones. To investigate the controlling mechanisms we have isolated and characterized the bovine beta-casein gene. The gene has the size of 8.6 kb, which is 7.8 times longer than the corresponding mRNA composed of nine exons. The genomic clones include additional 8.5-kb and 4.5-kb sequences of the 5'- and 3'-flanking regions. We have determined the sequences of the 5' and 3' ends of the gene and compared them with the respective sequences of the rat beta-casein gene. Conserved sequences are identical or homologous to the potential binding sites for nuclear factors and for glucocorticoid and progesterone receptors. The regulatory region contains two different TATA signals and a repeat sequence between them. 相似文献
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T. V. Kapelinskaya A. S. Kagramanova A. L. Korolev D. V. Mukha 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2011,47(2):129-138
The rDNA locus of insects and other arthropods contains non-LTR retrotransposons (retroposons) that are specifically inserted
into 28S rRNA genes. The most frequent retroposons are R1 and R2, but the mechanism of insertion and the functions of these
mobile elements have not been studied in detail. A clone containing a full-length R1 retroposon copy was isolated from the
cosmid library of Blattella germanica genes and sequenced. The amino acid sequences encoded by ORF1 of the R1 retroposon were subjected to bioinformatic analysis.
It was found that ORF1 of this mobile element encodes a protein (ORF1p) belonging to the superfamily of zinc finger (CCHC)
retroviral nucleocapsid proteins and contains two conserved RRM domains (RNA-recognizing motifs) identified on the basis of
analysis of the secondary structure of this protein. The discovery of RRM domains in ORF1p of R1 retroposons can contribute
to the understanding of the mechanisms of their retrotransposition. We revealed a coiled-coil motif in the N-terminal region
of R1 ORF1p, which is similar to the coiled-coil domain involved in homo- or heteromultimerization of proteins and in protein-protein
interactions. The domain organization of homologous Gag-like proteins of retroposons in some insects and fungi was found to
be similar to the structure established for R1 ORF1p of B. germanica. 相似文献
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INTRODUCTIONAsearlyasin1948wehavefr8CtionatedisolatednucleifromnormalandtumorcellsbyextractionwithiMNaCIanddilutealkali[1].Thenuclearresiduewasthenstudiedmorethoroughly[2,3].Lateron,sillillarproteinousnuclearresidueswereisolatedbyotherworkers[46]andasstud… 相似文献
10.
Sze SH; Roytberg MA; Gelfand MS; Mironov AA; Astakhova TV; Pevzner PA 《Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)》1998,14(1):14-19
MOTIVATION: Gene annotation is the final goal of gene prediction
algorithms. However, these algorithms frequently make mistakes and
therefore the use of gene predictions for sequence annotation is hardly
possible. As a result, biologists are forced to conduct time-consuming gene
identification experiments by designing appropriate PCR primers to test
cDNA libraries or applying RT-PCR, exon trapping/amplification, or other
techniques. This process frequently amounts to 'guessing' PCR primers on
top of unreliable gene predictions and frequently leads to wasting of
experimental efforts. RESULTS: The present paper proposes a simple and
reliable algorithm for experimental gene identification which bypasses the
unreliable gene prediction step. Studies of the performance of the
algorithm on a sample of human genes indicate that an experimental protocol
based on the algorithm's predictions achieves an accurate gene
identification with relatively few PCR primers. Predictions of PCR primers
may be used for exon amplification in preliminary mutation analysis during
an attempt to identify a gene responsible for a disease. We propose a
simple approach to find a short region from a genomic sequence that with
high probability overlaps with some exon of the gene. The algorithm is
enhanced to find one or more segments that are probably contained in the
translated region of the gene and can be used as PCR primers to select
appropriate clones in cDNA libraries by selective amplification. The
algorithm is further extended to locate a set of PCR primers that uniformly
cover all translated regions and can be used for RT-PCR and further
sequencing of (unknown) mRNA.
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